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Digital 2019 Tunisia (January 2019) v01

Everything you need to know about mobile, internet, social media, and e-commerce use in Tunisia in 2019. For more reports, including the latest global trends and individual data for more than 230 countries around the world, visit https://datareportal.com/

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Digital 2019 Tunisia (January 2019) v01

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  1. DIGITAL 2019 TUNISIA ALL THE DATA AND TRENDS YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND INTERNET, SOCIAL MEDIA, MOBILE, AND E-COMMERCE BEHAVIOURS IN 2019

  2. DIGITAL 2019 GLOBAL DIGITAL YEARBOOK DIGITAL 2019 ALL THE DATA AND TRENDS YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND INTERNET, SOCIAL MEDIA, MOBILE, AND E-COMMERCE BEHAVIOURS IN 2019 ESSENTIAL DIGITAL DATA FOR EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CLICK HERE TO READ OUR DIGITAL 2019 GLOBAL OVERVIEW REPORT, WITH MORE THAN 200 PAGES OF ESSENTIAL CHARTS AND INSIGHTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD CLICK HERE TO READ OUR DIGITAL 2019 GLOBAL DIGITAL YEARBOOK, WITH ESSENTIAL HEADLINE DIGITAL DATA FOR EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD

  3. CLICK THE LINKS BELOW TO ACCESS OUR IN-DEPTH LOCAL REPORTS GLOBAL OVERVIEW DIGITAL YEARBOOK ABKHAZIA AFGHANISTAN ÅLAND IS. ALBANIA ALGERIA AMERICAN SAMOA ANDORRA ANGOLA ANGUILLA ANTIGUA & BARBUDA ARGENTINA ARMENIA ARUBA AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA AZERBAIJAN BAHAMAS BAHRAIN BANGLADESH BARBADOS BELARUS BELGIUM BELIZE BENIN BERMUDA BHUTAN BOLIVIA BONAIRE, ST. EUSTATIUS & SABA BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA BOTSWANA BRAZIL BRITISH VIRGIN IS. BRUNEI BULGARIA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI CABO VERDE CAMBODIA CAMEROON CANADA CAYMAN IS. CENTRAL AFRICAN REP. CHAD CHILE CHINA CHRISTMAS IS. COCOS (KEELING) IS. COLOMBIA COMOROS DEM. REP. OF CONGO REP. OF CONGO COOK IS. COSTA RICA CÔTE D’IVOIRE CROATIA CUBA CURAÇAO CYPRUS CZECH REP. DENMARK DJIBOUTI DOMINICA DOMINICAN REP. ECUADOR EGYPT EL SALVADOR EQUATORIAL GUINEA ERITREA ESTONIA ESWATINI ETHIOPIA FALKLAND IS. FAROE IS. FIJI FINLAND FRANCE FRENCH GUIANA FRENCH POLYNESIA GABON GAMBIA GEORGIA GERMANY GHANA GIBRALTAR GREECE GREENLAND GRENADA GUADELOUPE GUAM GUATEMALA GUERNSEY GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU GUYANA HAITI HONDURAS HONG KONG HUNGARY ICELAND INDIA INDONESIA IRAN IRAQ IRELAND ISLE OF MAN ISRAEL ITALY JAMAICA JAPAN JERSEY JORDAN KAZAKHSTAN KENYA KIRIBATI NORTH KOREA SOUTH KOREA KOSOVO KUWAIT KYRGYZSTAN LAOS LATVIA LEBANON LESOTHO LIBERIA LIBYA LIECHTENSTEIN LITHUANIA LUXEMBOURG MACAU TFYR MACEDONIA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MALAYSIA MALDIVES MALI MALTA MARSHALL IS. MARTINIQUE MAURITANIA MAURITIUS MAYOTTE MEXICO MICRONESIA MOLDOVA MONACO MONGOLIA MONTENEGRO MONTSERRAT MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE MYANMAR NAMIBIA NAURU NEPAL NETHERLANDS NEW CALEDONIA NEW ZEALAND NICARAGUA NIGER NIGERIA NIUE NORFOLK IS. NORTHERN MARIANA IS. NORWAY OMAN PAKISTAN PALAU PALESTINE PANAMA PAPUA NEW GUINEA PARAGUAY PERU PHILIPPINES PITCAIRN IS. POLAND PORTUGAL PUERTO RICO QATAR RÉUNION ROMANIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION RWANDA ST. BARTHÉLEMY ST. HELENA ST. KITTS & NEVIS ST. LUCIA ST. MARTIN ST. PIERRE & MIQUELON ST. VINCENT & THE GRENADINES SAMOA SAN MARINO SÃO TOMÉ & PRÍNCIPE SAUDI ARABIA SENEGAL SERBIA SEYCHELLES SIERRA LEONE SINGAPORE ST. MAARTEN SLOVAKIA SLOVENIA SOLOMON IS. SOMALIA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH SUDAN SPAIN SRI LANKA SUDAN SURINAME SVALBARD & JAN MAYEN SWAZILAND SWEDEN SWITZERLAND SYRIA TAIWAN TAJIKISTAN TANZANIA THAILAND TIMOR-LESTE TOGO TOKELAU TONGA TRANSNISTRIA TRINIDAD & TOBAGO TUNISIA TURKEY TURKMENISTAN TURKS & CAICOS IS. TUVALU UGANDA UKRAINE U.A.E. U.K. U.S.A. U.S. VIRGIN IS. URUGUAY UZBEKISTAN VANUATU VATICAN VENEZUELA VIETNAM WALLIS & FUTUNA WESTERN SAHARA YEMEN ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE

  4. GLOBAL OVERVIEW 5

  5. DIGITAL AROUND THE WORLD IN 2019 THE ESSENTIAL HEADLINE DATA YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND GLOBAL MOBILE, INTERNET, AND SOCIAL MEDIA USE JAN 2019 TOTAL UNIQUE MOBILE USERS INTERNET USERS ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS MOBILE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS POPULATION 7.676 5.112 BILLION 4.388 3.484 3.256 BILLION BILLION BILLION BILLION URBANISATION: PENETRATION: PENETRATION: PENETRATION: PENETRATION: 56% 67% 57% 45% 42% SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019). 6

  6. ANNUAL DIGITAL GROWTH THE YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN KEY STATISTICAL INDICATORS JAN 2019 TOTAL UNIQUE MOBILE USERS INTERNET USERS ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS MOBILE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS POPULATION +1.1% +2.0% +9.1% +9.0% +10% JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 +84 MILLION +100 MILLION +367 MILLION +288 MILLION +297 MILLION SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019). 7

  7. INTERNET PENETRATION BY REGION INTERNET USE BY REGION, COMPARING THE NUMBER OF INTERNET USERS TO TOTAL POPULATION (REGARDLESS OF AGE) JAN 2019 NORTHERN EUROPE 95% EASTERN EUROPE 80% NORTHERN AMERICA 95% 88% 50% CENTRAL ASIA 94% WESTERN EUROPE SOUTHERN EUROPE 60% EASTERN ASIA 66% CARIBBEAN 51% 50% NORTHERN AFRICA 42% 63% WESTERN ASIA MIDDLE AFRICA 12% SOUTHERN ASIA 41% CENTRAL AMERICA 63% SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA WESTERN AFRICA 73% 32% EASTERN AFRICA SOUTHERN AMERICA 51% 69% SOUTHERN AFRICA OCEANIA SOURCES: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. NOTE: PENETRATION FIGURES ARE BASED ON TOTAL POPULATION, REGARDLESS OF AGE. REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME. 8

  8. SOCIAL MEDIA PENETRATION BY REGION BASED ON MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS OF THE MOST ACTIVE PLATFORMS IN EACH COUNTRY / TERRITORY, COMPARED TO TOTAL POPULATION JAN 2019 NORTHERN EUROPE 67% EASTERN EUROPE 48% NORTHERN AMERICA 70% 58% 16% CENTRAL ASIA 53% WESTERN EUROPE SOUTHERN EUROPE 70% EASTERN ASIA 54% CARIBBEAN 46% 40% NORTHERN AFRICA 24% 62% WESTERN ASIA MIDDLE AFRICA 7% SOUTHERN ASIA 12% CENTRAL AMERICA 61% SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA WESTERN AFRICA 66% 8% EASTERN AFRICA SOUTHERN AMERICA 38% 57% SOUTHERN AFRICA OCEANIA SOURCES: LATEST DATA PUBLISHED BY SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS VIA PRESS RELEASES, INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS, AND IN SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU; KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTE: PENETRATION FIGURES ARE BASED ON TOTAL POPULATION, REGARDLESS OF AGE. REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME. 9

  9. SOCIAL PLATFORMS: ACTIVE USER ACCOUNTS BASED ON MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS, USER ACCOUNTS, OR UNIQUE VISITORS TO EACH PLATFORM, IN MILLIONS JAN 2019 2,271 FACEBOOK 1,900 YOUTUBE 1,500 WHATSAPP 1,300 FB MESSENGER 1,083 WEIXIN / WECHAT 1,000 INSTAGRAM 803 QQ 531 QZONE 500 DOUYIN / TIKTOK 446 SINA WEIBO 330 REDDIT 326 320 303 300 300 287 260 250 TWITTER DOUBAN LINKEDIN** BAIDU TIEBA* SOCIAL NETWORK SKYPE* SNAPCHAT** MESSENGER / VOIP VIBER* PINTEREST 194 LINE SOURCES: KEPIOS ANALYSIS; LATEST COMPANY EARNINGS RELEASES, PRESS RELEASES OR MEDIA STATEMENTS; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA (ALL UP TO JAN 2019). *ADVISORY: PLATFORMS IDENTIFIED BY (*) HAVE NOT PUBLISHED UPDATED USER FIGURES IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS, SO FIGURES MAY BE LESS RELIABLE. **NOTES: THESE PLATFORMS DO NOT PUBLISH MAU DATA. LINKEDIN FIGURE IS BASED ON MONTHLY UNIQUE WEBSITE VISITORS IN DEC 2018, VIA SIMILARWEB. SNAPCHAT FIGURE EXTRAPOLATED FROM DATA REPORTED IN TECHCRUNCH (JUN 2017). 10

