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The seafarer

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The seafarer

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  1. THE WANDERER, THE SEAFARER, THE WIFE’S LAMENT Analyzes reading materials using outlining, paraphrasing, summarizing, and comparing perspectives by demonstrating a critical analysis of history and the literature studied in class working in groups and/or individually.

  2. Vocabulary • Exile: separationorbanishmentfromone’s native country, region, or home. • Wanderer: A personwhotravelsaimlessly; a traveler • Woe – Woefully: Great sorrowordistress • Weary: Feelingorshowingtiredness, especially as a resultofexcessiveexertionorlackofsleep. • Grievous: causing or characterized by severe pain, suffering, or sorrow a grievous wound a grievous loss. • Churning: toshakeoragitatewithviolence • Oar: a long pole with a broad blade at one end used for propelling or steering a boat • Wailed: to make a sound suggestive of a mournful cry • Wretched: deeply afflicted, dejected, or distressed in body or mind • Winsome: generally pleasing and engaging often because of a childlike charm and innocence • Slumber: tosleeplightly • Assaileth: toattackviolently • 0ft: often

  3. Part of The Exeter Book The Exeter Book was given to Exeter Cathedral in the 11th century. It contained a collection of Anglo-Saxon manuscripts.

  4. Nothing is known about the authors of “The Seafarer,” “The Wanderer,” and “The Wife’s Lament.” All three poems survive in the Exeter Book, a manuscript of Anglo-Saxon poems produced by a single scribe around a.d. 950. In addition to these and other secular poems, the Exeter Book contains religious verse, nearly 100 riddles, and a heroic narrative. It is the largest collection of Old English poetry in existence. Neglected Treasure Originally, the Exeter Book belonged to Leofric the first bishop of Exeter. He donated it to the Exeter Cathedral library sometime between 1050 and 1072. For several centuries, the book was neglected and abused; few people were able to read the Old English language in which it was written and thus had little use for it. Some pages are badly stained or scorched. The original binding and an unknown number of pages are lost.Rediscovery With the rise of Anglo-Saxon studies in the 19th century, scholars began to take an interest in the Exeter Book. Benjamin Thorpe published the first complete translation in 1842. He assigned titles to “The Seafarer” and “The Wanderer,” as none of the poems in the manuscript had titles. The original manuscript still resides at the library at Exeter Cathedral, where it is cherished as one of the few surviving collections of Anglo-Saxon poetry.

  5. The Seafarer – the cold, hard facts • Can be considered an elegy, or mournful, contemplative poem. • Can also be considered a planctus, or “complaint.” This would involve a fictional speaker and a subject that may have experienced a loss other than death. • Regardless, the expression of strong emotion is the key.

  6. The Seafarer – the cold, hard facts cont. What the poem has that most Anglo-Saxon poems also have: Caesuras – pause in a line Alliteration joins the 2 parts of the line Kennings – metaphorical phrases

  7. The Seafarer – the cold, hard facts • Caesura and alliteration in action “The only sound / was the roaring sea” • Kennings “coldest seeds” = hail “givers of gold” = Anglo-Saxon kings

  8. The Seafarer – the cold, hard facts A wraecca tells his tale; he is at sea. (A “wraecca” was a person who had been exiled from his community.) Poem highlights the balance between the Anglo-Saxon belief in fate, where everything is grim and overpowering, and the Christian believer’s reliance on God.

  9. The Seafarer – the cold, hard facts • The land represents safety and security. • The sea represents hardship and struggle, but the man is drawn to it because it brings him closer to God. The sea represents the power of God. • “Home” represents heaven or being closer to God.

  10. The following lines you’ll want to be able to define. (understand = test) “Nothing Golden shakes the Wrath of God.” “Sweated in the cold of an anxious watch” The Seafarer – the cold, hard facts

  11. The Seafarer – literary criticism • Some believe that the poem has 2 speakers. One who makes a personal “complaint” and a second who comments on the condition described by the first. • The second speaker emphasizes man’s relationship with the divine rather than one man’s personal plight.

  12. The Seafarer – literary criticism However, Michael Alexander, a literary critic, believes it is not a dialogue. “The poem is a soliloquy: a wraecca that tells of the many winters [he] spent at sea, and the hardship he has borne.”

  13. Don’t stop at the end of a line, stop at the punctuation mark. The end of the line has to do with the “beat” of the line; it has nothing to do with the “meaning” of the line. Reading to the punctuation mark is called enjambment. Reading Poetry – in general

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