ENV 100T EXceptional Education/snaptutorial.COM

1. ENV 100T Week 1 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam For more classes visit www.snaptutorial.com ENV 100T Week 1 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam In this graded assignment, you are assessed on the content covered in this weeks’ readings, activities, and assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended that you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-Test Learning Activities prior to completing this exam. Click on the Assignments link in WileyPLUS to access the Week 1 Exam. Complete the Week 1 Exam covering this week’s assigned readings:  Ch. 1: The Environmental Challenges We Face  Ch. 2: Sustainability and Human Values  Ch. 3: Environmental History, Politics, and Policy Note: Work submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week in the online classroom to avoid being auto-dropped from the course. Question 1 What is the environmental significance of the process of “consumption”? Consumption can outstrip the natural resources available and lead to overexploitation of the environment.

2. Extravagant consumption can create an environment of raising one’s status among peers. The process of consumption is an economic act, providing the “demand” necessary for the “supply” of the environment. Consumption can generate economic growth that relies significantly on the importation of natural resources, which benefits the environments of less-developed countries. Question 2 Which of the following describes the relationship among population growth, consumption of natural resources, and environmental degradation? When individual demands on natural resources are far greater than the requirements for survival, people in affluent nations deplete resources and degrade the global environment through increased consumption of nonessential items to satisfy their desires. Rapid population growth does not overwhelm and deplete a country’s soils, forests, and other natural resources when the amount of resources essential to an individual’s survival is small.

3. Rate of resource consumption affects the environment far less that the explosion in population. There is no relationship between population growth, consumption of natural resources, and environmental degradation. Question 3 Non-renewable resource is to renewable resource as living is to non-living. limited supply is to sustainable supply. tree is to coal. wind energy is to fossil fuel energy. Question 4 Examples of non-sustainable human activities or behaviors include:

4. recycling attempts to limit human population growth using technology to improve car mileage use of non-renewable fossil fuels Question 5 In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a statement of fact makes a prediction that can be tested is usually proven to be correct can only be tested once

5. Question 6 A state agency has contacted you to do a scientific assessment of kudzu in a nature preserve in southern Georgia. They are concerned about the effects of the non-native invasive vine on a small rare plant that grows on the forest floor in the preserve, but which is found nowhere else in the state. Kudzu is only growing in the east side of the preserve because it hasn’t yet had time to invade further. In order to assess the effects of kudzu on the rare plant, you set up the following experiment: Site 1. On the east side of the park with the kudzu, you set up ten 1m × 1m plots on the forest floor. In each plot you count the number of individuals of the rare plant. Site 2. On the west side of the park without the kudzu, you set up ten 1m × 1m plots of the forest floor. In each plot you count the number of individuals of the rare plant. Which of the following represents the hypothesis that you are testing with this experiment? Kudzu will eventually grow on the west side of the park. Kudzu will kill off the trees in the preserve by strangling them. Kudzu should be removed from the preserve because it is killing the rare plant. Kudzu is negatively affecting populations of the rare plant in the preserve.

6. Question 7 All of the following statements describe environmental science EXCEPT: The goal of environmental science is to try to establish general principles about how the natural world functions. Environmental scientists seek to develop viable solutions to environmental problems that are based as much as possible on scientific knowledge. Since environmental problems are generally complex and scientific understanding of them is often less complete, environmental scientists are often called on to reach scientific consensus before the data are complete. No exceptions, all of the above statements describe environmental science. Question 8 Community members bring information, preferences, and goals that must be incorporated into a policy decisions during which of the five stages of solving an environmental problem?

