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Intrinsic and Applied Unique Identifiers

PNNL-SA-141761. Intrinsic and Applied Unique Identifiers. Keith Tolk , Milagro Consulting Jacob Benz, PNNL Matt MacDougall, PNNL. Seals vs. Unique Identifiers (UIDs). Seals: Can serve as substitute for treaty accountable item (TAI) Provides evidence of TAI integrity

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Intrinsic and Applied Unique Identifiers

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  1. PNNL-SA-141761 Intrinsic and Applied Unique Identifiers Keith Tolk, Milagro Consulting Jacob Benz, PNNL Matt MacDougall, PNNL

  2. Seals vs. Unique Identifiers (UIDs) • Seals: • Can serve as substitute for treaty accountable item (TAI) • Provides evidence of TAI integrity • Self tamper indicating and identifies itself • Can be passive, active, adhesive, loop • UIDs: • Mechanism to identify and track TAIs • Provides evidence of TAI authenticity • Self tamper indicating • Can be electronic, physical, applied or intrinsic • Seals can function as a UID, but not all UIDs can function as a seal

  3. For New START: Serial Numbers Examples Applied UID: Reflective Particle Tag on Metal Intrinsic UID: Ultrasonic Intrinsic Tag Applied UID: E-Cup Intrinsic UID: Eddy Current of Weld

  4. Applied UIDs • Pros • Flexible in application and location • Variability in forms to accommodate multiple situations • Usually includes human readable component • Familiarity may lead to easier certification • Established and well-vetted • Cons • May be easier to remove and replace • Able to interrogate • Not integral to TAI • Potential for wear and tear or operational impact • May be environmentally sensitive

  5. Intrinsic UIDs • Pros • Difficult to counterfeit or tamper with • Utilizes inherent characteristics of material • No operational impact • Robust to operational environment – to limits of material • Cons • May require complex equipment • More difficult certification? • May not include visible or human readable component • May require touching item for confirmation • Less flexibility on application or location – constrained by material and features

  6. Conclusions • UIDs are important for maintaining confidence in TAI authenticity and establishing evidence of treaty compliance • Allows for accounting of all declared items • Mechanism for assuring treaty limits are being met • Allows for ability to confirm correctness of declarations • Opportunities for both types of UIDs • Intrinsic offers security from counterfeiting or substitution of TAI • Applied offers ease and flexibility of use • Trade-offs should be weighed against monitoring objectives

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