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The science behind Hazardous substance labeling IS That Chemical Harmful?

The science behind Hazardous substance labeling IS That Chemical Harmful?. Regulations. The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is enforced by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA)

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The science behind Hazardous substance labeling IS That Chemical Harmful?

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  1. The science behind Hazardous substance labelingIS That Chemical Harmful?

  2. Regulations • The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is enforced by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) • OSHA is authorized by the Occupational Safety & Health Act-- a law passed by the United States Congress

  3. The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) • Requires employers to: • Develop and follow a written hazard communication program • Use labels and other forms of warnings • Retain Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), and • Provide information and training for employees

  4. Employees’ Right-to-Know • HCS is based on a simple concept--that employees have both a need and a Right To Know the hazards and identities of the chemicals they are exposed to when working • The information is communicated on a document called a Material Safety Data Sheet, an MSDS

  5. Normal vs. Hazardous Use • The application of the HCS is based on normal conditions of use • A product is used as it was intended • With the same regularity for which it was marketed • Example: • Normal Condition of Use: • An office worker uses WD40 to loosen the lock of a desk • Hazardous Material Exposure: • An automotive technician uses two cans of WD40 per day

  6. Under the HCS, Employers… • Must develop a written program that covers at least: • Labels and other forms of warnings • Material Safety Data Sheets • Employee Information and Training

  7. Labels, Tags and Markings • All materials regulated under the HCS must be identified by label, tag or marking to communicate: • Identity of the hazardous chemical • Appropriate hazard warnings

  8. Two Labeling Systems HMIG NFPA

  9. NFPA and HMIG/HMIS Labels • Use same criteria except: • HMIG: designed for employee to know hazards of materials they work with and how to protect themselves • NFPA: designed for transportation to know how to store material and respond to an emergency situation. NFPA does not comply with the HCS requirements

  10. How to Remember 0 to4 • 0 = Minimal Risk • Slight irritation • 1 = Going to need a bandage • 2 = Going to see a Doctor • 3 = Going to the hospital… for a while • It is surprising what you can live through • 4 = Death • Can kill with one time exposure

  11. Chemical Exposure, Severity, and Duration • “Acute” effects usually occur rapidly as a result of short-term exposures, and are of short duration • “Chronic” effects generally occur as a result of long-term exposure, and are of long duration

  12. Corrosives • Visible destruction, or irreversible damage to body tissue • Acids or Caustics (or bases) 1 7 14 pH scale

  13. Hazardous Chemicals Target Human Organs

  14. Hepatotoxins • Chemicals which produce liver damage • Signs and Symptoms: jaundice, liver enlargement • Chemicals: Carbon Tetrachloride, nitrosamines

  15. Nephrotoxins • Chemicals which produce kidney damage • Signs and Symptoms: edema • Chemicals: Halogenated Hydrocarbons, uranium

  16. Neurotoxins • Chemicals which produce their primary toxic effects on the nervous system • Signs and Symptoms: unconsciousness, behavioral changes, decreased motor function • Chemicals: mercury, carbon disulfide, lead

  17. Toxins to the Blood • Decrease hemoglobin function, deprive the body tissues of oxygen • Signs and Symptoms: cyanosis, loss of consciousness • Chemicals: carbon monoxide, cyanides

  18. Toxins to the Lungs • Chemicals which damage pulmonary tissue • Signs and Symptoms: cough,tightness in the chest, loss of breath • Chemicals: asbestos, silica

  19. Reproductive Toxins • Chemicals which damage reproductive capabilities • Includes chromosomal damage (mutations) and damage to fetuses (teratogenesis) • Signs and Symptoms: birth defects, sterility • Chemicals: Lead

  20. Cutaneous Hazards • Chemicals which effect the dermal layer of the body • Signs and Symptoms: defattingof the skin, rashes, irritation • Chemicals: ketones, chlorinated compounds

  21. Eye Hazards • Chemicals which affect the eye or visual capacity • Signs and symptoms: Conjunctivitis, corneal damage, blurred vision, burning or irritation • Chemicals: Solvents, corrosives

  22. Take Proper Precautions • Know the substances with which you are working • Recognize hazards in the workplace • Wear personal protective equipment when needed • Prevent illness and injury

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