MCNEIL

1. MCNEIL PRODUCTIONS

2. Chapter 1 “The Peopling of the World”(Prehistory - 2500 BC) Section 1 “Human Origins in Africa”

3. Prehistory refers to the period of time before the invention of writing Kinds of Evidence Archaeology - study of early peoples through the examination of physical remains Artifacts – human-made objects Paleontologists study fossils Culture – unique way of life How Do We Know?

4. The Search for Human Origins • Mary Leakey found footprints in East Africa (Tanzania) • Hominids – creatures that walk upright • Donald Johanson found a complete skeleton (“Lucy”) in Ethiopia

5. Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Age) - the time from the first tool makers to about 8,000 BC stone tools, fire, & language Technology– ways of applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet needs Homo Sapiens – species name for modern humans Old Stone Age

6. Section 2“Humans Try to Control Nature”

7. Nomads - move from place to place in search of food Hunter-gatherers Survived an Ice Age Cave paintings Nomads

8. New Stone Age • New Stone Age (Neolithic Age) • About 8,000 BC, people learned to farm • Steady food source • Slash-&-Burn farming • Domestication of animals • population growth • permanent villages • River Valleys

10. Civilization – complex culture Cities (center of trade) Specialized workers (artisans – skilled workers) Institutions – long-lasting pattern of organization Government – system of ruling Record keeping Scribes – professional record keepers pictographs Cuneiform – Sumerian writing Advanced technology Bronze Age – bronze tools & weapons Transportation: Invention of wheel & sail Ch. 1 Section 3“Civilization”