Lung Cancer in Non-Smokers: Why It’s an Emerging Epidemic

1. Lung Cancer in Never- Smokers: An Emerging Epidemic Lung cancer, traditionally linked to smoking, is now increasingly affecting those who've never smoked. This presentation delves into this concerning trend, exploring the rising prevalence, key risk factors, and advancements in research and treatment.

2. Defining Never-Smokers and Prevalence Data Defined as individuals who have smoked less than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime, never-smokers comprise a significant portion of lung cancer patients. Prevalence is particularly notable among women, with a higher proportion of never-smoker cases than in men. Global statistics highlight the growing concern, with 15-25% of lung cancer cases in high-income countries attributed to never- smokers. The trend is especially alarming in Asia, where up to 60% of female lung cancer patients have never smoked.

3. Key Risk Factors: Beyond Smoking Radon exposure is a significant risk factor, responsible for 10-15% of lung cancer deaths, with a higher proportion among never-smokers. Air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM2.5), is a growing concern, linked to increased lung cancer risk, particularly in urban areas. Occupational hazards, like exposure to asbestos, arsenic, and chromium, contribute to lung cancer risk, highlighting the need for workplace safety measures. Secondhand smoke exposure significantly elevates lung cancer risk, affecting thousands of people annually. Genetic predisposition, family history, and specific gene mutations increase susceptibility to lung cancer.

4. The Role of Genetics and Molecular Profiling EGFR mutations are more prevalent in never-smokers with lung cancer, offering an opportunity for targeted therapies. ALK rearrangements are found in a significant proportion of never-smoker lung cancers, indicating a potential therapeutic target. ROS1 fusions are less common but still represent an actionable target for personalized therapy.

5. Environmental Risk Factors: A Closer Look Radon mitigation is crucial, with testing and mitigation systems reducing radon levels significantly. EPA estimates nearly 1 in 15 homes in the US has elevated radon levels. 1 Air quality monitoring is essential, with government initiatives working to reduce PM2.5 levels in urban areas. Successful interventions have demonstrated the importance of these efforts. 2 Workplace safety regulations have effectively reduced asbestos exposure risk in developed countries, but continued vigilance is needed globally. 3

6. Research Advancements and Treatment Strategies Immunotherapy shows promise in never-smokers with specific tumor characteristics, offering a new approach to treatment. 1 Targeted therapies have significantly improved outcomes for patients with EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 mutations, demonstrating the power of personalized medicine. 2 Early detection is crucial, with screening programs using low- dose CT scans for high-risk never-smokers. 3 Clinical trials are actively underway to identify new therapeutic targets and develop personalized treatment approaches. 4

7. Call to Action: Awareness, Prevention, and Research Increase Public Awareness Advocate for Stricter Air Quality Regulations Educate the public about risk factors beyond smoking, promote radon testing, and advocate for healthy lifestyle choices. Support policies aimed at reducing pollution levels, particularly in urban areas, to protect public health. Promote Genetic Testing Encourage molecular profiling for all lung cancer patients, regardless of smoking history, to identify actionable targets for treatment.

8. Contact Us For appointments or inquiries, contact Chest Surgery India. Trust Dr. Yadav's expertise and exceptional care for your Lung Cancer surgical needs. Your health is our priority.