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autonomic nervous system

18 Nov. 2009. ANS.ppt. 2. Autonomic Nervous System. Functionally defined part of Peripheral Nervous System.Regulate visceral activity -- heart, blood vessels, digestive organs, urinary sys., most glands, parts of reproductive systems, etc.Mostly automatic, involuntary.. 18 Nov. 2009. ANS.ppt. 3. Autonomic Nervous System.

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autonomic nervous system

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    1. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 1 Autonomic Nervous System

    2. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 2

    3. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 3 Autonomic Nervous System

    4. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 4 Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic Division Parasympathetic Division

    5. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 5 Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic Division Parasympathetic Division

    6. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 6 Sympathetic Division Stress responses Increased pulse & respiratory rate Vasoconstriction to skin & viscera Sweating (cold sweat) Release of "adrenalin” (epinephrine) Inhibition of digestive activity Loss of appetite

    7. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 7 Parasympathetic Division Relaxation responses Slower pulse & respiratory rate Increased blood flow to skin & viscera Increased digestive activity SLUD Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Digestion/Defecation Increased reproductive interest, receptiveness Penile erection, engorgement of vulva

    8. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 8 Autonomic Nervous System: Anatomy Two kinds of efferent neurons Preganglionic neuron/axon Cell body in CNS, axon to autonomic ganglion (usu. myelinated)

    9. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 9 Autonomic Nervous System: Anatomy Two kinds of efferent neurons Ganglionic neuron Cell body in ganglion, postganglionic axon to effector (unmyelinated)

    10. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 10 Parasympathetic: Anatomy Ganglia Terminal, = intramural ganglia in walls of viscera, close to effector cells Preganglionic axons relatively long

    11. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 11 Parasympathetic: Anatomy Connection of ANS to CNS Craniosacral Division preganglionic neurons from cranial nerves III, VII, IX, preganglionic neurons from sacral spinal nerves S2-S4

    12. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 12 Parasympathetic: Anatomy Parasympathetic pathway Hypothalamus & brain stem Cranial or sacral outflow Long preganglionic axon to intramural ganglion Short ganglionic neuron (postganglionic axon)

    13. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 13 Sympathetic: Anatomy Ganglia Sympathetic trunk = sympathetic chain ganglia paired on either side of vertebrae Prevertebral = collateral ganglia unpaired among abdominal viscera Celiac ganglion Superior mesenteric ganglion Inf. mesenteric ganglion

    14. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 14 Sympathetic: Anatomy Ganglia Sympathetic trunk = sympathetic chain ganglia paired on either side of vertebrae Prevertebral = collateral ganglia unpaired among abdominal viscera Celiac ganglion Superior mesenteric ganglion Inf. mesenteric ganglion

    15. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 15 Sympathetic: Anatomy Connection of ANS to CNS Sympathetic = Thoracolumbar Division Preganglionic neurons from T1 - L2 Rami communicantes connect spinal nerves to sympathetic chain ganglia.

    16. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 16 Sympathetic: Anatomy Sympathetic pathway Hypothalamus & brain stem Spinal segment T1-L2 Preganglionic axon to ganglion Synapse with ganglionic neuron Postganglionic axon to effector.

    17. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 17 Sympathetic: Anatomy Adrenal medulla One in each adrenal gland Develops as “misplaced” sympathetic ganglion Neuron-like cells without axons Secrete epinephrine, norepinephrine

    18. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 18 “Dual Innervation” Most organs innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions (Table 14.4). Sympathetic only: Adrenal medulla, sweat glands, arrector pili, kidney, liver (by epinephrine) Arteries (constriction of most, dilation in skeletal muscles) Parasympathetic only: Ciliary muscle of eye contracts for near vision Penis/clitoris erection; vaginal lubrication

    19. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 19 Autonomic neurotransmitters Parasympathetic Preganglionic axons ACh Postganglionic axons ACh All “cholinergic” Sympathetic Preganglionic axons ACh (“cholinergic”) Postganglionic axons norepinephrine (NE) “adrenergic”

    20. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 20 Cholinergic (ACh) receptors Nicotinic receptors (excitatory) Somatic neuromuscular junctions Parasympathetic ganglionic dendrites (in ganglia) Sympathetic ganglionic dendrites (in ganglia) Adrenal medulla cells

    21. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 21 Cholinergic (ACh) receptors Muscarinic (excitatory or inhibitory) Parasympathetic effectors Smooth muscle cells Cardiac muscle cells; inhibition of cardiac muscle Slows heartbeat

    22. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 22 Adrenergic receptors All Sympathetic Alpha receptors bind specifically to Norepinephrine (NE) pupil dilation constriction of some arterioles constriction of renal arteries ? decreased urine production contraction of spleen ? more blood into circulation

    23. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 23 Adrenergic receptors Beta receptors bind specifically to Epinephrine (E) constrict salivary gland arterioles ? decrease salivation liver cells, glycogen ? glucose in blood adipocytes, stored fat ? glycerol & fatty acids in blood increase heart rate & force of contraction dilate arteries to skeletal muscle, constrict others decrease GI tract activity relax urinary bladder wall

    24. 18 Nov. 2009 ANS.ppt 24 ANS Interactions:A day in a life Sympathetic Commuting, traffic Pop quiz Late for appointment Caught in rain shower Soaked!! Cold! 1st date: I like him, does he like me? Parasympathetic Second cup of coffee Bathroom Lunch with friends Home, warm shower Great dinner! Mmmm. Good night kiss!! He likes me!

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