7. Scientific assessment Risk analysis Public engagement Political consideration Long term environmental management Question 9 What is deep ecology worldview? A radical anthropocentric worldview. A worldview based on the idea that all species have equal worth. An idea that resource consumption is unethical. An expansionist worldview. Question 10

8. Sustainable human activities or behaviors include all of the following EXCEPT: identifying strategies for recycling natural resources. working to limit human population growth. developing technologies to improve car mileage. promoting consumption to improve quality of life. Question 11 The issue that racial and ethnic minorities face unusually high exposure to environmental hazards is a central argument to: racial prejudice environmental justice voluntary simplicity

9. phytoremediation Question 12 What worldview does this photograph BEST represent? A deep ecology worldview. A sustainable consumption worldview. A western worldview. Any environmental worldview. Question 13 Which of the following interact to promote sustainable development? 1 Economically viable decisions 2 Socially equitable decisions 3 Environmentally sound decisions 4 High rate of resources use 5 Rapid population growth

10. 1 and 3 2 and 4 1, 2, and 3 3, 4, and 5 1, 4, and 5 Question 14 What does the image below represent and how does it relate to designing sustainable cities? Residents of squatter community, like this one, must be evicted in order to achieve the goal of making cities more sustainable. Comparing the squatter community in the foreground to the skyscrapers in the back shows how a city can be transformed when sustainable city design is embraced as a goal for re-development.

11. Squatter communities, due to their lower resource consumption, should be left unchanged as living in such conditions is compatible with the goals of sustainable living. Squatter settlements should be improved to provide basic service such as clean water to drink, sewage treatment, and garbage pickup so as to provide a better quality of life for the poorest of the poor. Question 15 Environmental sustainability implies: the actions of humans directly impact the wellbeing of the natural environment future generations will have the resources necessary for quality of life the environment can function indefinitely without going into a decline from the stresses imposed by human society on natural systems all of these choices Question 16 A deep ecology worldview would support all of the following EXCEPT:

12. Nonhuman life forms have value that is independent of the usefulness they may have for narrow human purposes. The richness and diversity of life contribute to the flourishing of life on Earth and humans have no right to reduce this richness and diversity except to satisfy vital needs. The inherent responsibility of individuals to implement changes in society so that humans can flourish. A spiritual respect for life reflected in appreciating quality of life rather than adhering to a high standard of living. Question 17 What does the diagram below illustrate? EIS NEPA

13. NIMBY Kyoto Protocol Question 18 Pollution is considered an external cost because; it has a harmful effect borne only by people who purchased the product that caused it. its cost to the environment is not reflected in the price of the product that produces it. it has a significant impact on the consumer’s decision to buy the product that causes it. it is a hidden cost that would increase demand if the consumer were aware of it. Question 19 Which of the following definitions best describes an environmentalist?

14. A lawyer who works on environmental law. Writers who write about the environmental impact of corporate America. Someone who is concerned about the environment. A scientist who studies the interactions of plants and animals. Question 20 All of the following are examples of conservation EXCEPT: Phoenicians terraced hilly farmland to prevent soil erosion Americans set aside areas as national parks to maintain them in a pristine state Greeks practiced crop rotation to maintain yields on farmland English regulated the number of sheep that can graze in a particular field

15. Question 21 Which of the following is NOT considered in determining net domestic product? GDP population size natural capital profit from use of natural resources Question 22 Whose name is associated with the concept of the land ethic and in which book did he make this argument? George Perkins Marsh in Man and Nature Henry David Thoreau in Walden

16. John Muir in The Yosemite Aldo Leopold in Sand County Almanac Question 23 Laws that impose rules and regulations and set limits of pollution are called: command and control. environmental impact statements. legislative documents. legislative directives. Question 24 According to the graph below:

17. As more and more pollution is eliminated from the environment, the cost of removing each additional unit of pollution decreases. As more and more pollution is eliminated from the environment, the cost of removing each additional unit of pollution increases. Cost of pollution removal is constant regardless of how polluted an area is. Cost of pollution is relative to the type of pollution. Question 25 What is the BEST definition of conservation? Setting aside land and natural resources. Careful management of land and resources. Using land and natural resources based on current needs. Protecting land and natural resources from human activity. ****************************************

18. ENV 100T Week 1-5 All Wileyplus Exams For more classes visit www.snaptutorial.com ENV 100T Week 1 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam ENV 100T Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam ENV 100T Week 3 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam ENV 100T Week 4 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam ENV 100T Week 5 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam **************************************** ENV 100T Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam For more classes visit

