Agenda

1. Agenda • Essential Question: What are the purposes and styles of dance? • Grab handouts from front table! • Opener: Read the article dealing with Male Dancer Stereotypes and answer the questions. • Return Papers • Lecture – Purposes of Dance • Activity - Styles of Dance • Exit Slip – Identify the three purposes of dance and the four styles of dance studied today in class.

2. Questions: • 1) What is the stereotype surrounding male ballet dancers? • 2) Name two things that Sascha does during an average day on the job. • 3) Are artists treated differently in American than in other countries? Explain. • 4) What is the most irritating aspect of the stereotype against male ballet dancers according to Sascha? • 5) Why do male dancers need a strong will and fortitude to become professionals? • 6) What are some similarities between Sascha and other male dancers’ stories of when they were growing up? • 7) Explain the following statement: “Ironically, the stereotype of the sissy male dancer has given rise to a male dancer who is anything but.” • 8) Name one reward named from being a male ballet dancer. • 9) ____________________________ to ballet is all that is needed to ____________ minds, for the combination of ___________________, _______________________ and beautiful music can instill a profound appreciation in an audience.

3. Trade and Grade – Your name must be on someone else’s paper for you to get credit! Answers: • 1) that they are “sissies” or homosexuals • 2) handle lovely women, engage in duels, experience exotic locals, moves like a gymnast, chivalrous lover • 3) Yes, they are treated with more respect; they are celebrated • 4) they lack strength of character or a courageous spirit • 5) they have to fight stereotypes • 6) stories share discouragement, harassment, and violence • 7) Since people think male dancers are sissies, male dancers have had to become fighters • 8) realize physical and emotional human potential; bring joy to others • 9) Exposure to ballet is all that is needed to open minds, for the combination of athletic movement, ardent drama and beautiful music can instill a profound appreciation in an audience.

4. Review • Take your element note sheet out. • What are the elements of dance? • Name one aspect of each.

5. Purposes of Dance • Ceremonial • Recreational • Artistic Expression • As we cover each style, write down one example that comes to your mind. I will ask each of you for your individual responses!

6. Purposes of Dance Ceremonial - dances created or performed for rituals or celebrations (e.g., dances of Native Americans and West Africans to celebrate life events such as harvest, ritual dances associated with worship)

7. Recreational - dancing for recreation, to support recreational activities (e.g., ballroom, line dancing, aerobic dance, dance as a hobby)

8. Artistic Expression – dance created with the intent to express or communicate emotion, feelings, ideas, information, (e.g., ballet, tap dance, narrative dance, dance created and performed in a concert and/or theatrical setting for an audience)

9. Styles of Dance • Tap • Ballet • Modern • Jazz • You will fill in your chart as we discuss the four following slides. 20 points • Hold on to this chart as you will be completing the last four boxes for an additional 40 points the next class.

10. Tap Tap dance was developed in the US during the 19th century. It comes from traditional clog dance of northern England, the jigs and reels of Ireland and Scotland, and the rhythmic foot stamping of African dances. By 1925, metal taps were added to the heels and toes of the shoes to produce a more pronounced sound. Tap dancers use syncopation and improvisation in creating their dances. Some steps include the shuffle, flap, cramp roll, buffalo, time steps, pullbacks, and wings.

11. “Tap” • Outstanding tap performances by the Gregory Hines and Sammy Davis. Also the challenge included legendary tap dance veterans: Harold Nicholas, Jimmy Slyde, Howard 'Sandman' Sims, Bunny Briggs, Steve Condos, Arhur Duncan and Pat Rico. In addition, there is the 14-year-old Savion Glover

12. Tap • To ponder… • When you think of “tap dancing,” what images come to mind? • What are some essential components to tap dancing? • Why does tap differ from ballet, jazz, and modern? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpIu-R-1ej0 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZxfRpL5GVo&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kA42VrqGKd4 Viewing Example- Savion Glover

13. Tap 1) Definition: a dance where rhythms are audibly tapped out with the toe or heel. 2) Roots: Tap dance was developed in the US during the 19th century. - It comes from traditional clog dance of northern England, the jigs and reels of Ireland and Scotland, and the rhythmic foot stamping of African dances.