  10. TOP SOCIAL MESSENGERS AROUND THE WORLD THE MOST POPULAR MESSENGER APP BY COUNTRY / TERRITORY IN DECEMBER 2018 JAN 2019 WHATSAPP (133) FACEBOOK MESSENGER (75) VIBER (10) IMO (3) LINE (3) TELEGRAM (3) WECHAT (3) GOOGLE MESSAGES (1) HANGOUTS (1) KAKAOTALK (1) ZALO (1) UNKNOWN (1 1) SOURCE: BASED ON SIMILARWEB’S ALGORITHM INTEGRATING CURRENT INSTALLS FROM THE GOOGLE PLAY STORE WITH ACTIVE APP USERS (DECEMBER 2018). NOTE: FIGURES IN PARENTHESES IN THE LEGEND REPRESENT THE NUMBER OF COUNTRIES / TERRITORIES IN WHICH EACH PLATFORM IS THE TOP-RANKED MESSENGER APP. 11

  11. SOCIAL MEDIA AUDIENCE PROFILE BASED ON THE COMBINED ADVERTISING AUDIENCES OF FACEBOOK, INSTAGRAM, AND FACEBOOK MESSENGER JAN 2019 19% FEMALE MALE 16% 13% 11% 9% 7% 5% 5% 4% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 13 – 17 18 – 24 25 – 34 35 – 44 45 – 54 55 – 64 65+ YEARS OLD YEARS OLD YEARS OLD YEARS OLD YEARS OLD YEARS OLD YEARS OLD 12 SOURCE: EXTRAPOLATED FROM FACEBOOK DATA (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTE: FACEBOOK DOES NOT PUBLISH AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ OR ‘FEMALE’.

  12. MOBILE CONNECTIVITY BY REGION THE NUMBER OF MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS COMPARED TO TOTAL POPULATION (NOTE: NOT UNIQUE USERS) JAN 2019 NORTHERN EUROPE 120% EASTERN EUROPE 154% NORTHERN AMERICA 105% 132% 103% CENTRAL ASIA 116% WESTERN EUROPE SOUTHERN EUROPE 111% EASTERN ASIA 101% CARIBBEAN 73% 102% NORTHERN AFRICA 91% 96% WESTERN ASIA MIDDLE AFRICA 53% SOUTHERN ASIA 86% CENTRAL AMERICA 129% SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA WESTERN AFRICA 109% 62% EASTERN AFRICA SOUTHERN AMERICA 162% 108% SOUTHERN AFRICA OCEANIA SOURCE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE (Q4 2018); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTE: REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME. ADVISORY: MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS DO NOT REPRESENT UNIQUE INDIVIDUALS, SO FIGURES OVER 100% INDICATE MULTIPLE MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS PER PERSON. REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME. 13

  13. TUNISIA 14

  14. TUNISIA JAN 2019 THE ESSENTIAL HEADLINE DATA YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND MOBILE, INTERNET, AND SOCIAL MEDIA USE TOTAL MOBILE INTERNET USERS ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS MOBILE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS POPULATION SUBSCRIPTIONS 11.72 MILLION 17.55 MILLION 7.90 MILLION 7.50 MILLION 6.90 MILLION URBANISATION: vs. POPULATION: PENETRATION: PENETRATION: PENETRATION: 69% 150% 67% 64% 59% SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019). 15

  15. ANNUAL DIGITAL GROWTH THE YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN KEY STATISTICAL INDICATORS JAN 2019 TOTAL MOBILE INTERNET USERS ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS MOBILE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS POPULATION SUBSCRIPTIONS +1.1% +4.5% +0.2% +4.2% +7.8% JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 JAN 2018 – JAN 2019 +127 THOUSAND +755 THOUSAND +13 THOUSAND +300 THOUSAND +500 THOUSAND SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019). 16

  16. OVERVIEW: POPULATION & ECONOMY ESSENTIAL DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS JAN 2019 TOTAL FEMALE POPULATION MALE ANNUAL CHANGE IN POPULATION SIZE MEDIAN AGE POPULATION POPULATION 11.72 MILLION 50.6% 49.4% +1.1% 32.7 URBAN POPULATION GDP PER CAPITA (PPP) (CURRENT INTERNATIONAL $)* OVERALL LITERACY (ADULTS AGED 15+) FEMALE LITERACY (ADULTS AGED 15+) MALE LITERACY (ADULTS AGED 15+) 86% 69% $11,911 79% 72% SOURCES: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU; WORLD BANK; IMF; UNESCO; UNICEF; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; PEW RESEARCH (ALL LATEST DATA AVAILABLE IN JANUARY 2019). *NOTE: ‘INTERNATIONAL DOLLARS’ ARE NOTIONAL MEASURES THAT PROVIDE A CONSISTENT BASIS FOR COMPARISON. AN ‘INTERNATIONAL DOLLAR’ WOULD BUY A COMPARABLE AMOUNT OF GOODS AND SERVICES IN THE CITED COUNTRY THAT A U.S. DOLLAR WOULD BUY IN THE UNITED STATES. 17