19. www.snaptutorial.com ENV 100T Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam In this graded assignment, you are assessed on the content covered in this week’s readings, activities, and assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended that you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-Test Learning Activities prior to completing this exam. Complete the Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam covering this week’s assigned readings:  Ch. 5: How Ecosystems Work  Ch. 6: Ecosystems and Evolution  Ch. 7: Human Population Change and the Environment Note: Work submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week in the online classroom to avoid being auto-dropped from the course. Question 1 Which of the following processes plays an important role in the phosphorus cycle? erosion nitrogen fixation combustion

20. cellular respiration Question 2 Your answer is correct. The nitrogen cycle is one of the most important and complex of the biogeochemical cycles. Why is nitrogen important? It’s an Ozone depleting gas It’s an essential part of biological molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids (DNA) It’s the most toxic element to living organisms Nitrogen dilutes the oxygen in the atmosphere causing respiratory problems Question 3 What is landscape ecology?

21. the study of human-designed communities. the study of the influences of pollution on natural ecosystems. a science exclusively concerned with terrestrial ecosystems. the study of the connections among various ecosystems. Question 4 Which of the following statements is TRUE? Predation only favors the predator with the evolution of more efficient ways to catch prey. Predation only favors the prey with the evolution of more efficient ways to escape predators. Predation exerts a selective force on the prey, favoring characteristics that reduce the probability of capture.

22. Predation exerts a selective force on the predator, favoring characteristics that reduce the probability of prey capture. Question 5 What do we call an area of land that runoff drains into? watershed estuary groundwater niche Question 6 How would an ecologist classify both the animals shown below?

23. decomposers primary consumers producers carnivores Question 7 Nitrogen gas accounts for what percentage of the atmosphere? 0.03% 1% approximately 50% 78% Question 8

24. What is an organism’s role, or lifestyle, within the structure of an ecosystem called? habitat. trophic level. symbiotic relationship. ecological niche. Question 9 What biome is most likely to have the following temperature and rainfall profile? savanna boreal forest tropical rainforest temperate deciduous forests

25. Question 10 Which of the following statements about wildfires is TRUE? They are always damaging for natural environments. They release nutrient minerals that were locked in dry organic material. They encourage the growth of shade-resistant plants. They result in the destruction of the underground stems and buds of grasses. Question 11 Individuals within a population each have a unique combination of traits, which is known as: Genetic variation. Reproductive capacity.

26. Evolution. Differential reproductive success. Question 12 Where would you expect to find the littoral zone of a lake? Shallow water area along the shore Open water area farther from shore with enough sunlight for photosynthesis Deepest known, where light typically does not penetrate effectively Bottom region where organisms tend to attach themselves to one spot Question 13 Which of the following biomes has the HIGHEST biodiversity?

27. boreal forest temperate grassland temperate rain forest tropical rain forest Question 14 Which of the following organizational hierarchies is correct? ecosystem landscape community biome biome community landscape ecosystem community ecosystem landscape biome landscape community ecosystem biome

28. Question 15 Which of the following organisms would be members of a pioneer community on bare rock? grass lichens shrubs ferns Question 16 Which of the following does NOT apply to freshwater wetlands? Anaerobic conditions Accumulation of organic material Water-tolerant vegetation

29. Drought resistant plants Question 17 What are the three main ecological categories of organisms found in aquatic ecosystems? plankton, nekton, fish plankton, benthos, littoral plankton, nekton, benthos benthos, mangal, littoral Question 18 Compact development in urban areas benefits the environment in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

30. by reversing the trend towards urbanization. by reducing air pollution. by preserving rural areas. by increasing open space. Question 19 Which factors eventually cause birth rates to decline during a demographic transition? Birth rates decline due to improved health care and modern medicines. Birth rates decline due to increased education of women. Birth rates decline due to increased contraceptive use. All of these choices ultimately contribute to declining birth rates.

