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Research in the Health Sciences

Kerry Sullivan, MLIS Health Sciences Librarian February 2010. Research in the Health Sciences . Your hosts Kerry Sullivan Michelle Hajder QUESTIONS? Please click the Q&A button at the top of the screen and enter your question We will have time for Q&A at the end of the session.

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Research in the Health Sciences

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  1. Kerry Sullivan, MLIS Health Sciences Librarian February 2010 Research in the Health Sciences

  2. Your hosts • Kerry Sullivan • Michelle Hajder • QUESTIONS? • Please click the Q&A button at the top of the screen and enter your question • We will have time for Q&A at the end of the session

  3. This presentation will use browser sharing • When sharing is enabled, this PowerPoint will be replaced with a view of my web browser • You will be able to watch me click, search, use the databases, etc. • You will not be able to interact with the browser • Live Meeting menu buttons will remain at the top of the page

  4. Research in the Health Sciences • What will we be covering? • Selecting and Searching Health Sciences Resources • MeSH, Subject Headings and Indexes • Evidence Based Practice

  5. What makes research in the health sciences so unique? • Health related information and literature is indexed in freely accessible databases and sources maintained by government entities. • The National Library of Medicine (NLM) maintains the records for indexed medical literature and the indexing using MeSH. • Openly accessible research using National Institutes of Health funding.

  6. Index Medicus 1879-2004

  7. Located on the campus of NIH in Bethesda, Maryland, NLM is the world's largest medical library.

  8. Walden Library Resources • MEDLINE with Full Text • CINAHL Plus with Full Text • Cochrane Collection Plus • Other sources: ScienceDirect, SAGE, Ovid and ebooks from NetLibrary and Ebrary

  9. MEDLINE • Covers medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, healthcare systems and preclinical sciences • Available via PubMed for free online at http://www.pubmed.gov • Also accessible through subscription services with enhanced full text content

  10. MEDLINE with Full Text • Provides full text access to over 1450 full text titles • Indexes approximately 5000 biomedical journals • Contains over 18 million citations • Available through the EBSCO search interface

  11. What is MeSH? Medical Subject Headings • Controlled medical vocabulary thesaurus • Terms arranged in an alphabetical and hierarchical structure for searching or browsing • Continually reviewed, revised and updated by a team of MeSH specialists at NLM.

  12. Types of MeSH Records: • Descriptors: usually referred to as the subject(s) of an article • Publication Types: review, clinical trial, editorial, etc. • Geographic: continents, regions, countries, states, etc. • Qualifiers: commonly referred to as subheadings. • Supplementary Concept Records

  13. MeSH Browser http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html

  14. What is this Tree stuff and why does it matter? • MeSH descriptors are organized in 16 categories: category A for anatomic terms, B for organisms, C for diseases, D for drugs and chemicals, etc. • Researches should consult the trees to find additional subjects or search terms • Gain a better understanding how a topic is or is not indexed in MEDLINE

  15. Let’s take a look at MEDLINE…

  16. Remember when searching MEDLINE • Use the MeSH, scope notes and tree structure • Exploding versus Major Concept • Peer Reviewed/Scholarly limit NOT available in MEDLINE • Use Ulrich’s Periodical Directory to verify Peer Reviewed/Scholarly qualification

  17. What is CINAHL? Cumulative Index for Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) is available only through EBSCO Host

  18. CINAHL • Maintains their Subject Headings utilizing MeSH and integrating their own nursing and allied health terms • Highly debated topic regarding using MeSH for nursing and allied health literature

  19. CINAHL Plus with Full Text • Provides full text access for over 750 journals • Indexes the Nursing literature including more than 1,300 journal titles • Some cross indexing with MEDLINE, but better coverage for Nursing in CINAHL

  20. Let’s take a look at CINAHL…

  21. Cochrane Collection Plus • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews • Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects • NHS Economic Evaluation Database • Health Technology Assessments • Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials • Cochrane Methodology Register

  22. The Cochrane Collaboration • An international not-for-profit and independent organization, dedicated to making up-to-date, accurate information about the effects of healthcare readily available worldwide. • To learn more about The Cochrane Collaboration visit http://www.cochrane.org/

  23. For Clinical Topics Anything related to a disease, disorder, diagnosis, therapy (treatment), prevention, intervention or prognosis • Database of Systematic Reviews • Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE)

  24. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews • Contains the systematic reviews which are considered the highest level of evidence • Data is evidence-based and is combined statistically with meta-analysis • Contains full text articles and protocols

  25. Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects • Often referred to as DARE • Contains systematic reviews for which a Cochrane review may not yet exist • Contains full text articles and protocols

  26. Levels of Evidence

  27. Health Costs & Economic Topics • NHS Economic Evaluation Database • Health Technology Assessments

  28. NHS Economic Evaluation Database • Provides information on the costs and effects of drugs, treatments and procedures • Economic evaluations - the cost-benefit analysis of two or more different medical treatments

  29. Health Technology Assessments • Provides details of completed and ongoing health technology assessments • The aim of the database is to improve the quality and cost-effectiveness of health care

  30. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials • An unbiased source of data for systematic reviews • Includes reports published in conference proceedings and in many other sources not currently listed in MEDLINE or other bibliographic databases.

  31. Cochrane Methodology Register • Index of publications that report on methods used to conduct of controlled trials • Contains studies of methods used in reviews and more general methodological studies which could be relevant to anyone preparing systematic reviews.

  32. Evidence Based Practice • Magnet designation – nursing excellence emphasizing autonomy for nurses utilizing evidence for clinical decisions • Medical Training - Physicians are trained to find the evidence and practice evidence based medicine.

  33. Administrators, quality departments, legal counsel and management will all be required to examine the evidence • Electronic Medical Record is redefining the integration of evidence with patient care.

  34. Finding the Evidence • Performing research in the health sciences is a matter of knowing where to find sources and access content. • There are free resources and licensed content. • Important to be familiar with both.

  35. Evidence in Healthcare • Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality • Division of the U.S. Department of Health & Human Service • Mission: To improve the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care for all Americans. • http://www.ahrq.gov/

  36. National Guideline Clearinghouse http://www.guideline.gov/ • A public resource for evidence-based clinical practice guidelines • Initiative of the AHRQ

  37. NLM, NIH & CDC • These resources and databases will be available to you post-graduation if you have no library affiliation and they are free. • This does not mean that they are all full text, but contain citations and abstracts of the indexed literature. • Not all of information is indexed and in databases!

  38. The National Center for Health Statistics is one of the first sources to check for current updates on annual data summaries, present analyses of health topics, or new information on methods or measurement issues.

  39. Centers for Disease Control http://www.cdc.gov/ • The CDC digitized much of their content and made it available online in pdf format. • Their most well known and highly cited publication the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) is one of the featured publications

  40. National Institutes of Health http://www.nih.gov/icd/index.html • Institutes, centers and offices that maintain a body of health related knowledge including statistics, consumer and clinical information • Published information from the institutes are often indexed in MEDLINE, but not all, especially data sets and statistics.

  41. Questions?

  42. ASK – A – LIBRARIAN library@waldenu.edu 800-930-0914 Thank you!

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