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OVERVIEW ON LOCATIONS CONTAINING A BATH OR SHOWER

2. The risks Scope The zones Supplementary bonding Wiring systems Switchgear and controlgear Fixed current-using equipment Other equipment, example, washing machines. 601. OVERVIEW ON LOCATIONS CONTAINING A BATH OR SHOWER. 601. 2.

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OVERVIEW ON LOCATIONS CONTAINING A BATH OR SHOWER

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  1. 2 The risks Scope The zones Supplementary bonding Wiring systems Switchgear and controlgear Fixed current-using equipment Other equipment, example, washing machines 601 OVERVIEW ON LOCATIONS CONTAININGA BATH OR SHOWER

  2. 601 2 THE RISKSPersons in bathrooms are particularly at risk because of a reduction of body impedance due to: a) lack of clothing, particularly footwearb) presence of water reducing contact resistancec) immersion in water, reducing total body resistanced) ready availability of earthed metale) increased contact area

  3. 2 601 SCOPE • Applies to locations containing baths or showers. • Does not apply to emergency facilities in industrial areas and laboratories. • Special requirements for medical treatment, or for disabled persons. • Bedrooms with a shower cubicle - requirements for bathrooms are to be met except that socket-outlets are allowed in bedrooms provided they are outside of zones 0, 1, 2 or 3 and protected by an RCD, also, Supplementary bonding, is only required in zones 1 and 2.

  4. 2 zone 2 zone 1 2.25 m 2.4 m 0.6 m zone 3 zone 2 zone 1 zone 2 zone3 zone 2 zone 3 601

  5. 2 601 THE ZONES • Zones 0, 1, 2 and 3 provide a method of specifying • requirements for protection against the ingress of water and • protection against electric shock, supplementary bonding, etc • The zones are determined taking account of walls, doors, fixed • partitions, ceilings and floors.

  6. 2 601

  7. 2 601 WIRING SYSTEMS • Metal conduit and metal trunking wiring systems are allowed in the zones of bathrooms provided they are supplementary bonded within the zones. • They do not have to supply equipment within the zones.

  8. 2 601 Supplementary Bonding • Local supplementary equipotential bonding complying with Reg 547-03 shall be provided. • Connecting together the terminal of the protective conductor of each circuit supplying Class I and Class II equipment in zones 1, 2 or 3, and extraneous-conductive-parts in these zones. • The supplementary equipotential bonding may be provided in close proximity to the location.

  9. 2 601 Figure showing Supplementary Bonding in a bathroom – metal pipe installation with soldered joints providing reliable electrical continuity

  10. 601 2 Switchgear and Controlgear • Switches other than those for SELV circuits are not allowed in zones 0, 1, or 2. • This does not apply to switches and controls incorporated into fixed equipment suitable for use in the zones. • Socket-outlets Other than SELV and shaver sockets are not allowed in bathrooms or shower rooms, whatever the size of the room.

  11. 2 601 • A plate switch is allowed within zone 3 and outside the zones of a bathroom. • A switch should be at least 0.6 metres from the edge of the bath or shower and must be suitable for the location. It is recommended that plate switches be installed outside of zone 3. • The cords of cord-operated switches are allowed in zones 1, 2 and 3.

  12. 2 601 Fixed current-using equipment • Fixed current-using equipment may be installed in zones 1, 2, 3 and outside the zones but there are specific requirements for degrees of protection and it may be necessary to protect the circuit with an RCD. • 230 V equipment may be installed in the above zones provided it has the appropriate IP rating and is suitable for use in the zone.

  13. 2 601 Extractor Fans • A suitable 230 V extractor fan may be installed in zones 1 and 2 as well as zone 3 and outside the zones. • Must be IPX4 in zone 1 or 2 • An extractor fan supplied from a lighting circuit for a bathroom without a window should have its own means of isolation, as otherwise replacement or maintenance of the fan would have to be carried out in the dark.

  14. 2 601 Example of duct mounted extract fan Extractor Fans

  15. 2 601 Electric Showers Electric showers and electric shower pumps should comply with BS EN 60335-2-35 and BS EN 60335-2-41 respectively. Usually suitable for installation within zone 1. Not required by BS 7671 to be protected by an RCD, however, often shower manufacturers recommend an RCD Normal practice to provide an isolation switch within the bathroom. The switch must be installed outside zones 0, 1 and 2 although the cord of cord operatedswitches may reach into zones 1 or 2.

  16. 2 601 Other Equipmenteg: washing machines and tumble dryers Washing machines and tumble dryers may be installed in a bathroom (if suitable) provided they are: • Installed outside zones 0, 1 and 2 • Supplied from a switched fused flex outlet installed outside zones 0, 1 and 2 • Protected by a 30 mA RCD.

  17. 2 602 2. OVERVIEW ON LOCATIONS CONTAINING SWIMMING POOLS Swimming Pools • The risks • Scope • Summary of the additional supplementaryrequirements placed by Section 602 of BS 7671. • The future – 17th edition.