  17. INTERNET USE 18

  18. INTERNET USE: DEVICE PERSPECTIVE BASED ON ACTIVE INTERNET USER DATA, AND ACTIVE USE OF INTERNET-POWERED MOBILE SERVICES JAN 2019 TOTAL NUMBER OF ACTIVE INTERNET USERS INTERNET USERS AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL POPULATION TOTAL NUMBER OF ACTIVE MOBILE INTERNET USERS MOBILE INTERNET USERS AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL POPULATION global web index 7.90 MILLION 67% 7.27 MILLION 62% SOURCES: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. MOBILE SHARE DATA: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018); AND EXTRAPOLATIONS OF DATA PUBLISHED BY THE WORLD’S LARGEST SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS VIA EARNINGS RELEASES AND SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS. GLOBALWEBINDEX FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64. 19

  19. INTERNET USERS: DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES ON THE NUMBER OF INTERNET USERS, FROM SOME OF THE WORLD’S MOST COMPREHENSIVE STUDIES JAN 2019 INTERNET WORLD STATS ITU (INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION) WORLD BANK CIA WORLD FACTBOOK 7.90 MILLION 6.51 MILLION 6.51 MILLION 5.67 MILLION 20 SOURCE: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK (ALL LATEST DATA AVAILABLE IN JANUARY 2019).

  20. INTERNET CONNECTION SPEEDS AVERAGE DOWNLOAD SPEEDS FOR MOBILE AND FIXED INTERNET CONNECTIONS, WITH YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISON JAN 2019 AVERAGE SPEED OF MOBILE INTERNET CONNECTIONS YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN AVERAGE SPEED OF MOBILE INTERNET CONNECTIONS AVERAGE SPEED OF FIXED INTERNET CONNECTIONS YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN AVERAGE SPEED OF FIXED INTERNET CONNECTIONS 23.54 +38% 7.96 +19% MBPS MBPS 21 SOURCE: OOKLA SPEEDTEST (DECEMBER 2018 AND DECEMBER 2017).

  21. ALEXA’S TOP WEBSITES RANKING OF WEBSITES BY THE NUMBER OF VISITORS AND TOTAL PAGE VIEWS JAN 2019 # WEBSITE TIME / DAY PAGES / VISIT # WEBSITE TIME / DAY PAGES / VISIT 01 GOOGLE.COM 07M 42S 9.54 1 1 WIKIPEDIA.ORG 04M 15S 3.15 02 YOUTUBE.COM 08M 47S 5.02 12 BABNET.NET 06M 39S 4.39 03 FACEBOOK.COM 09M 43S 4.03 13 BLOGSPOT.COM 03M 07S 2.43 04 MOSAIQUEFM.NET 02M 52S 2.39 14 EGY.BEST 03M 50S 3.86 05 NESSMA.TV 06M 27S 3.37 15 TAYARA.TN 09M 17S 7.19 06 GOOGLE.TN 06M 51S 8.36 16 FLASHSCORE.COM 15M 37S 8.06 07 GOOGLE.FR 05M 58S 7.58 17 TUNISIA-SAT.COM 05M 55S 5.73 08 JAWHARAFM.NET 01M 42S 2.15 18 FBCDN.NET 03M 55S 2.73 09 YAHOO.COM 04M 01S 3.60 19 JUMIA.COM.TN 07M 01S 5.17 10 PORN555.COM 00M 51S 1.57 20 BODELEN.COM 01M 14S 1.10 SOURCE: ALEXA (JANUARY 2019). NOTES: ‘TIME / DAY’ FIGURES REPRESENT ALEXA’S ESTIMATES OF THE AVERAGE DAILY AMOUNT OF TIME THAT VISITORS SPEND ON THE SITE FOR DAYS WHEN THEY VISIT THE SITE, MEASURED IN MINUTES AND SECONDS. ADVISORY: SOME WEBSITES FEATURED IN THIS RANKING MAY CONTAIN ADULT CONTENT. PLEASE USE CAUTION WHEN VISITING UNKNOWN WEBSITES. 22

  22. TOP GOOGLE SEARCH QUERIES IN 2018 BASED ON SEARCHES THROUGHOUT 2018 JAN 2019 # SEARCH QUERY INDEX # SEARCH QUERY INDEX 01 FACEBOOK 100 1 1 FLASHSCORE 13 02 GOOGLE 70 12 CONVERTISSEUR 1 1 03 TRADUCTION 65 13 TELECHARGER 1 1 04 TUNISIE 61 14 PLANETWIN365 MOBILE 10 05 YOUTUBE 58 15 GMAIL 9 06 GOOGLE TRADUCTION 37 16 YOUTUBE MP3 7 07 MP3 21 17 INSTAGRAM 7 08 TAYARA 16 18 PLANET 6 09 PLANETWIN365 16 19 JEUX 6 10 METEO 16 20 YOU 6 SOURCE: GOOGLE TRENDS (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTES: GOOGLE DOES NOT PUBLISH SEARCH VOLUMES, BUT THE ‘INDEX’ COLUMN SHOWS RELATIVE VOLUMES FOR EACH QUERY COMPARED TO SEARCH VOLUMES FOR THE TOP QUERY (AN INDEX OF 50 MEANS THAT THE QUERY RECEIVED 50% OF THE SEARCH VOLUME OF THE TOP QUERY). YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE FIGURES COMPARE INDEX VALUES FOR EACH QUERY IN DECEMBER 2018 TO DECEMBER 2017. 23

