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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [TG3a Oki CFP Presentation] Date Submitted: [ 3 March, 2003] Source: [Reed Fisher] Company [Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd.]

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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

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  1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [TG3a Oki CFP Presentation] Date Submitted: [ 3 March, 2003] Source: [Reed Fisher] Company [Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd.] Address [2514 E. Maddox Rd., Buford, GA 30519 USA.] Voice:[1-770-271-0529] E-Mail:[reedfisher@juno.com] [Hiroyo Ogawa] Company [Communication Research Laboratory 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Independent Administrative Institution ] Address [3-4 Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-09847 Japan.] Voice:[81-46-847-5070], FAX[81-46-847-5079] E-Mail:[hogawa@crl.go,jp] Re : [CFP presentation] Abstract:[Millmeter-wave ad-hoc wireless system for the alternate PHY to IEEE802.15.3 MAC&PHY Standard for Alt PHY ] Purpose:[Proposal for an alternate PHY to IEEE802.15.3 MAC&PHY Standard ] Notice :This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Reed Fisher, Oki

  2. Millimeter-Wave Ad-hoc Wireless System Reed Fisher, Oki

  3. System Features • Utilizationof unlicensed millimeter-wave band - Restricted small area but high speed data rate (125Mbps) -High coexistence with the existing microwave band wireless system • Countermeasure in use of millimeter-wave band Complete cancellation of phase noise and frequency-offset by self-heterodyne transmission and detection technique Reed Fisher, Oki

  4. IP network Contents Server APT1 APT2 APT3 Spot-type ad hoc Information Distribution system MT MT MT MT MT(out of service) DEV DEV DEV PNC Application Images • Basic Ad-hoc system based on 802.15.3a applications • Ad-hoc information distribution system ad-hoc coverage area extension 　using P-P millimeter-wave link Reed Fisher, Oki

  5. Base Band (BB) & IF processing (1/2) • Basic transmission rate is 125Mbps using DQPSK. • Configuration Schemes 1) Single channel structure using one modulator. -Simple structure using a high speed modulator (125Mbps) 2) Multi-channel structure using 5 modulators. -Frequency division multiplex using low speed modulators (25Mbps) -Number of channels is 5. -Transmission rate per channel is 25Mbps (Total transmission rate is 125Mbps) -Simultaneous transmission of divided frame In the following parts of this document, the system means the multi-channel structure type unless there is particular explanation. Reed Fisher, Oki

  6. BB & IF processing BB IF Tx Input data Packet distribute MAC control C RF Channel code/decode Modulator /Demodulator BPF Rx 125Mbps f1 f1 f4 f5 f2 f3 Σ Σ 25 MHz Base Band (BB) & IF processing (2/2) 1) Single channel structure Frequency allocation of IF band 2) Multi-channel structure BB & IF processing BB IF Input data Packet distribute MAC control Tx C Channel code/decode Modulator /Demodulator BPF 25Mbps f1 Channel #1 C Modulator /Demodulator Channel code/decode BPF 25Mbps RF f2 Channel #2 C Channel code/decode Modulator /Demodulator BPF Rx 25Mbps f5 Channel #5 Reed Fisher, Oki

  7. ( )2 IF input RF processing • Transmission • Wireless transmission of both the signal and the coherent local carrier • using DSB • Reception • Complete cancellation of phase-noise and frequency -offset by • the self -heterodyne detection (square-law detection) Pt Pr Local leak DSB mixer Transmitter Receiver 2B IF output NF=F T fi fc B B B IM2 f fc-fi fc fc+fi B fi Reed Fisher, Oki

  8. PHY Frame Format (Single channel structure) 10 Byte (80 bits) 1024+4=1028 Byte (8224 bits) MAC Header Payload+FCS From MAC via PHY SAP 2 Byte (16 bits) 8224bits 2 Byte (16 bits) 10 Byte (80 bits) MAC Header HCS (Payload+FCS) PHY Header Add PHY header, Calculate HCS 112 bits 8242bits 130 bits Add Pad (Payload+FCS),Pad PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad 250 bits 9827 bits 20 bits 155 bits After channel coding (BCH(31,26)) Add Preamble Add Unique word (Payload+FCS),Pad,ch. coding Preamble Unique word PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad,channel coding DQPSK (25Mbps) Error Collection filed (BCH(31,26)) FCS : Frame Check Sequence HCS : Header Check Sequence Pad : Padding Reed Fisher, Oki