31. Question 20 How do demographers typically measure mortality (death) rate? deaths per 1000 persons per year. deaths per person per year. the number of children who die per year. the total number of deaths per generation. Question 21 Which of the following statements about the graph shown is TRUE? Only Nigeria’s population growth rate is increasing. China’s and Brasil’s fertility rate is below replacement level fertility. Only Egypt’s fertility rate is above replacement level fertility. Mexico and Brazil are both below replacement level fertility.

32. Question 22 Why are high fertility rates generally prevalent in developing countries? Children contribute to the family’s livelihood. Children must care for aging parents. Male children are culturally more desirable, so families continue to have children until male children are born. All of the choices. Question 23 Which of the following statements about population ecology is TRUE? Population ecology only deals with declining populations that are in need of intervention in order to survive.

33. Population ecology focuses on individuals and their interactions, but not the abiotic environment. Population ecology attempts to explain how and why the number of individuals in a given area changes over time. Population ecology is not important to scientists in applied disciplines, such as wildlife management. Question 24 What is the cause of global human population growth over the last 200 years? Higher birth rate Higher fecundity rate Increase in immigration Lower death rate Question 25

34. What can be interpreted for the following two graphs regarding literacy and fertility rates? In general, there are more illiterate men than women. The total number of children a woman has during her life is affected by her education – the more educated a woman is, the greater the number of children she has. Almost 70% of Bangladeshi women and 50% of Bangladeshi men are able to read and write. Based on the connection between education and fertility rates, one would predict that the fertility rate in Mexico would be lower than the fertility rate in Ethiopia as literacy rates are higher in Mexico. **************************************** ENV 100T Week 3 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam For more classes visit www.snaptutorial.com

35. ENV 100T Week 3 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam In this graded assignment, you are assessed on the content covered in this week’s readings, activities, and assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended that you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-Test learning activities prior to completing this exam. Complete the Week 3 Exam covering this week’s assigned readings:  Ch. 12: Mineral and Soil Resources  Ch. 13: Land Resources  Ch. 14: Agriculture and Food Resources Note: Work submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week in the online classroom to avoid being auto-dropped from the course. Question 1 Which of the following statements about nutrient cycling is TRUE? Bacteria and fungi are involved in nutrient cycling as they decompose detritus transforming large organic molecules into small inorganic molecules, including carbon dioxide, water, and nutrient minerals like nitrates. Nutrient cycling is the pathway of various nutrient minerals or elements from the environment through organisms and back to the environment. Nonliving processes are also involved in nutrient cycling, such as the weathering of the parent material replaces some nutrient minerals lost through erosion. All of the above statements are true about nutrient cycling.

36. Question 2 What is the MAIN requirement of reclaiming land degraded by any type of mining operation? To restore them to the same type of ecosystem that existed before mining began on that site. To stabilize the soil so that further degradation does not occur. To create areas for housing subdivisions. To comply with federal law. Question 3 Which minerals would be used to make the following products? A = zinc; B = gypsum A = molybdenum; B = sulfur

37. A = mercury; B = potassium A = nickel; B = magnesium Question 4 Subduction occurs: when one tectonic plate slides underneath another. due to mining activities. because of the Coriolis effect. on the leeward side of a mountain. Question 5 Planting the same crop year after year:

38. increases damage by insects and disease. decreases soil erosion. does not deplete essential nutrients from the soil. will slowly increase crop yields. Question 6 The TWO main reasons that certain areas are not suitable for agriculture are: soil is too dry and soil has chemical problems (e.g. salinization) soil is too shallow and soil is too wet soil is too wet and soil is too dry soil is frozen and soil has chemical problems (e.g. salinization)

39. Question 7 Why does this soil have no O-horizon? The O- horizon has been plowed under for agriculture. Considerable leaching has eliminated the O- horizon. Soil erosion has eliminated the O- horizon. Forest soils like this one have no O-horizon. Question 8 Which of the following statements about soil is NOT TRUE? Soil consists of mineral and organic matter modified by the natural actions of agents such as weather, wind, water, and organisms.

