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Chapter 1 A Guide to the Natural World

Chapter 1 A Guide to the Natural World. Jannette Van Brakel. 1.1 How does Science Impact the everyday world? What is Science? A body of knowledge ; a collection of unified insights about nature, the evidence for which is an array of facts. What is Biology? a branch of Science

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Chapter 1 A Guide to the Natural World

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  1. Chapter 1A Guide to the Natural World Jannette Van Brakel

  2. 1.1 How does Science Impact the everyday world? • What is Science? • A body of knowledge • ; a collection of unified insights about nature, the evidence for which is an array of facts. • What is Biology? • a branch of Science • The study of life

  3. How does science impact the world today? • Cloning • Human insulin • Genetically engineered: • Plantscorn • Animalssalmon • DNA “fingerprinting” • Stem cell research • Time Magazine and Science • Cracking the ice Global warming • The secret of life Human genes • Botox w/out the needle Bacteria paralyze muscles • AIDS vaccine vaccine failure • The no. 1 Killer of women heart disease • Healthy Junk foodtrans fats

  4. What do American Know about Science? ….not much…..=( • Fig.1.3 • ¼ the Sun rotates around the Earth • ½ that humans lived with dinosaurs

  5. Science as a body of Knowledge Process a way of learning A body of knowledge about the natural world A collection of unified insights of nature, the evidence for which there is an array of facts. 1.2 What is Science?

  6. The unified insights of science are commonly referred to as a theory. Theory: Def. in everyday speechIdea that may or may not have evidence to support it. Def. in Science a general set of principles, supported by evidence, that explains some aspect of nature Example: Big Bang theory size of the universe and temperature Theory VS Fact Theory explanatory Fact on single evidence Theory

  7. Science as a Process: Arriving at Scientific Insights • Science as a process • Scientific methodUnderstanding the world through observation and the testing of hypotheses • Observation of the natural world • Question What, why, or how? • Hypothesis testable question for an observed phenomenon • Experiment • Conclusion

  8. Life came from life • Airborne microscopic organisms landing on suitable substance and then multiplying in such profusion that they can be seen. • Microbes on dust particles got trapped at neck=no growth

  9. Every principle and “fact” in science is subject to modification, based solely on the best evidence available. Science VS Belief systems(culture, politics, or religion)

  10. Biology the study of life What can we consider something that is living move on its own? Wind, fire, clouds, crystals…? What separates living from non-living? Living things; Can assimilate and use energy Can respond to their environment Can maintain a relatively constant internal environment Posses an inherited information base, encoded in DNA that allows it to function Can reproduce, through the use of information encoded in DNA Are composed of one or more cells Evolved from other living things Are highly organized compared to inanimate objects 1.3 The Nature of Biology

  11. Life is organized in a hierarchical manner, ranging in increasing complexity from atoms molecules Organelles Cells Tissues organs organ systems organisms Populations communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere. Life is Hierarchical

  12. Life is Hierarchical atom(hydrogen Molecule(water) organelle(nucleus) cell(neuron) tissue(nervous tissue) organ(brain) organ system(nervous system) organism(sea lion) population(colony) community(giant kelpforest) ecosystem(southern Californiacoast) biosphere(Earth) Figure 1.6

  13. Life science a set of disciplines that focuses on varying aspects of the livingworld Physical science the natural sciences not concerned with life Special Qualities of Biology

  14. Biology’s Chief Unifying Principle • Evolution meaning the gradual modification of living things over time, with this modification sometimes resulting in the development of new species. • Evolution is central to biology because every living thing has been shaped by evolution. • Peacocks feathers? • Frog Coloration? • Flowers and pollinators? • Darwin’s finches?

  15. Mimicry in Insects?Predator avoidance Possessed colorful genes (warning to predators) Were not predated upon Left more offspring Population shifted to more colorful species

  16. Simplestatoms to the most Complex Biosphere 1st part Molecular biology The study of individual molecules as they affect living things 2nd part Organismal Biology Meaning the study of whole organisms within biology 3rd part Physiology Physical functioning of plants and animals 4th Ecology The study of the interactions of organisms with each other and their physical environment 1.5 Book Organization

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