  23. SOCIAL MEDIA USE 24

  24. SOCIAL MEDIA OVERVIEW BASED ON MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS OF THE MOST ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS JAN 2019 TOTAL NUMBER OF ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL POPULATION TOTAL NUMBER OF ACTIVE SOCIAL USERS ACCESSING VIA MOBILE DEVICES ACTIVE MOBILE SOCIAL USERS AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL POPULATION 7.50 MILLION 64% 6.90 MILLION 59% SOURCES: LATEST DATA PUBLISHED BY SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS VIA PRESS RELEASES, INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS, AND IN SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU; KEPIOS ANALYSIS. 25

  25. SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISING AUDIENCES A COMPARISON OF THE TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE* OF SELECTED SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS JAN 2019 TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON FACEBOOK (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON INSTAGRAM (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON TWITTER (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON SNAPCHAT (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON LINKEDIN (REGISTERED MEMBERS) 7.40 MILLION 1.90 MILLION 193.5 THOUSAND 465.0 THOUSAND 1.00 MILLION FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE 38% 62% 45% 55% 50% 50% 25% 75% 72% 25% SOURCE: EACH PLATFORM’S SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS (JANUARY 2019). *NOTE: FIGURES REPRESENT ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCES ONLY, AND MAY NOT REFLECT TOTAL ACTIVE USERS OR MEMBER BASES. ADVISORY: FIGURES FOR LINKEDIN REPRESENT REGISTERED MEMBERS, SO ARE NOT DIRECTLY COMPARABLE TO FIGURES FOR OTHER PLATFORMS. 26

  26. SOCIAL MEDIA AUDIENCES: QUARTERLY GROWTH THE QUARTERLY CHANGE IN THE TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCES* OF SELECTED SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS JAN 2019 QUARTERLY CHANGE IN THE TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON FACEBOOK (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) QUARTERLY CHANGE IN THE TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON INSTAGRAM (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) QUARTERLY CHANGE IN THE TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON TWITTER (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) QUARTERLY CHANGE IN THE TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON SNAPCHAT (MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS) QUARTERLY CHANGE IN THE TOTAL ADVERTISING AUDIENCE ON LINKEDIN (REGISTERED MEMBERS) -1.3% 0% -4.0% -11% 0% SOURCE: EACH PLATFORM’S SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS (JANUARY 2019). *NOTE: FIGURES REPRESENT ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCES ONLY, AND MAY NOT REFLECT TOTAL ACTIVE USERS OR MEMBER BASES. ADVISORY: FIGURES FOR LINKEDIN REPRESENT REGISTERED MEMBERS, SO ARE NOT DIRECTLY COMPARABLE TO FIGURES FOR OTHER PLATFORMS. 27

  27. FACEBOOK AUDIENCE OVERVIEW BASED ON FACEBOOK’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE JAN 2019 NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT FACEBOOK REPORTS CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON FACEBOOK PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS AGED 13+ THAT CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON FACEBOOK QUARTER-ON- QUARTER GROWTH IN FACEBOOK ADVERTISING REACH PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT FACEBOOK REPORTS IS FEMALE* PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT FACEBOOK REPORTS IS MALE* 7.40 MILLION 81% -1.3% 45% 55% SOURCE: FACEBOOK (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: FACEBOOK DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’. ADVISORY: FIGURES REPORTED ON THIS CHART ARE BASED ON FACEBOOK’S ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE, AND MAY NOT MATCH TOTAL MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS. AS A RESULT, FIGURES ON THIS CHART ARE NOT DIRECTLY COMPARABLE TO THE ‘MONTHLY ACTIVE FACEBOOK USERS’ FIGURE THAT WE REPORTED IN OUR DIGITAL 2018 REPORTS. 28

  28. FACEBOOK ACTIVITY FREQUENCY THE NUMBER OF TIMES A ‘TYPICAL’ USER* PERFORMS EACH ACTIVITY ON FACEBOOK JAN 2019 NUMBER OF FACEBOOK PAGES LIKED (LIFETIME) POSTS LIKED IN THE PAST 30 DAYS (ALL POST TYPES) COMMENTS MADE IN THE PAST 30 DAYS (ALL POST TYPES) FACEBOOK POSTS SHARED IN THE PAST 30 DAYS (ALL POST TYPES) FACEBOOK ADVERTS CLICKED IN THE PAST 30 DAYS (ANY CLICK TYPE) 2 12 4 2 10 FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE 2 2 14 12 7 3 2 1 12 9 29 SOURCE: FACEBOOK (JANUARY 2019). *NOTE: FIGURES REPRESENT MEDIAN VALUES FOR ACTIVE FACEBOOK USERS AGED 18 AND ABOVE.