40. Soil formation is a continuous process that takes a long time, sometimes thousands of years, both because the process of rock disintegrating into fine mineral particles is slow, and time is also required for organic material to accumulate in the soil. An area’s terrain influences soil formation — steep slopes encourage soil formation and accumulation while valleys discourage the formation of deep soils. Minerals, the main component of soil, provide anchorage and essential nutrient minerals for plants, as well as pore space for water and air. Question 9 Increased soil erosion may be caused by all of the following EXCEPT: construction of buildings. construction of roads. construction of shelterbelts. clearcutting large forested areas.

41. Question 10 Sustainable forestry: seeks to conserve forests for the long-term commercial harvest of timber and non-timber forest products by maintaining a mix of forest trees, by age and species, rather than imposing a monoculture. due to the complexity of goals, is most effective when it involves cooperation among environmentalists, loggers, farmers, indigenous peoples, and local, state, and federal governments. approaches vary from one forest ecosystem to another, in response to different environmental, cultural, and economic conditions. is all of the above. Question 11 The area shown in the photograph below is an example of: clear cutting

42. contour farming monoculture selective cutting Question 12 How are wilderness areas different from national parks? Only wilderness areas contain large populations of predators like wolves or grizzly bears. No human development is allowed in wilderness areas. Except for research purposes, people are not allowed to visit wilderness areas. Wilderness areas allow grazing and some timber removal.

43. Question 13 In the US land is managed by four government agencies, of which the ___ is the only one NOT in the Department of the Interior. National Park Service U.S. Forest Service U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Bureau of Land Management Question 14 A legal agreement that protects privately owned rangelands, forests or other property from development for a specified number of years is termed: a public rangeland. a national park.

44. a conservation easement. a wildlife corridor. Question 15 Which of the following is NOT a way to slow deforestation? By replanting trees. By managing commercial logging operations. By promoting additional slash-and-burn agricultural practices. By discouraging plantation style agriculture of crops like bananas and palm oil. Question 16 Federally owned land encompasses all of the following EXCEPT:

45. land that that contains important resources such as minerals and fossil fuels land that possesses historical or cultural significance land that provides critical biological habitat no exceptions, all of the above are examples of federally owned land Question 17 Habitat corridors are intended to provide: additional habitat fragmentation. increase in species richness within forest monocultures. a means for controlling insect pests and invasive species. a means of migration so animals can interbreed.

46. Question 18 Subsistence agricultural practices are characterized by all of the following attributes except use of manure as fertilizer. use of draft animals for labor source. water and fossil fuel energy conservation. high crop yield per acre. limited use of agrochemicals. Question 19 One of the problems associated with the “green revolution” is that not enough food is produced for developing countries. it is confined to highly developed countries.

47. it makes developing countries dependent on high-energy consuming imported technologies. it has been rejected by developing countries due to conflicts with customary practices. technology is not advanced enough to make it cost effective. Question 20 Pesticides are effective in decreasing the cost of subsistence farming. increasing the crop damage due to competition with weeds. small concentrations but not in large concentrations. controlling some organisms that cause diseases in humans. attracting particular insects to an area.

48. Question 21 The move away from using techniques that produce high yield and toward methods that focus on long-term sustainability of the soil is known as habitat fragmentation. subsistence agriculture. industrialized agriculture. the green revolution. the second green revolution. Question 22 Which of the following is not a problem associated with industrial agriculture?

49. soil erosion depletion of fossil fuels disposal of livestock wastes habitat fragmentation none, these are all problems associated with industrial agriculture Question 23 Which of the following uses of pesticide can lead to ecological imbalance? pesticides alter the genetic resistance in populations causing the pests to persist. pesticides kill prey thereby causing predators to starve or migrate. Then the prey population rebounds larger than before since predators are gone. bioaccumulation of pesticides in animal tissue can lead to extinction of species.

50. pesticides show mobility, moving other than where they were applied inadvertently killing non-pest organisms. all of the above. Question 24 The decline of Peregrine falcons in the United States due to the use of DDT is an example of? biological magnification bioaccumulation genetic resistance green revolution biological resistance Question 25 Which type of pesticide has fewer deleterious environmental effects? Why?