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Constructing Activities Based on “ Grand Challenges ” Michael Wysession Washington University

Constructing Activities Based on “ Grand Challenges ” Michael Wysession Washington University St. Louis, MO. Many recent efforts at compiling the Geoscience “ Big Ideas ” to help improve general geoscience literacy. The Earth Science Literacy “ Big Ideas: ”

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Constructing Activities Based on “ Grand Challenges ” Michael Wysession Washington University

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  1. Constructing Activities Based on “Grand Challenges” Michael Wysession Washington University St. Louis, MO

  2. Many recent efforts at compiling the Geoscience “Big Ideas” to help improve general geoscience literacy

  3. The Earth Science Literacy “Big Ideas:” 1. Earth scientists use repeatable observations and testable ideas to understand and explain our planet. 2. Earth is 4.6 billion years old. 3. Earth is a complex system of interacting rock, water, air and life. 4. Earth is continuously changing. 5. Earth is the water planet. 6. Life evolves on a dynamic Earth and continuously modifies Earth. 7. Humans depend on Earth for resources. 8. Natural hazards pose risks to humans. 9. Big Idea #9: Humans significantly alter the Earth.

  4. What purpose do they serve?

  5. Nine “Big Ideas” and 75 Supporting Concepts The Framework for new K-12 National Science Standards

  6. A Framework for K-12 Science Education Standards

  7. The Framework for new K-12 National Science Standards The Next Generation Science Standards

  8. The SGT “Big Ideas:”

  9. The SGT “Big Ideas:” What purpose do they serve?

  10. SEISMOLOGY 1. How do Faults Slip? 2. How Does the Near-Surface Environment Affect Natural Hazards and Resources? 3. What is the Relationship Between Stress and Strain in the Lithosphere? 4. How Do Processes in the Ocean and Atmosphere Interact With the Solid Earth? 5. Where Are Water and Hydrocarbons Hidden Beneath the Surface? 6. How Do Magmas Ascend and Erupt? 7. What is the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary? 8. How Do Plate Boundary Systems Evolve? 9. How Do Temperature and Composition Variations Control Mantle and Core Convection? 10. How Are Earth’s Internal Boundaries Affected by Dynamics? 11. Education and Outreach COMPRES 1. Earth’s Habitable Surface: A Consequence of the Planet’s Interior 2. The Magnetic Field, Earth’s Core, and the Deep Mantle 3. The Third Dimension of Plate Tectonics 4. Other Planets, Other Interiors 5. What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? 6. How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? 7. What are the Mechanics of Magmatic Systems? 8. Education and Outreach EARTHSCOPE 1. Imaging the Crust and Lithosphere 2. Active Deformation 3. Continental Evolution Through Time 4. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 5. Earthquakes, Faults, and the Rheology of the Lithosphere 6. Magmas and Volatiles in the Crust and Mantle 7. Topography and Tectonics: Elucidating Time-Space Patterns of Lithospheric Deformation 8. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, and Atmosphere 9. Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcano, and Landslide Hazards 10. Education and Outreach UNAVCO 1. Will the Global Population Have Enough Water to Sustain Itself? 2. How Will Earth Change as Sea Level Rises? 3. How Do Earth’s Glaciers and Ice Sheets Change on Timescales of Months to Decades to Centuries? 4. How Do Tectonic Plates Deform? 5. What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? 6. How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? 7. What are the Mechanics of Magmatic Systems? 8. Education and Outreach STRUCTURE/TECTONICS 1. Surface – Deep Crust Connections 2. Strain and Strain Rates 3. Geodesy, Geodynamics, and Structural Geology 4. Faults, Earthquakes, and Structures 5. Rheology 6. Chemistry and Deformation 7. Climate