14. Tap 1) Definition: a dance where rhythms are audibly tapped out with the toe or heel. 2) Roots: Tap dance was developed in the US during the 19th century. - It comes from traditional clog dance of northern England, the jigs and reels of Ireland and Scotland, and the rhythmic foot stamping of African dances.

15. Tap 3) Attire: The outfits themselves can be formal or simply street wear. By 1925, metal taps were added to the heels and toes of the shoes to produce a more pronounced sound.

16. Tap 4) Characteristics: Characterized by percussive footwork and precise rhythmic patterns. Steps Include: the shuffle, flap, cramp roll, buffalo, time steps, pullbacks, and wings. 5) Participation or Performance: Performance 6) How does it feel?: Put it in your own words.

17. Ballet • 1) Ballet did not develop until the late 1400’s in Italy. However, ballet did not become a major art form until the reign of Louis XIV in France. Louis XIV established the Academie Royale de la Danse. It was at this time that the five core positions of ballet appear in choreographers’ writings. • 2) The reason why most ballet terms are French is because of the fact that ballet became so popular because of France’s influence. • 3) Ballet puts emphasis on the method and execution of movement. Ballet steps are characterized by the outward rotation of the thighs from the hip. The foundation of the dance consists of five basic positions, all performed with turnout. • 4) Emphasis is put on the strength of the lower body (especially the legs) and the core (the abs). • 5) Ballet costumes include tutus, pointe shoes, ballet slippers. • Example: Swan Lake - Tchaikovsky

18. ballet • To ponder… • When you think of “ballet,” what images come to mind? • Do you know any famous examples of ballet? • Is ballet a style of dance that you are interested in? Why or why not? • Viewing Example… Center Stage

19. ballet 1) Definition: a classical dance that uses formalized steps and gestures set in intricate, flowing patterns to create expression through movement. 2) Roots: It came from court dances; ballet did not develop until the late 1400’s in Italy. However, ballet did not become a major art form until the reign of Louis XIV in France. Louis XIV established the Academie Royale de la Danse. It was at this time that the five core positions of ballet appear in choreographers’ writings.

20. ballet 3) Attire: Ballet costumes include tutus, pointe shoes, ballet slippers.

21. ballet 4) Characteristics: Ballet puts emphasis on the method and execution of movement. Ballet steps are characterized by the outward rotation of the thighs from the hip. The foundation of the dance consists of five basic positions, all performed with turnout. Steps Include: chasse, plie, tendu, battement 5) Participation or Performance: Performance 6) How does it feel?: Put it in your own words.

22. Modern • Modern dance developed in the early 20th century. • In the early 1900s, a few dancers in Europe started to rebel against the rigid constraints of Classical Ballet. Shedding classical ballet technique, costumes and shoes these early modern dance pioneers practiced free dance. • Modern choreography seen in performance is very diverse and generally cannot be recognized as any specific dance style, although other dance styles can often influence much of the movement. • Costumes are traditionally minimalist; in other words, they aren’t very elaborate and don’t have more on them then the dance calls for. Traditionally, dancers dance without shoes or shoes that meant to appear that they aren’t there. • Example: Appalachian Spring – Martha Graham

23. mODERN • To ponder… • When you think of “modern,” what images come to mind? • What type of music does modern dance rely on? • What are some characteristics that would make a dance “modern”? • Viewing Example: Martha Graham

24. mODERN 1) Definition: a form of contemporary theatrical and concert dance that uses the entire body in movements expressive of abstract ideas. 2) Roots: Modern dance developed in the early 20th century. In the early 1900s, a few dancers in Europe started to rebel against the rigid constraints of Classical Ballet. Shedding classical ballet technique, costumes and shoes these early modern dance pioneers practiced free dance.