  9. PHY Frame Format(Multi-channel structure) 10 Byte (80 bits) 1024+4=1028 Byte (8224 bits) MAC Header Payload+FCS From MAC via PHY SAP 1645 bits 10 Byte (80 bits) After dividing (payload+FCS) to 5 ch (Payload+FCS) MAC Header 2 Byte (16 bits) 1645 bits 2 Byte (16 bits) 10 Byte (80 bits) MAC Header HCS (Payload+FCS) PHY Header Add PHY header, Calculate HCS 112 bits 1664 bits 130 bits Add Pad (Payload+FCS),Pad PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad 250 bits 1984 bits 20 bits 155 bits After channel coding (BCH(31,26)) Add Preamble Add Unique word Preamble Unique word PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad,channel coding (Payload+FCS),Pad,ch. coding DQPSK (25Mbps) Error Collection filed (BCH(31,26)) FCS : Frame Check Sequence HCS : Header Check Sequence Pad : Padding Reed Fisher, Oki

  10. Bluetooth IEEE 802.15.1 IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.15.3 IEEE 802.11a Center frequency 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 5.4 GHz Tx power 0 dBm 20 dBm 15 dBm Tx antenna gain (GT) 0 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi Spurious strength attenuation 47 dB 50 dB 40 dB Path loss at 0.3 meter 29.6 dB 29.6 dB 36.5 dB Rx filter attenuation of proposal system 55 dB 55 dB 42 dB Interference to the proposed system -131.6 dBm -114.6 dBm -103.5 dBm Interference and Susceptibility Interference coming from the other standard systems is negligibly small. The interference attenuation by spurious strength and filter is expected between 　　 Millimeter-wave band (802.15.3a) and Micro-wave band (other standard systems). <Calculation for interference from other standard system> （Rx filter attenuation is calculated by using N-degree Butterworth filter） Reed Fisher, Oki

  11. IEEE 802.15.3a IEEE 802.15.1 IEEE 802.15.3 IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11a Center frequency 60 GHz 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 5.3 GHz Tx Power 10 dBm 0 dBm 0 dBm 20 dBm 15 dBm Tx Antenna Gain (GT) 0 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi Rx Antenna Gain (GR) 0 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi Rx Sensitivity -70 dBm -75 dBm -76 dBm -82 dBm Spurious strength loss 50 dB Path loss at 0.3 meter 55.75 dB Interference impacted to other system from 802.15.3a -95.75 dBm Coexistence The interference impacted to microwave band systems, from this proposed systems, is sufficiently smaller than the Rx sensitivity of the microwave sys-tem. Therefore, coexistence is assured. <Calculation of interference impacted to other standard system from this proposal system> Reed Fisher, Oki

  12. 17μsec 79.4μsec(DQPSK) 10μsec Preamble SD PHY-HDR MAC-HDR HCS Payload FCS SIFS Preamble Preamble SD SD PHY-HDR PHY-HDR MAC-HDR MAC-HDR HCS HCS Payload Payload FCS FCS MIFS MIFS Payload Bit Rate and Data Throughput Data Throughput Payload bit Rate Modulation Single Frame Multi frame 125Mbps 77Mbps (61.6%) 82Mbps (65.6%) DQPSK Throughput = 5channel×Throughput per channel Throughput per channel N×Payload＿bits = N×Frame Length＋SIFS＋（N-1）×MIFS Where, Payload_bit=1024/5byte, N =1(single), 5(multi)，SIFS=10μsec, MIFS=2μsec Frame Length= 409μsec(DQPSK) (1) Single Frame (2) Multi frame Payload FCS SIFS 96.4μsec 2μsec 10μsec Reed Fisher, Oki

  13. Simultaneously Operating Piconets - Co-channel separation distance (dint) is about 7.94 m, from the following calculation. - Each parameter is referred to link budget. - Calculation is as follows. - Tx antenna gain = Rx antenna gain = 8 dBi Piconet1 Piconet2 MS MS MS Interference signal : I Desired signal : S At Tx antenna gain = Rx antenna gain = 8 dBi Interference Transmitters Test Receiver Reference Transmitter Tx antenna gain : 8 dBi dint Path loss at 1 meter : 68 dB Rx antenna gain : 8 dBi Tx power :10 dBm -42 dBm System loss : 13 dB -50 dBm -55 dBm -60.3 dBm SNR 12.7 dB Proposal Min. Rx level:-66.3 dBm Path loss at dint meter= 18 dB -73 dBm -73 dBm ( dint meter= 7.94 m) Reed Fisher, Oki