  29. INSTAGRAM AUDIENCE OVERVIEW BASED ON INSTAGRAM’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE JAN 2019 NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT INSTAGRAM REPORTS CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON INSTAGRAM PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS AGED 13+ THAT CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON INSTAGRAM QUARTER-ON- QUARTER GROWTH IN INSTAGRAM ADVERTISING REACH PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT INSTAGRAM REPORTS IS FEMALE* PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT INSTAGRAM REPORTS IS MALE* 1.90 MILLION 21% 0% 50% 50% 30 SOURCE: INSTAGRAM (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: INSTAGRAM DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’.

  30. TWITTER AUDIENCE OVERVIEW BASED ON TWITTER’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE JAN 2019 NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT TWITTER REPORTS CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON TWITTER PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS AGED 13+ THAT CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON TWITTER QUARTER-ON- QUARTER GROWTH IN TWITTER ADVERTISING REACH PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT TWITTER REPORTS IS FEMALE* PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT TWITTER REPORTS IS MALE* 193.5 THOUSAND 2.1% -4.0% 25% 75% SOURCE: TWITTER (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: TWITTER DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’. GENDER SHARE FIGURES EXTRAPOLATED FROM AVAILABLE DATA. 31

  31. SNAPCHAT AUDIENCE OVERVIEW BASED ON SNAPCHAT’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE JAN 2019 NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT SNAPCHAT REPORTS CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON SNAPCHAT PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS AGED 13+ THAT CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON SNAPCHAT QUARTER-ON- QUARTER GROWTH IN SNAPCHAT ADVERTISING REACH PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT SNAPCHAT REPORTS IS FEMALE* PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT SNAPCHAT REPORTS IS MALE* 465.0 THOUSAND 5.1% -11% 72% 25% SOURCE: SNAPCHAT (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: SNAPCHAT DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’, BUT THE DATA THAT THE PLATFORM REPORTS FOR MALE AND FEMALE AUDIENCES DO NOT SUM TO 100% OF THE TOTAL AUDIENCE FIGURE. 32

  32. LINKEDIN AUDIENCE OVERVIEW BASED ON LINKEDIN’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE JAN 2019 NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT LINKEDIN REPORTS CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON LINKEDIN PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS AGED 18+ THAT CAN BE REACHED WITH ADVERTS ON LINKEDIN QUARTER-ON- QUARTER GROWTH IN LINKEDIN ADVERTISING REACH PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT LINKEDIN REPORTS IS FEMALE* PERCENTAGE OF ITS AD AUDIENCE THAT LINKEDIN REPORTS IS MALE* 1.00 MILLION 12% 0% 38% 62% SOURCE: LINKEDIN (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS.*NOTE: LINKEDIN’S ADVERTISING AUDIENCE FIGURES ARE BASED ON TOTAL MEMBERS, NOT MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS. LINKEDIN DOES NOT REPORT ADVERTISING AUDIENCE FIGURES FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ OR ‘FEMALE’. GENDER DATA HAVE BEEN EXTRAPOLATED BASED ON AVAILABLE DATA. 33

  33. TOP YOUTUBE SEARCH QUERIES IN 2018 BASED ON SEARCHES ON THE YOUTUBE PLATFORM THROUGHOUT 2018 JAN 2019 # SEARCH QUERY INDEX # SEARCH QUERY INDEX 01 FILM 100 1 1 THE VOICE 24 02 SAMARA 67 12 24 ركبلمارئاطلا 03 MUSIC 64 13 CASTRO 23 04 BALTI 63 14 MUSIQUE 23 05 SANFARA 50 15 KAFON 22 06 KLAY 49 16 YA LILI 22 07 ALA 40 17 CHEB BACHIR 19 08 KLAY BBJ 36 18 KIKI 18 09 SOOLKING 34 19 DIRECT 18 10 CHOUFLI HAL 26 20 FORTNITE 18 SOURCE: GOOGLE TRENDS (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTES: GOOGLE DOES NOT PUBLISH SEARCH VOLUMES, BUT THE ‘INDEX’ COLUMN SHOWS RELATIVE VOLUMES FOR EACH QUERY COMPARED TO SEARCH VOLUMES FOR THE TOP QUERY (AN INDEX OF 50 MEANS THAT THE QUERY RECEIVED 50% OF THE SEARCH VOLUME OF THE TOP QUERY). 34

  34. MOBILE USE 35

  35. MOBILE CONNECTIONS BY TYPE BASED ON THE NUMBER OF CELLULAR CONNECTIONS (NOTE: NOT UNIQUE INDIVIDUALS) JAN 2019 TOTAL NUMBER OF MOBILE CONNECTIONS MOBILE CONNECTIONS AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL POPULATION PERCENTAGE OF MOBILE CONNECTIONS THAT ARE PRE-PAID PERCENTAGE OF MOBILE CONNECTIONS THAT ARE POST-PAID PERCENTAGE OF MOBILE CONNECTIONS THAT ARE BROADBAND (3G & 4G) 17.55 MILLION 150% 93% 7% 51% SOURCE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE (Q4 2018 AND JANUARY 2019). ADVISORY: GSMA INTELLIGENCE HAVE REVISED SOME HISTORICAL FIGURES IN THE PAST YEAR, SO THE FIGURES SHOWN HERE MAY NOT BE DIRECTLY COMPARABLE TO THE DATA WE REPORTED IN OUR DIGITAL 2018 REPORTS. 36