25. mODERN 3) Attire: Costumes are traditionally minimalist; in other words, they aren’t very elaborate and don’t have more on them then the dance calls for. Traditionally, dancers dance without shoes or shoes that meant to appear that they aren’t there.

26. mODERN 4) Characteristics: Modern choreography seen in performance is very diverse and generally cannot be recognized as any specific dance style. It is creative and free flowing. One artist is both dancer and choreographer. Steps Include: flexed feet, cupped hands, bent knees 5) Participation or Performance: Both 6) How does it feel?: Put it in your own words.

27. Jazz • 1) Jazz dance originated from the African American vernacular dance of the late 1800s to the mid-1900s. An early popular “jazz dancer” was Vaudeville star Joe Frisco in the 1910s. He danced in a loose-limbed style close to the ground while juggling his derby and cigar. • With the growing domination of other forms of entertainment music, jazz dance evolved on Broadway into a new, smooth style taught today. • In order to be a good jazz dancer, he or she must master ballet technique because it consists for slower movements that strengthens body and improves balance. • Jazz relies heavily on originality and improvisation. • Some basic steps include: ball change, twist, pivot, touch step, pique, passe, stag leap, jete, pencil spin barrel turn, fan kick, jazz walk, chasses • Example: Bye Bye Blackbird – Bob Fosse

28. Jazz • Viewing Example: Blackbird from Fosse • To ponder… • When you think of “jazz,” what images come to mind? • What type of music does jazz dance rely on? • What are some characteristics of jazz dancing?

29. Jazz • Definition: a dance form or dance that is matched to the rhythms and techniques of jazz music. 2) Roots: Jazz dance originated from the African American vernacular dance of the late 1800s to the mid-1900s. An early popular “jazz dancer” was Vaudeville star Joe Frisco in the 1910s. He danced in a loose-limbed style close to the ground while juggling his derby and cigar. With the growing domination of other forms of entertainment music, jazz dance evolved on Broadway into a new, smooth style taught today.

30. Jazz 3) Attire: formal to street wear (to match the choreography), jazz shoes/boots

31. Jazz 4) Characteristics: In order to be a good jazz dancer, he or she must master ballet technique because it consists for slower movements that strengthens body and improves balance. Jazz relies heavily on originality and improvisation. Steps Include: ball change, twist, pivot, touch step, pique, passe, stag leap, jete, pencil spin barrel turn, fan kick, jazz walk, chasses 5) Participation or Performance: Performance 6) How does it feel?: Put it in your own words.

32. Exit Slip • Own your own sheet of paper: • 1. Identify the three purposes of dance • 2. Identify the four styles of dance we studied in class • 3. Put in the proper basket when finished

34. Opener Last class, you learned about the four main styles of dance. Which style of dance do you think you would enjoy to watch? Why? Which style of dance do you think you would enjoy doing the most? Why? Which one of the styles do you think you would like the LEAST? Why?

36. Bumping, Grinding, and Freak Dancing Article Questions • Dancing fascinates cultural anthropologists because it seems that dancing is an almost universal _____________________ without actually love making. • Officials at Bend High School described a dance as what?

37. 3. What were the rules that Puyallup High School officials made for school dances? 4. In the last paragraph, what does “puritanical” mean?

38. 5. What do you think the author means with his last sentence of the article? Do you agree or disagree? Discuss: In paragraph 8, what point is the author trying to make by mentioning MTV and popular artists such as P Diddy, Eminem and J. Lo?

39. Article: Bumping & Grinding • As a group, read the article entitled “Bumping and Grinding” and answer the following questions: • Is there such a thing as “inappropriate” dancing? Defend your answer by giving examples. • How do the standards of society determine whether or not certain dancing is appropriate or not? • How do adults feel about the dances being done today? Why? • Can you think of any examples of dances that were\are look down upon? Use examples from the article, your own knowledge, etc., to illustrate some dances that were once looked down upon became accepted later.