  18. 2 602 The Risks • Persons in swimming pools are particularly at risk because of a reduction in body resistance and contact of the body with earth potential.

  19. 2 602 Scope • The particular requirements of this section shall apply to basins of swimming pools and paddling pools and their surrounding zones. • Special requirements may be necessary for swimming pools for medical use.

  20. 602 2 SUMMARY OF THE ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS PLACED BY SECTION 602 OF BS 7671 • The swimming pool and its surrounding area is divided into three zones, A, B and C.

  21. 602 2 Examples of zone dimensions (plan) with fixed partitions of height at least 2.5 m 1.5 Zone C Dimensions in metres r1= 2 r2= r1 - (s1 + s2) r3= 3.5 r4= r3 - (s1 + s2) r5= r3 - (s3 + s4) r3 r1 2.0 Zone B r2 s1 r4 Zone A r4 r1 r1 s3 r3 r2 s2 s4 r5 zone A – IPX8 zone B – IPX5 – IPX4 – where water jets are not likely to be used for cleaningzone C – IPX2 – for indoor pools – IPX4 – for outdoor pools – IPX5 – where water jets are likely to be used for cleaning.

  22. 602 2 Fig 602A - Zone dimensions for swimming pools and paddling pools 1.5 m 1.5 m 2.5 m Volume Volume Volume Volume 2.5 m zone C zone B zone B zone C Volume zone A Volume zone A 1.5 m 2.0 m 2.0 m 1.5 m Volume zone A Note: The dimensions are measured taking account of walls and fixed partitions

  23. 2 602 • Local supplementary equipotential bonding is required in all three zones. Where there is a metal grid in the floor, it must be connected to the local supplementary bonding. • With permitted exceptions, in zones A and B the only protective measure against electric shock allowed is SELV at a nominal voltage not exceeding 12 volts a.c. rms or 30 volts d.c.

  24. 2 602 • There are particular IP minimum requirements for the zones: zone A – IPX8 zone B – IPX5 -IPX4 – where water jets are not likely to be used for cleaning zone C – IPX2 – for indoor pools - IPX4 – for outdoor pools - IPX5 – where water jets are likely to be used for cleaning.

  25. 2 602 In zones A and B no surface metal conduit or trunking is allowed nor is the exposed metallic cable sheath of an armoured cable or an exposed earthing conductor.

  26. 2 602 • In zones A and B there should be no switchgear, controlgear, or accessories including socket-outlets, with a permitted exception for socket-outlets (BS EN 60309-2) in smaller pools for cleaning purposes with RCD protection or supplied from a safety isolating transformer – see section 602. • In zone C socket-outlets are allowed provided they are protected by an RCD and are of an industrial type to BS 4343 or BS EN 60309-2.

  27. 602 2 electricity supply • A distributor may not provide a PME earthing terminal for an installation such as that of a swimming pool. • The installation designer may decide not to employ it because of the possibility of perceived electric shock within the installation or the possible danger from a broken PEN conductor. • IEE Guidance Note 5 recommends: Where a swimming pool forms part of a residence, all metalwork and pipes supplying the pool should be connected to an earth electrode and segregated from the rest of the building. An RCD should then be used to protect the supplies to the pool area and the swimming pool installation treated as part of the TT system.

  28. 2 603 Overview of hot air saunas • The risks • Scope • Shock protection • The wiring • The zones • Heating elements

  29. 2 603 The risks • Increased risk of electric shock because of extremely high humidity, lack of clothing, reduced skin resistance and large contact areas • Very high temperatures in certain zones. Scope of section 603 • Applies only to those where the sauna equipment complies with BS EN 60335-2-53 : 1997 – Electric sauna heating appliances.

  30. 2 603 Shock protection • The requirements for protection against direct and indirect contact in saunas are similar to those for bathrooms and swimming pools. The wiring • All wiring should be carried out in flexible cables or cords, having 180 °C rubber insulation, complying with BS 7919 : 2001, and using insulated wiring enclosures complying with general Class II requirements.

  31. 603 2 The Zones • The zones are temperature zones, dimensioned down from the ceiling, up from the floor and around the sauna. This allows application of the zones whatever the size of the sauna cabin.

  32. 2 603 Heating elements • Heating elements incorporated in a sauna may absorb moisture and cause the operation of a 30 mA RCD, if installed. • If it is wished to install a 30 mA RCD, it is wise to check its suitability with the heating equipment manufacturer and that the elements installed are suitable forprotection by a 30 mA device.

  33. 604 2 Overview of construction site installations • The risks • Scope • Supplies • Reduced low voltage • Isolation and switching • Protection against the weather and dust • Inspection and testing

  34. 604 2 The Risks The risk of electric shock is high on a construction site because : 1. of the possibility of damage to cables and equipment 2. of the wide use of hand tools with trailing leads 3. of the accessibility of many extraneous-conductive- parts, which cannot practically be bonded 4. the works are generally open to the elements.