  36. MOBILE CONNECTIVITY INDEX GSMA INTELLIGENCE’S ASSESSMENT OF KEY ENABLERS AND DRIVERS OF MOBILE CONNECTIVITY JAN 2019 OVERALL COUNTRY INDEX SCORE MOBILE NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE AFFORDABILITY OF DEVICES & SERVICES CONSUMER READINESS AVAILABILITY OF RELEVANT CONTENT & SERVICES 60.38 OUT OF A MAXIMUM POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100 54.27 OUT OF A MAXIMUM POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100 60.95 OUT OF A MAXIMUM POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100 58.25 OUT OF A MAXIMUM POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100 69.00 OUT OF A MAXIMUM POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100 37 SOURCE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. TO ACCESS THE COMPLETE MOBILE CONNECTIVITY INDEX, VISIT HTTP://WWW.MOBILECONNECTIVITYINDEX.COM/

  37. E-COMMERCE USE 38

  38. FINANCIAL INCLUSION FACTORS PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION AGED 15+ THAT REPORTS OWNING OR USING EACH FINANCIAL PRODUCT OR SERVICE JAN 2019 HAS AN ACCOUNT WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION HAS A HAS A MOBILE MONEY ACCOUNT MAKES ONLINE PURCHASES AND / OR PAYS BILLS ONLINE CREDIT CARD 37% 7.1% 2.0% 6.6% PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN WITH A CREDIT CARD PERCENTAGE OF MEN WITH A CREDIT CARD PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN MAKING ONLINE TRANSACTIONS PERCENTAGE OF MEN MAKING ONLINE TRANSACTIONS 5.1% 9.3% 6.4% 6.8% SOURCE: WORLD BANK GLOBAL FINANCIAL INCLUSION DATA (LATEST AVAILABLE DATA, ACCESSED JANUARY 2019). NOTE: FIGURES REPRESENT THE PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS AGED 15+, NOT TOTAL POPULATION. 39

  39. MORE INFORMATION 40

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  41. SPECIAL THANKS: GSMA INTELLIGENCE GSMA Intelligence is the unit within the GSMA that houses the organisation’s extensive database of mobile operator statistics, forecasts, and industry reports. GSMA Intelligence’s data covers every operator group, network and MVNO in every country – from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe. Updated daily, it is the most accurate and complete set of industry metrics available, comprising tens of millions of individual data points. Leading operators, vendors, regulators, financial institutions and third-party industry players rely on GSMA Intelligence to support strategic decision-making and long-term investment planning. The data is used as an industry reference point and is frequently cited by the media and by the industry itself. GSMA Intelligence’s team of analysts and experts produce regular thought-leading research reports across a range of industry topics. Learn more about GSMA Intelligence at http://www.gsmaintelligence.com

  42. SPECIAL THANKS: SIMILARWEB SimilarWeb is the pioneer of market intelligence and the standard for understanding the digital world. SimilarWeb provides granular insights about any website or app across all industries in every region. WEB APP GLOBAL COVERAGE GRANULAR ANALYSIS INTELLIGENCE INTELLIGENCE Learn more about SimilarWeb at http://www.similarweb.com

  43. NOTES ON DATA SOURCES POPULATION & DEMOGRAPHICS: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2017 Revision; US Census Bureau (accessed January 2019); United Nations World Urbanization Prospects, 2018 Revision. SOCIAL MEDIA BEHAVIOURS: Time spent on social media from GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*. Facebook reach and engagement data from Locowise (Q4 2018). reported in Facebook’s self-serve advertising tools. Internet connection speed data from Ookla Speedtest (December 2018). Time spent on the internet from GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*. World’s top websites from SimilarWeb (December 2018) and Alexa (30 days to 16 January 2019). Google search insights from Google Trends (data for full year 2018). Data on use of voice search and ad blockers from GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*. Privacy concern insights from Statista Global Consumer Survey 2018. Content streaming insights from GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*. Internet use frequency data from Google Consumer Barometer (accessed January 2018). LITERACY RATES: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNICEF Data; World Bank DataBank; Pew Research; Ethnologue; IndexMundi; CIA World Factbook; Phrasebase (all accessed January 2019). MOBILE USERS & CONNECTIONS: GSMA Intelligence (January 2019); Ericsson Mobility Report (November 2018); Ericsson Mobility Calculator and Visualizer tools (accessed January 2019); GDP & FINANCIAL INCLUSION DATA: World Bank DataBank; IMF Data; CIA World Factbook (all accessed January 2019). MOBILE APPS: App Annie (January 2019); SimilarWeb (January 2019). E-COMMERCE USERS & SPEND: Statista Digital Market Outlook (e-Commerce, e-Travel, and digital media industry reports) (accessed January 2019). GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*; Worldpay Global Payments Report (November 2018). DEVICE USAGE: Google Consumer Barometer (accessed January 2018). Note that data has not been updated in the past 12 months. SOCIAL MEDIA USERS: Company earnings announcements; press releases; remarks by senior platform executives at public events; statements on company websites; reports in reputable media. Top messenger platforms from SimilarWeb (December 2018). INTERNET USERS: InternetWorldStats; ITU Statistics; World Bank DataBank; CIA World Factbook; Eurostat Data Explorer; Facebook’s self-serve advertising tools; Techrasa; MidEastMedia.org; local government authorities and telecom regulatory bodies; reports in reputable media (all accessed January 2019). Mobile Internet share based on data from GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*, and extrapolations of data *METHODOLOGY NOTE: GlobalWebIndex conducts a quarterly survey of a panel of 22 million internet users across 45 countries around the world, representing 90% of the world’s total internet users. For full details of the company’s methodology, please visit http://www.globalwebindex.com/ SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISING AUDIENCES: data extracted from each platform’s self-serve advertising tools (January 2019 and October 2018). Many data points involve further extrapolations of this data.