  14. Signal Acquisition (1/2) • Miss detect probability of AWGN channel • - Miss detect probability (Pmd) is probability which causes bit error more than 2 bits. • - 1 bit error is permitted to detect unique word. • - Eb/N0 = 6.7 dB at Pmd=8 x 10-2 • - Calculation of Pmd is as follows • BER (Bit Error Rate) = 1/2 erfc{ 2(Eb/N0)1/2 sin(p/8) } • Pmd_1ch = 1 - {(1 - BER)x + (1 - BER)(x-1)* BER *x} • x = unique word length (=20) for 1 channel • Pmd = 1 - (1 - Pmd_1th ch) (1 - Pmd_2nd ch) (1 - Pmd_3rd ch) (1 - Pmd_4th ch) (1 - Pmd_5th ch) • It is assumed that Pmd_1th ch = Pmd_2nd ch = Pmd_3rd ch= Pmd_4th ch = Pmd_5th ch • Pmd = 1 - (1 - Pmd_1 ch)5 Reed Fisher, Oki

  15. Signal Acquisition (2/2) • False alarm probability of AWGN channel • - False alarm probability (Pfa) is probability which detect unique ward after PHY Header. • - Pfa = 1.02 x 10-2 • - Calculation of Pfa is as follows • Pfa_1ch= 0.520 x 2139= 2.04 x 10-3 • 20 = unique word length • 2139 = (length from PHY Header to FCS with including FEC per 1ch) • Pfa = 1 - (1 - Pfa_1th ch) (1 - Pfa_2nd ch) (1 - Pfa_3rd ch) (1 - Pfa_4th ch) (1 - Pfa_5th ch) • It is assumed that Pfa_1th ch = Pfa_2nd ch = Pfa_3rd ch= Pfa_4th ch = Pfa_5th ch • Pfa=1 - (1 - Pfa_1ch)5 = 1 –(1 – 2.04 x 10-3)5 = 1.02 x 10-2 • 5 = Number of channel Reed Fisher, Oki

  16. System Performance (1/3) • Required Eb/N0 for PER 8 % in AWGN channel - RequiredEb/N0 9.7dB (125Mbps, DQPSK) - Calculation of Psys is as follows BER1 = 1/2 erfc{ 2(Eb/N0)1/2 sin(p/8) } for DQPSK BER2= 45BER12 (BER2 is Bit Error Rate after BCH(31,26)) P1 = miss detection error (Pmd 1ch) P2 = probability which causes error from PHY Header to HCS (Length = m bit) = 1 – (1 – BER2)m P3 = probability which causes error from Payload to FCS (Length = n bit) = 1 – (1 –BER2)n PER (Psys1ch) for 1 channel is as follows Psys1ch = P1 + P2 + P3= P1 + (1 – P1)*P2 + [1 – {P1 + (1 – P1)*P2}]*P3 Psys = 1 - (1 - Psys_1th ch) (1 - Psys_2nd ch) (1 - Psys_3rd ch) (1 - Psys_4th ch) (1 - Psys_5th ch) It is assumed that Psys_1th ch = Psys_2nd ch = Psys_3rd ch= Psys_4th ch = Psys_5th ch Psys = 1 - (1 - Psys_1 ch)5 Reed Fisher, Oki

  17. System Performance (2/3) • PERvs Eb/N0 characteristics of AWGN channel At 125 Mbps (DQPSK) Reed Fisher, Oki

  18. System Performance (3/3) • PER vs Distance characteristics of AWGN channel • - By using PER-Eb/N0 characteristics, PER-Distance characteristics are calculated. • - Parameters such as center frequency, propagation loss are referred to link budget. • - PER at d = 10 m is less than 10-5 At 125 Mbps (DQPSK) Reed Fisher, Oki

  19. Sensitivity Receiver Sensitivity= Noise Power+Required Eb/N0 +Modulation Loss +Self-heterodyne Loss+Channel Multiplex Loss Bit Rate Term Note 125Mbps(DQPSK) -92dBm Noise Power -174dBHz+10log10(25MHz)+8dB(NF) Required Eb/No PER <8% 9.7dB Modulation Loss 3dB 6dB Self- heterodyne Loss 10log10 (4) 7dB 10log10(5) Channel Multiplex Loss Receiver Sensitivity -66.3dBm Reed Fisher, Oki

