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信号与系统

信号与系统. 北京工业大学 电子信息与控制工程学院 张延华. 自我简介. 张延华:北京工业大学 教授 研究方向: 自适应信号处理 系统建模与仿真 移动通信 主讲课程: 信号与系统 现代通信技术导论 现代信息技术导论 通信系统建模与仿真(研究生). 动机( Motivation). Modeling, characterization, design and analysis of natural and man-made systems

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信号与系统

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  1. 信号与系统 北京工业大学 电子信息与控制工程学院 张延华

  2. 自我简介 • 张延华:北京工业大学 教授 • 研究方向: • 自适应信号处理 • 系统建模与仿真 • 移动通信 • 主讲课程: • 信号与系统 • 现代通信技术导论 • 现代信息技术导论 • 通信系统建模与仿真(研究生)

  3. 动机(Motivation) • Modeling, characterization, design and analysis of natural and man-made systems • General approaches :based upon theoretical and mathematical techniques • Tools :based upon the description and analysis of systems using differential and difference equations • Time versus frequency domain representations – Fourier techniques

  4. 引言 • 目的、意义及要解决的问题 • 应用举例与演示 • 教学内容基本要求 • 总结 • 主要参考书目

  5. 目的、意义 IT时代的特征—— 用信息科学和计算机技术的理论和手段解决科学、工程和经济问题

  6. 要解决的问题 • 什么是信号? 信号是消息的表现形式,消息则是信号的具体内容。 • 什么是系统? 系统是由若干相互作用和相互依赖的事物组合而成的具有特定功能的整体。 • 信号作用于系统产生什么响应?

  7. 应用(Applications) • Communications – AM, FM, FSK, PSK, communication channels • Physical systems modeling and control- seismology, mechanics, chemical process control, aerospace, motor control, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics • Radio-astronomy, geophysics • Optics and acoustics

  8. 应用(Applications) • Biomedical engineering • Electronics, circuit design • Neural networks, adaptive systems • Computer vision, graphics, image and speech processing • Time series analysis, economic forecasting, stock trends

  9. 应用举例 (1)ECG噪声抑制

  10. (2)陆地资源卫星照片的伪彩色图

  11. (3)感兴趣区图象处理

  12. (4)亮度直方图

  13. (5)图象的边缘检测

  14. (6)2维FIR滤波器应用

  15. (7)太阳系系统的虚拟现实仿真

  16. (8)基于DCT的视频压缩技术

  17. (9)基于运动检测的安全监控系统

  18. (10)Bluetooth系统仿真

  19. (11)DTMF系统仿真

  20. (11)DTMF系统仿真

  21. (11)DTMF系统仿真

  22. (12)OFDM仿真系统

  23. Analogue versus Digital Analogue versus Digital Signal Processing • Main distinction is continuous versus discrete • Analogue signal processing – many real world systems are analogue, control and processing in analogue domain with analogue circuits (RLC, diodes, amps ....) or with mechanical or other physical elements • DSP – digital circuits/program (adders, multipliers and memory)

  24. 《信号与系统》课程介绍 • 教学内容: • 信号分析方面:讲授信号分析的基本理论和方法,包括付里叶级数、付里叶变换,拉普拉斯变换和z变换等。 • 系统分析方面:讲授系统的各种描述方法,包括微分方程、差分方程的建立,系统函数的计算。 • 分析方法和应用方面:则主要涉及卷积积分、卷积和以及变换域方法求解线性系统等内容。

  25. Why Analogue? • Natural solution of differential equations • Strong arsenal of techniques for design of analogue filters etc. • No need for approximation, sampling, numerical computations • Real time, less complex circuitry • BUT component values drift, imprecise tolerance, age and temperature variations, difficult with very small and very large components, non ideal realizations

  26. Why Digital? • Flexible, same hardware can perform multiple functions, upgrade and update possible • Repeatability and precision, higher-order systems • Natural for interface with high level supervisory control software • BUT takes time to compute and circuit complexity is high (especially with general purpose hardware)

  27. Analogue and Digital? • Most systems are ‘mixed’ combining some analogue and some digital components • digital hardware is so cheap it almost always an option despite increased circuit complexity for digital implementation • Digital techniques for data acquisition, signal filtering, detection, processing and automatic control are sometimes approximations of analogue solutions and are sometimes fully ‘digital’ designs

  28. 课程介绍 • 教学内容: • 信号分析方面:讲授信号分析的基本理论和方法,包括付里叶级数、付里叶变换,拉普拉斯变换和z变换等。 • 系统分析方面:讲授系统的各种描述方法,包括微分方程、差分方程的建立,系统函数的计算 • 分析方法和应用方面:则主要涉及卷积积分、卷积和以及变换域方法求解线性系统等内容

  29. 课程介绍(续) • 教学方式: • 采用课堂讲授为主 • 课堂讨论为辅 • 精选启发性例题 • 多媒体教学演示示例。

  30. 课程介绍(续) • 课程特色: • 强调信号、系统和变换的基本理论 • 内容先进新颖,反映本课程和相关交叉学科的最新发展 • 理论与实际结合紧密 • 强调对学生分析和解决问题的能力的培养和训练。 • 课程结构、层次清晰,疑难之处处理得体

  31. Necessary/Useful Mathematical Preparation • Calculus • Linear algebra • Especially eigenvalue problem, orthogonality, basis functions • Discrete math, sequences and series • Numerical methods

  32. 主要教材与参考书 • 信号与系统(上、下册),(第一、二版),郑君里等编,高等教育出版社,2000 • 信号与系统,Hwei P.Hsu,骆丽 等译,科学出版社,2002 • Fundamentals of Signals and Systems--Using the Web and MATLAB,E.W.Kamen,B.S.Heck,科学出版社,2002 • Signals and Systems, Alan V.Oppenheim,Prentice-Hall,1997 • 信号与线性系统(上、下册),管致中等编,高等教育出版社,1996年第三版 • 信号与线性系统分析,吴大正主编,高等教育出版社,1996

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