  44. NOTES ON DATA VARIANCE, MISMATCHES, AND CURIOSITIES This report uses data from a wide variety of sources, including market research agencies, internet and social media companies, governments and public bodies, news media, journalists, and our own internal analysis. It’s unlikely that one hundred percent of internet users in any given country will use the same social media platform though, so in cases where internet and social media user numbers are the same, it’s likely that the actual number of internet users will be higher than the number we’ve reported. Similarly, reports of internet user numbers vary considerably between different sources. In part, this is because there are fewer commercial imperatives for governments and regulators to collect and publish regular internet user data. However, the user numbers published by social media platforms can be a useful proxy for the number of internet users in countries where no other reliable data are available, because all active social media users must have an active internet connection in order to access social media. These data are also more likely to be updated on a regular basis, as social media companies rely on this data to help sell their advertising products and services. Wherever possible, we’ve prioritised data sources that provide broader geographical coverage, in order to minimise the potential variations between data points, and offer more reliable comparison across countries. However, where we believe that an individual metric provides a more reliable reference, we’ve used such individual numbers to ensure the most accurate reporting. Lastly, a number of metrics that we reported in last year’s Global Digital reports have been revised by the original data provider since publication, and as a result, some figures in this year’s reports may appear to have changed in unexpected ways. Wherever we’re aware of these changes, we’ve included details in the footnotes of each relevant chart, but please use caution when comparing data from different reports in case the original base has changed. Furthermore, due to differing data collection and treatment methodologies used by these organisations, and the different sample periods during which data were collected, there may be significant differences in the reported metrics for similar data points throughout this report. In particular, data collected via surveys often vary from one report to another, even if those data were collected by the same organisation using the same approach in each wave. As a result, on occasion, we’ve used the latest addressable advertising audience data from social media platforms’ self-serve advertising tools to inform our internet user numbers, especially in less-developed economies, where ‘official’ internet user numbers are published less frequently. Consequently, there are a number of instances in this report where the reported number of social media users equals the reported number of internet users. If you have any questions about specific data points in these reports, or if you’d like to offer your organisation’s data for consideration in future reports, please email our reports team: reports@kepios.com.

  45. DISCLAIMER AND IMPORTANT NOTES This report has been compiled by Kepios Pte. Ltd. (“Kepios”), We Are Social Ltd. (“We Are Social”) and Hootsuite Inc. (“Hootsuite”) for informational purposes only, and relies on data from a wide variety of sources, including but not limited to public and private companies, market research firms, government agencies, NGOs, and private individuals. anyone else for any direct, indirect, punitive, incidental, special, consequential, exemplary or similar loss or damage, or loss or damage of any kind, suffered by you or anyone else as a result of any use, action or decision taken by you or anyone else in any way connected to this report or the information contained herein, or the result(s) thereof, even if advised of the possibility of such loss or damage. This report contains data, tables, figures, maps, flags, analyses and technical notes that relate to various geographical territories around the world, however reference to these territories and any associated elements (including names and flags) does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Kepios, We Are Social, Hootsuite, or any of the featured brands, nor any of those organisations’ partners, affiliates, employees or agents, concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This report is provided with the understanding that it does not constitute professional advice or services of any kind and should therefore not be substituted for independent investigations, thought or judgment. While Kepios, We Are Social, and Hootsuite strive to ensure that all data and charts contained in this report are, as at the time of publishing, accurate and up-to-date, neither Kepios, nor We Are Social, nor Hootsuite shall be responsible for any errors or omissions contained in this report, or for the results obtained from its use. This report may contain references to third parties, however this report does not endorse any such third parties or their products or services, nor is this report sponsored, endorsed or associated with such third parties. Except for those portions of this report relating to the perspectives of Hootsuite or We Are Social, this report and any opinions contained herein have been prepared by Kepios, and have not been specifically approved or disapproved by Hootsuite. This report is subject to change without notice. To ensure that you have the most up-to-date version of this report, please visit our reports website at https://datareportal.com. All information contained in this report is provided “as is”, with no guarantee whatsoever of its accuracy, completeness, correctness or non-infringement of third- party rights and without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including without limitation, warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Accordingly, neither Kepios, nor We Are Social, nor Hootsuite, nor any of the brands or organisations featured or cited herein, nor any of their partners, affiliates, group companies, employees or agents shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be liable to you or

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