  20. Link Budget • - Link budget is calculated for antenna gain 0 dBi • case and 8 dBi case. • - Link margin is as follows. • Link margin = -12 dB (antenna gain 0 dBi) • Link margin = 4 dB (antenna gain 8 dBi) • From link budget, directional antenna is necessary • for millimeter-wave band system. Reed Fisher, Oki

  21. Regulatory Compliance Geographical Region Transmission Power Limit Frequency band Regulatory 10dBm 59GHz-66GHz Radio Regulatory Law Article 4.3 Enforcement Regulatory Article 6.4 Japan 57GHz-64GHz 47 CFR 15.225(e) USA 10dBm Reed Fisher, Oki

  22. Scalability • 125 Mbps data rate is supported by multi-channel (25 Mbps×5 channel). • At 125 Mbps, DQPSK modulation/demodulation is used. • When the desired rate is less than 125 Mbps, it is provided by decreasing • the number of active RF channel. • When the desired rate is greater than 125 Mbps, it could be provided by • changing modulation method(see appendix). Reed Fisher, Oki

  23. CRITERIA REF. IMPORTANCE LEVEL PROPOSER RESPONSE Unit Manufacturing Complexity (UMC) 3.1 B 0 Signal Robustness Interference And Susceptibility 3.2.2 A + Coexistence 3.2.3 A + Technical Feasibility Manufacturability 3.3.1 A + Time To Market 3.3.2 A 0 Regulatory Impact 3.3.3 A + Scalability (i.e. Payload Bit Rate/Data Throughput, Channelization – physical or coded, Complexity, Range, Frequencies of Operation, Bandwidth of Operation, Power Consumption) 3.4 A 0 Location Awareness 3.5 C - Self-Evaluation -General Solution Criteria- Reed Fisher, Oki

  24. CRITERIA REF. IMPORTANCE LEVEL PROPOSER RESPONSE Size And Form Factor 5.1 B 0 PHY-SAP Payload Bit Rate & Data Throughput Payload Bit Rate 5.2.1 A + Packet Overhead 5.2.2 A + PHY-SAP Throughput 5.2.3 A + Simultaneously Operating Piconets 5.3 A 0 Signal Acquisition 5.4 A 0 System Performance 5.5 A + Link Budget 5.6 A + Sensitivity 5.7 A 0 Power Management Modes 5.8 B 0 Power Consumption 5.9 A 0 Antenna Practicality 5.10 B 0 Self-Evaluation -PHY Protocol Criteria- Reed Fisher, Oki

  25. CRITERIA REF. IMPORTANCE LEVEL PROPOSER RESPONSE MAC Enhancements And Modifications 4.1. C 0 Self-Evaluation -MAC Protocol Enhancement Criteria- Reed Fisher, Oki

  26. Appendix Optional proposal for 250 Mbps Reed Fisher, Oki

  27. PHY Frame Format(Single channel structure) 10 Byte (80 bits) 1024+4=1028 Byte (8224 bits) MAC Header Payload+FCS From MAC via PHY SAP 2 Byte (16 bits) 8224bits 2 Byte (16 bits) 10 Byte (80 bits) MAC Header HCS (Payload+FCS) PHY Header Add PHY header, Calculate HCS 112 bits 8242bits 130 bits Add Pad (Payload+FCS),Pad PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad 250 bits 9827 bits 20 bits 155 bits After channel coding (BCH(31,26)) Add Preamble Add Unique word (Payload+FCS),Pad,ch. coding Preamble Unique word PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad,channel coding DQPSK (25Mbps) 16QAM (50Mbps) Error Collection filed (BCH(31,26)) FCS : Frame Check Sequence HCS : Header Check Sequence Pad : Padding Reed Fisher, Oki

  28. PHY Frame Format(Multi-channel structure) 10 Byte (80 bits) 1024+4=1028 Byte (8224 bits) MAC Header Payload+FCS From MAC via PHY SAP 1645 bits 10 Byte (80 bits) After dividing (payload+FCS) to 5 ch (Payload+FCS) MAC Header 2 Byte (16 bits) 1645 bits 2 Byte (16 bits) 10 Byte (80 bits) MAC Header HCS (Payload+FCS) PHY Header Add PHY header, Calculate HCS 112 bits 1664 bits 130 bits Add Pad (Payload+FCS),Pad PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad 250 bits 1984 bits 20 bits 155 bits After channel coding (BCH(31,26)) Add Preamble Add Unique word Preamble Unique word PHY Header, Mac Header, HCS,Pad,channel coding (Payload+FCS),Pad,ch. coding DQPSK (25Mbps) 16QAM (50Mbps) Error Collection filed (BCH(31,26)) FCS:Frame Check Sequence HCS:Header Check Sequence Pad : Padding Reed Fisher, Oki