  11. SEISMOLOGY 1. How do Faults Slip? 2.How Does the Near-Surface Environment Affect Natural Hazards and Resources? 3. What is the Relationship Between Stress and Strain in the Lithosphere? 4. How Do Processes in the Ocean and Atmosphere Interact With the Solid Earth? 5.Where Are Water and Hydrocarbons Hidden Beneath the Surface? 6. How Do Magmas Ascend and Erupt? 7. What is the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary? 8. How Do Plate Boundary Systems Evolve? 9.How Do Temperature and Composition Variations Control Mantle and Core Convection? 10. How Are Earth’s Internal Boundaries Affected by Dynamics? 11. Education and Outreach COMPRES 1.Earth’s Habitable Surface: A Consequence of the Planet’s Interior 2.The Magnetic Field, Earth’s Core, and the Deep Mantle 3. The Third Dimension of Plate Tectonics 4. Other Planets, Other Interiors 5.What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? 6. How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? 7. What are the Mechanics of Magmatic Systems? 8. Education and Outreach EARTHSCOPE 1. Imaging the Crust and Lithosphere 2. Active Deformation 3. Continental Evolution Through Time 4.Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 5. Earthquakes, Faults, and the Rheology of the Lithosphere 6. Magmas and Volatiles in the Crust and Mantle 7. Topography and Tectonics: Elucidating Time-Space Patterns of Lithospheric Deformation 8. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, and Atmosphere 9.Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcano, and Landslide Hazards 10. Education and Outreach UNAVCO 1.Will the Global Population Have Enough Water to Sustain Itself? 2. How Will Earth Change as Sea Level Rises? 3. How Do Earth’s Glaciers and Ice Sheets Change on Timescales of Months to Decades to Centuries? 4. How Do Tectonic Plates Deform? 5. What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? 6. How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? 7. What are the Mechanics of Magmatic Systems? 8. Education and Outreach STRUCTURE/TECTONICS 1. Surface – Deep Crust Connections 2. Strain and Strain Rates 3. Geodesy, Geodynamics, and Structural Geology 4. Faults, Earthquakes, and Structures 5. Rheology 6. Chemistry and Deformation 7. Climate

  12. SEISMOLOGY How do Faults Slip? How Does the Near-Surface Environment Affect Natural Hazards and Resources? Where Are Water and Hydrocarbons? How Do Plate Boundary Systems Evolve? What is the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary? How Do Magmas Ascend and Erupt? What is the Relationship Between Stress and Strain in the Lithosphere? How Do Processes in the Ocean and Atmosphere Interact With Solid Earth? How Do T & X Variations Control Mantle/Core Convection? How Are Earth’s Internal Boundaries Affected by Dynamics? COMPRES What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? Earth’s Habitable Surface: A Consequence of the Planet’s Interior What are the Mechanics of Magmatic Systems? How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? The Magnetic Field, Earth’s Core, and the Deep Mantle The Third Dimension of Plate Tectonics Other Planets, Other Interiors EARTHSCOPE Earthquakes, Faults, Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcano, and Landslide Hazards Active Deformation Topography/Tectonics: Lithos. Deformation Imaging the Crust and Lithosphere Magmas and Volatiles in Crust and Mantle Continental Evolution Through Time Rheology of the Lithosphere Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, and Atmosphere Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics UNAVCO What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? Will the Global Population Have Enough Water to Sustain Itself? How Do Tectonic Plates Deform? What are Mechanics of Magmatic Sys? How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? How Will Earth Change as Sea Level Rises? How Do Glaciers/Ice Sheets Change? STRUCTURE/TECTONICS Faults, Earthquakes, and Structures Chemistry and Deformation Surface/Deep Crust Connections Geodesy, Geodyn, &Structural Geo Rheology Strain and Strain Rates Climate

  13. SEISMOLOGY How do Faults Slip? COMPRES What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? EARTHSCOPE Earthquakes, Faults, UNAVCO What Physical Processes Control Earthquakes? STRUCTURE /TECTONICS Faults, Earthquakes, and Structures SGT 1. Earthquake Processes

  14. SEISMOLOGY How Does the Near-Surface Environment Affect Natural Hazards and Resources? Where Are Water and Hydrocarbons? COMPRES Earth’s Habitable Surface: A Consequence of the Planet’s Interior EARTHSCOPE Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcano, and Landslide Hazards UNAVCO Will the Global Population Have Enough Water to Sustain Itself? STRUCTURE /TECTONICS SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources

  15. SEISMOLOGY How Do Plate Boundary Systems Evolve? COMPRES EARTHSCOPE Active Deformation Topography/Tectonics: Lithospheric Deformation UNAVCO How Do Tectonic Plates Deform? STRUCTURE /TECTONICS Chemistry and Deformation SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics

  16. SEISMOLOGY What is the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary? COMPRES EARTHSCOPE Imaging the Crust and Lithosphere UNAVCO STRUCTURE /TECTONICS Surface/Deep Crust Connections SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure

  17. SEISMOLOGY How Do Magmas Ascend and Erupt? COMPRES What are the Mechanics of Magmatic Systems? EARTHSCOPE Magmas and Volatiles in Crust and Mantle UNAVCO What are Mechanics of Magmatic Sys? STRUCTURE /TECTONICS SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes

  18. SEISMOLOGY COMPRES How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? EARTHSCOPE Continental Evolution Through Time UNAVCO How Does Earth’s Surface Evolve? STRUCTURE /TECTONICS Geodesy, Geodynamics, and Structural Geo SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution

  19. SEISMOLOGY COMPRES EARTHSCOPE Rheology of the Lithosphere UNAVCO STRUCTURE /TECTONICS Rheology SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology

  20. SEISMOLOGY What is the Relationship Between Stress and Strain in the Lithosphere? COMPRES EARTHSCOPE UNAVCO STRUCTURE /TECTONICS Strain and Strain Rates SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates

  21. SEISMOLOGY How Do Processes in the Ocean and Atmosphere Interact With Solid Earth? COMPRES EARTHSCOPE Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, and Atmosphere UNAVCO How Will Earth Change as Sea Level Rises? How Do Glaciers/Ice Sheets Change? STRUCTURE /TECTONICS Climate SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere

  22. SEISMOLOGY How Do T & X Variations Control Mantle/Core Convection? How Are Earth’s Internal Boundaries Affected by Dynamics? COMPRES The Magnetic Field, Earth’s Core, and the Deep Mantle The Third Dimension of Plate Tectonics EARTHSCOPE Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics UNAVCO STRUCTURE /TECTONICS SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere 10. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics

  23. SEISMOLOGY COMPRES Other Planets, Other Interiors EARTHSCOPE UNAVCO STRUCTURE /TECTONICS SGT 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere 10. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 11. Other Planets

  24. COMBINED 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere 10. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 11. Other Planets New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences (NROES) 1. The Early Earth 2. Thermo-Chemical Internal Dynamics and Volatile Distribution 3. Faulting and Deformation Processes 4. Interactions among Climate, Surface Processes, Tectonics, and Deep Earth Processes 5. Co-evolution of Life, Environment, and Climate 6. Coupled Hydrogeomorphic-Ecosystem Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Change 7. Biogeochemical and Water Cycles in Terrestrial Environments and Impacts of Global Change 8. Recent Advances in Geochronology Education and Outreach

  25. COMBINED 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere 10. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 11. Other Planets New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences (NROES) 1. The Early Earth 2. Thermo-Chemical Internal Dynamics and Volatile Distribution 3. Faulting and Deformation Processes 4. Interactions among Climate, Surface Processes, Tectonics, and Deep Earth Processes 5. Co-evolution of Life, Environment, and Climate 6. Coupled Hydrogeomorphic-Ecosystem Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Change 7. Biogeochemical and Water Cycles in Terrestrial Environments and Impacts of Global Change 8. Recent Advances in Geochronology Education and Outreach

  26. COMBINED 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere 10. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 11. Other Planets New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences (NROES) 1. The Early Earth 2. Thermo-Chemical Internal Dynamics and Volatile Distribution 3. Faulting and Deformation Processes 4. Interactions among Climate, Surface Processes, Tectonics, and Deep Earth Processes 5. Co-evolution of Life, Environment, and Climate 6. Coupled Hydrogeomorphic-Ecosystem Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Change 7. Biogeochemical and Water Cycles in Terrestrial Environments and Impacts of Global Change 8. Recent Advances in Geochronology Education and Outreach

  27. COMBINED 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere 10. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 11. Other Planets New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences (NROES) 1. The Early Earth 2. Thermo-Chemical Internal Dynamics and Volatile Distribution 3. Faulting and Deformation Processes 4. Interactions among Climate, Surface Processes, Tectonics, and Deep Earth Processes 5. Co-evolution of Life, Environment, and Climate 6. Coupled Hydrogeomorphic-Ecosystem Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Change 7. Biogeochemical and Water Cycles in Terrestrial Environments and Impacts of Global Change 8. Recent Advances in Geochronology Education and Outreach

  28. COMBINED 1. Earthquake Processes 2. Hazards and Resources 3. Active Tectonics 4. Lithosphere Structure 5. Magmatic Processes 6. Surface Evolution 7. Rheology 8. Stress, Strain, and Strain Rates 9. Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Atmosphere 10. Deep Earth Structure and Dynamics 11. Other Planets New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences (NROES) 1. The Early Earth 2. Thermo-Chemical Internal Dynamics and Volatile Distribution 3. Faulting and Deformation Processes 4. Interactions among Climate, Surface Processes, Tectonics, and Deep Earth Processes 5. Co-evolution of Life, Environment, and Climate 6. Coupled Hydrogeomorphic-Ecosystem Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Change 7. Biogeochemical and Water Cycles in Terrestrial Environments and Impacts of Global Change 8. Recent Advances in Geochronology Education and Outreach

  29. Geodesy Tectonics Structural Geology Rheology Geophysics Mineral Physics

  30. What are the “Practices” that can bring out these “Big Ideas” at a college level? • Asking Questions and Defining Problems • Developing and Using Models • Planning and Carrying Out Investigations • Analyzing and Interpreting Data • Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking • Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions • Engaging in Argument from Evidence • Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information

  31. What are the “Practices” that can bring out these “Big Ideas” at a college level? • Asking Questions and Defining Problems • Developing and Using Models • Planning and Carrying Out Investigations • Analyzing and Interpreting Data • Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking • Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions • Engaging in Argument from Evidence • Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information

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