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offshore drilling

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offshore drilling

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  1. UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD PETROLEUM ENGINEERING TRAVEL & LEISURE OFFSHORE DRILLING

  2. introductoin is a mechanical process where a wellbore is drilled below the seabed. It is typically carried out in order to explore for and subsequently extract petroleum that lies in rock formations beneath the seabed

  3. what is oil platform? It is a large structure whose function Is to extract oil and natural gas from the deposits of the sea bed that will then be exported to the coast

  4. Drilling Process The process of drilling for oil and natural gas underseas is much more challenging than drilling on land. 66 Once the offshore drilling platform is built, some method of extracting the oil and gas from beneath the ocean and moving it to the surface without losing it must be developed. To drill without water flowing into the hole or having all the oil surge up into the ocean, a subsea drilling template is used.. To drill these wells, a number of 9 meter drill pipes are connected to form a large drill string used to reach deep into the Earth's crust.[2] Once connected, this string of drill pipes is connected to a device that spins it around, and using the drill bit connected at the bottom of the drill string the pipes grind down into the Earth's surface. This drilling process can take a long period of time, lasting anywhere from weeks to months.[2] During this time, if the bit becomes dull and needs replacement the equipment is moved to the ocean floor in a tube known as a marine riser.......As the borehole moves deeper into the ground, a stream of drilling mud is sent to the drill bit, and then moves back up to the platform. This mud is vitally important to the drilling process as it provides lubrication for the drill bit, seals the wall of the well, and controls pressure inside of the well. Any rock particulates broken off during the drilling process are brought up to the surface, suspended in the drilling mud. A filtration system on the platform filters the mud before sending it to the ocean floor again. Drilling itself happens in phases, with a length of the well drilled and then lined with metallic casing. Each phase of drilling creates a portion of the well with a smaller diameter, each portion lined with casing. Once drilled and cased, a packer is sent down the well which expands and ensures the well is sealed.[2] Although drilling mud helps to control the high pressure experienced when drilling, there is a significant risk of blowout. To prevent this from occurring, drilling rigs are equipped with a blowout prevention system on the seafloor. These systems act by sealing the well with hydraulic rams if pressurized petroleum pushes up the well, moving expelled fluids into containment systems to prevent pollution

  5. The equipment associated with a rig is to some extent dependent on the type of rig but typically includes at least some of the items listed below. List of items 1-Mud tank 2-Shale shakers 3-Suction line (mud pump) 4-Mud pump 5-Motor or power source 6-hose 7-Drawworks 8-Standpipe 9-Kelly hose 10-Goose-neck 11-Traveling block 12-Drill line 13-Crown block 14-Derrick

  6. 15-Racking Board (Sometimes referred to as the Monkey Board) 16-Stand (of drill pipe) 17-Setback (floor) 18-Swivel (On newer rigs this may be replaced by a top drive) 19-Kelly drive 20-Rotary table 21-Drill floor 22-Bell nipple 23-Blowout preventer (BOP) Annular type 24-Blowout preventer (BOP) Pipe ram & blind ram 25-Drill string 26-Drill bit 27-Casing head or Wellhead 28-Flow line LOREM IPSUM DOLOR 

  7. Offshore Drilling Is Bad for the Environment. Here’s Why.      The dangers posed by offshore drilling unacceptable and include are _Oil Spills: On average, spills from platforms, pipelines, tankers, and coastal facilities release 157,000 barrels of oil every year. This poses an unjustifiable risk to the Bay, our coasts, and the economy. _Toxic Pollution: Normal offshore drilling operations release toxic pollution into the air and water. _A Risk to Animals: Wherever there are oil spills and excess pollutants, wildlife is risk. _A Risk to Nature: A major spill could devastate wetlands, beaches, and mudflats.

  8. References  WikimediaCommons.(September19,2015).MobileOffshoreDrillingUnit[Online].Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Mobile-offshore-drilling-unit.gif  RobertLamb.(January6,2016).HowOffshoreDrillingWorks[Online].Available: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/offshore-drilling.htm  AsofthewritingofthispagethetallestskyscraperintheworldisBurjKhalifaat828m,withtheCNTower inCanada(nolongeronthetop10list)at342m(fromhttp://skyscrapercenter.com/buildingsand http://www.cntower.ca/en-ca/plan-your-visit/attractions/glass-floor.htmlrespectively).  IEA.(January6,2016).Oil[Online].Available:http://www.iea.org/aboutus/faqs/oil/

  9. THANK YOU

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