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Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers CHAPTER 1 OBJECTIVES Recognize the importance of computer literacy Identify the components of a computer Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Identify the types of software Describe the categories of computers

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers

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  1. Chapter 1Introduction to Computers

  2. CHAPTER 1 OBJECTIVES • Recognize the importance of computer literacy • Identify the components of a computer • Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web • Identify the types of software • Describe the categories of computers • Identify the types of computer users • Discuss various computer applications in society

  3. COMPUTER LITERACY • Computer literacy • Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses • Computers are everywhere!

  4. WHAT IS A COMPUTER AND WHAT DOES IT DO? • Electronic machine controlled by instructions stored in its own memory • Can accept data (input) • raw facts, figures, and symbols • Can process data into information • Can produce results (output) • Can store the results for future use

  5. WHY IS A COMPUTER SO POWERFUL? • Speed • Reliability • Consistency • Storage • Communications

  6. WHAT DOES ACOMPUTER DO? • Information Processing Cycle • Input • Process • Output • Storage • Communication

  7. THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER • Input Devices • Output Devices • System Unit • Storage Devices • Communications Devices

  8. NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET • Network • Collection of computers and devices connected together • Sharing resources • hardware, software, data, information • Types • Local area network - LAN • Wide area network

  9. NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET • Internet: world-wide collection of networks that connects millions of computers • Communications • Information • Shopping • Banking and investing • Classes • Entertainment

  10. NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET • World Wide Web: billions of documents, called Web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet • Web page • Web site • Web browser

  11. COMPUTER SOFTWARE • Software = Computer programs: the series of instructions that tells the computer what to do • Installing programs • Running programs

  12. COMPUTER SOFTWARE • System Software • Operating system • Utility program • User interface • Graphical user interface (GUI)

  13. COMPUTER SOFTWARE • Application Software • Performs specific tasks for users • Examples: Word processing, Spreadsheets, Games, Browsers, and much more • Packaged software • Custom software

  14. COMPUTER SOFTWARE • Software Development • Computer programmers • Programming language

  15. CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS • Personal computers (desktop) • Mobile computers and mobile devices • Mid-range server • Mainframe computers • Supercomputers • Embedded computers

  16. PERSONAL COMPUTERS • Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself • One user • Size: fits on desk or lap • desktop, notebook, laptop • Price: several thousand $ or less

  17. MOBILE COMPUTERS AND MOBILE DEVICES • Input through small keyboard or a stylus; some use voice input • PDA (personal digital assistant) • Provides calendar, appointment book, address book, calculator, notepad • Web-enabled handheld (smart phone) • Price: several hundred $ or less • Tablet PC • Price: several thousand $ or less

  18. MID-RANGE SERVERS • Formerly called a minicomputer • Supports thousands of users • Users connect via a PC or terminal

  19. MAINFRAME COMPUTERS • Large, expensive, very powerful computer • Can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users • Store huge amounts of data, instructions, and information

  20. SUPERCOMPUTERS • Fastest, most powerful computer • Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations. • Examples: weather forecasting, defense

  21. COMPUTER APPLICATIONSIN SOCIETY • Education • Finance • Government • Health care • Science • Publishing • Travel • Industry

  22. Chapter 1 Complete

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