  29. 17μsec 39.7μsec(16QAM) 10μsec Preamble SD PHY-HDR MAC-HDR HCS Payload FCS SIFS Preamble Preamble SD SD PHY-HDR PHY-HDR MAC-HDR MAC-HDR HCS HCS Payload Payload FCS FCS MIFS MIFS Payload Bit Rate and Data Throughput Data Throughput Payload bit Rate Modulation Single Frame Multiframe 122.9Mbps (49.2%) 135.9Mbps (54.4%) 250Mbps 16QAM Throughput = 5channel×Throughput per channel Throughput per channel N×Payload＿bits = N×Frame Length＋SIFS＋（N-1）×MIFS Where, Payload_bit=1024/5byte, N =1(single), 5(multi)，SIFS=10μsec, MIFS=2μsec Frame Length=213μsec(16QAM) (1) Single Frame (2) Multi frame Payload FCS SIFS 56.7μsec 2μsec 10μsec Reed Fisher, Oki

  30. Simultaneously Operating Piconets - Co-channel separation distance (dint) is about 7.94 m, from the following calculation. - Each parameter is referred to link budget. - Calculation is as follows. - Tx antenna gain = Rx antenna gain = 8 dBi Piconet1 Piconet2 MS MS MS Interference signal : I Desired signal : S At Tx antenna gain = Rx antenna gain = 8 dBi Interference Transmitters Test Receiver Reference Transmitter Tx antenna gain : 8 dBi dint Path loss at 1 meter : 68 dB Rx antenna gain : 8 dBi Tx power :10 dBm -42 dBm System loss : 13 dB -50 dBm -55.8 dBm -55 dBm Proposal Min. Rx level:-61.8 dBm SNR 17.2 dB Path loss at dint meter= 18 dB -73 dBm -73 dBm ( dint meter= 7.94 m) Reed Fisher, Oki

  31. System Performance (1/3) • Required Eb/N0 for PER 8 % in AWGN channel - RequiredEb/N0 11.2dB (250Mbps/16QAM) - Calculation of Psys is as follows BER1 = 1/2 erfc{ 2(Eb/N0)1/2 sin(p/8) } for DQPSK from (Preamble to HCS) BER1= (3/8) erfc((CNR/10)1/2) for 16QAM for (Payload+FCS) BER2= 45BER12 (BER2 is Bit Error Rate after BCH(31,26)) P1 = miss detection error (Pmd 1ch) P2 = probability which causes error from PHY Header to HCS (Length = m bit) = 1 – (1 – BER2)m P3 = probability which causes error from Payload to FCS (Length = n bit) = 1 – (1 –BER2)n PER (Psys1ch) for 1 channel is as follows Psys1ch = P1 + P2 + P3= P1 + (1 – P1)*P2 + [1 – {P1 + (1 – P1)*P2}]*P3 Psys = 1 - (1 - Psys_1th ch) (1 - Psys_2nd ch) (1 - Psys_3rd ch) (1 - Psys_4th ch) (1 - Psys_5th ch) It is assumed that Psys_1th ch = Psys_2nd ch = Psys_3rd ch= Psys_4th ch = Psys_5th ch Psys = 1 - (1 - Psys_1 ch)5 Reed Fisher, Oki

  32. System Performance (2/3) • PERvs Eb/N0 characteristics of AWGN channel At 250 Mbps (16QAM) Reed Fisher, Oki

  33. System Performance (3/3) • PER vs Distance characteristics of AWGN channel • - By using PER-Eb/N0 characteristics, PER-Distance characteristics are calculated. • - Parameters such as center frequency, propagation loss are referred to link budget. • - PER at d = 4 m is less than 10-4. At 250 Mbps (16QAM) Reed Fisher, Oki

  34. Sensitivity Receiver Sensitivity= Noise Power+Required Eb/No +Modulation Loss +Self-heterodyne Loss+Channel Multiplex Loss Bit Rate Term Note 250Mbps(16QAM) -92dBm Noise Power -174dBHz+10log10(25MHz)+8dB(NF) 11.2dB Required Eb/No PER <8% Modulation Loss 6dB 6dB Self- heterodyne Loss 10log10 (4) 7dB 10log10(5) Channel Multiplex Loss Receiver Sensitivity -61.8dBm Reed Fisher, Oki

  35. Link Budget for 250 Mbps Reed Fisher, Oki

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