1 / 16

Trait approaches to personality

Trait approaches to personality. Gabija Kiburtai tė Psbns09-02. Trait theory – a model of personality that seeks to identify the basic traits necessary to describe personality. Traits – consistent personality characteristics and behaviors displayed in different situations. Four Temperaments.

ziv
Télécharger la présentation

Trait approaches to personality

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Trait approaches to personality Gabija Kiburtaitė Psbns09-02

  2. Trait theory – a model of personality that seeks to identify the basic traits necessary to describe personality. • Traits – consistent personality characteristics and behaviors displayed in different situations.

  3. Four Temperaments • Developed by Hyppocrates (460-370 BC) as medical theory • I. Pavlov researched how dogs with different temperaments reacts to stimuli • Sanguine • Choleric • Melancholic • Phlegmatic

  4. Sixteen Personality factors • Developed by R. Cattell (1965) using factors analysis • List of all 16 traits: • Vigilance • Abstractedness • Privateness • Apprehension • Openness to Change • Self-Reliance • Perfectionism • Tension • Warm • Reasoning • Emotional Stability • Dominance • Liveliness • Rule-Consciousness • Social Boldness • Sensitivity

  5. Eyesenck’s Theory • This theory was also developed using factors analysis. • R. Cattell used inductive method, while H. Eyesenck used deductive one. • 3 main personality traits: extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism. • These 3 traits are largely unrelated.

  6. The Five Factor Model • Five-factor personality inventory was created in 1985 by P. T. Costa and R. R. McCare. • Main 5 personality traits are Extraversion, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Agreebleness and Openness to experience. • These 5 factors can be abbreviated as OCEAN. • Each of 5 factors has 6 subfactors called facets. • The Big Five is the most popular and influential trait approach today.

  7. Extraversion • Extraversion means energy, positive emotions and the tendency to seek stimulation in the company of others.

  8. Neuroticism • Neuroticism is an enduring tendency to experience negative emotional states. Neuroticism

  9. Conscientiousness • Conscientiousness includes traits like being organized and planful.

  10. Which room’s owner more likely has high conscientiousness? Which one of 6 facets of conscientiousness these pictures represent?

  11. Agreebleness • Agreebleness trait distinguishes soft-hearted people from ruthless ones.

  12. Openness to experience • Openness to experience trait distinguishes people who prefer variety from whose who prefer familiar and traditional things. Itincludes traits like having wide interests and being imaginative.

  13. Conclusions • Everyone has the same personality traits at varying degree. • There are many different trait theories, but no one of them can encompass the whole personality. • Trait theories allow easy comparison between individuals. • Trait theories only describe personality – they do not explain it.

  14. References • Feldman R. S. Understanding Psychology. 9th ed. // McGraw-Hill: Higher Education, Boston, 2009. • Ryckman R. M. Theories of personality. 9thed. // Thomson Wadsworth, Belmont, 2008. • Feist J., Feist G. J. Theories of personality. 7thed. // McGraw- Hill, Boston, 2006. • Engler B. Personality Theories: An Introduction.8thed. // Wadsworth: Cengage Learning, Belmont, 2009. • Pictures: • http://www.creativeclass.com/creative_class/_wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/personality.jpg • http://edtechvision.wikispaces.com/file/view/Holland03Jobs.gif/32785499/Holland03Jobs.gif • http://www.committedmarriage.com/images/Personality.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Four_temperament.PNG • http://www.greekmedicine.net/images/Individual%20Temperament.jpg • http://thebloggersdesktop.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/personality_business_owners.jpg • http://www.savagechickens.com/images/chickenextravert.jpg • http://lazylaces.brinkster.net/pics/center_tidy_room.jpg • http://www.slimyfish.net/images/blog/messy.jpg • http://www.trans4mind.com/personality/eysenck_chart.png • http://is1.okcupid.com/users/800/424/8014240653472578259/mt1166926835.jpg • http://customersrock.files.wordpress.com/2007/06/people.jpg • http://www.davidgeere.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/MessyDesk.jpg • http://www.nancysteinbockposters.com/posters/images/friendliness.jpg • http://www.toxel.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/mutabledesigns24.jpg

More Related