  35. 2 604 Scope • Section 604 applies to all sites of construction work including the repair or alteration of existing buildings and demolition work. Supplies • May be difficult to satisfy the electricity distributors bonding requirements because of the large number of parts of the building works that are extraneous-conductive-parts a therefore PME earthing terminal may not be provided • Distributor may offer a TN-S supply to large sites requiring their own substation.

  36. 604 2 Reduced Low Voltage Supplies for Construction Sites BS 7671 requires the use of reduced low voltage supplies for all portable equipment, small mobile plant and local lighting up to 2 kW. 110 V reduced low voltage supplies with the centre point of the secondary winding of the step-down transformer earthed, limit the voltage to earth to 55 volts for single-phase supplies and 63.5 volts to earth for three-phase equipment Limiting the voltage to 55 or 63.5 volts between a live conductor and earth effectively eliminates the risk of dangerous electric shock to exposed-conductive-parts

  37. 604 2 Isolation and Switching Section 604 repeats emergency switching requirements of Section 463 that emergency switching shall be provided on the supply to all the equipment from which it may be necessary to disconnect all live conductors in order to remove a hazard. The requirement is to provide emergency switching where there is a need to remove a hazard, and the switching requirement is for disconnection of all live conductors, that is including the neutral. Every circuit supplying equipment shall be fed from a distribution assembly complying with BS EN 60439-4 and BS 4363.

  38. 2 604 Protection against the weather and dust • Equipment for external use must be at least IP44. Inspection and testing Fixed installation: • It is recommended that the maximum period between inspections of construction site installations is 3 months. • Fixed installation RCDs should additionally be tested daily (using the integral test button). Should RCDs be used to protect portable equipment they must be tested by the operative before each period of use (using the integral test button) and by the responsible person every 3 months (using an RCD tester).

  39. 605 2 Overview of Agricultural & Horticultural Premises • Scope • The risks • Electricity supplies • Protection against electric shock • Earth electrode resistances • Protection against fire • External influences

  40. 605 - Overview of Agricultural & Horticultural Premises Scope • applies to all parts of fixed installations, (such as stables, chicken-houses houses, piggeries, feed-processing locations, lofts and storage areas for hay, straw and fertilizers). • the dwellings are excluded from the scope of this section.

  41. 605 - Overview of Agricultural & Horticultural Premises • Risks: • general accessibility of extraneous-conductive-parts and impracticality of supplementary or main bonding such extraneous parts • Harsh environment - mechanical damage, exposure to the weather, corrosive effects - water, animal urine, etc • a mechanically hazardous area due to electromechanical • equipment, mills and mixers, and mechanical drives of all kinds • rodent damage - leading to fire risks • storage of flammable materials e.g. straw and grain.

  42. 606 2 Overview of Restrictive Conductive Locations • The risks • Scope • The particular requirements

  43. 606 - Overview of Restrictive Conductive Locations • includes boiler shells, cable gantries, small tunnels, metal sewers etc. constructed mainly of metallic or conductive parts and within it movement is restricted. • Risks - little opportunity to move away from the shock, Contact resistance is low due to high contact areas and perspiration, so that body currents are high and the risk of ventricular fibrillation is high

  44. 606 - Overview of Restrictive Conductive Locations particular requirements: Protection against indirect contact one of the following: • 1) SELV with insulation and/or barriers, • 2) automatic disconnection of supply augmented by supplementary bonding, • 3) electrical separation with only one item of equipment connected to each secondary winding, • 4) the use of Class II equipment further protected by a 30 mA RCD.

  45. 607 2 Overview of Earthing Requirements for the Installation of Equipment having high protective conductor currents • The risks • Scope • The particular requirements

  46. Overview of Earthing Requirements for the Installation of Equipment having high protective conductor currents • Scope: • The requirements of this section apply to : • 1) equipment between the final circuit wiring and current-using • equipment where the protective conductor current exceeds 3.5 mA • 2) final circuits where the accumulated protective conductor current • is expected to exceed 10 mA.

  47. Overview of Earthing Requirements for the Installation of Equipment having high protective conductor currents • The risk associated with final circuits with high protective conductor currents is that resulting from discontinuity of the protective conductor. • The more equipment that is connected to a circuit, the wider is spread the risk, and the greater is the hazard.

  48. Overview of Earthing Requirements for the Installation of Equipment having high protective conductor currents

  49. 608 2 Overview of caravans, tents and caravan parks • Section 608 is divided into two divisions. • Division one - Electrical Installations in caravans and motor caravans • Division two - Electrical installations in caravan parks

  50. Overview of caravans, tents and caravan parks • The risks specifically associated with installations in caravans and motor caravans arise from : • i) Open circuit faults of the PEN conductor of PME supplies • ii) Incorrect polarity at the pitch supply point • iii) Inability to establish an equipotential zone external to the vehicle • iv) Possible loss of earthing due to long supply cable runs, • v) Vibration while the vehicle is moving causing faults within the caravan installation.

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