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Kingdom: Plantae The Primitive Plants Chapter 16

Kingdom: Plantae The Primitive Plants Chapter 16. Biology WAGGY. Chapter Objectives. 1. Taxonomy of the Primitive Plants 2. Division: Bryophyta 3. Division: Anthocerotophyta 4. Division: Marchantiophyta 5. Division: Pteridophyta 6. The function of Stems 7. The structure of Leaves.

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Kingdom: Plantae The Primitive Plants Chapter 16

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  1. Kingdom: PlantaeThe Primitive PlantsChapter 16 Biology WAGGY

  2. Chapter Objectives • 1. Taxonomy of the Primitive Plants • 2. Division: Bryophyta • 3. Division: Anthocerotophyta • 4. Division: Marchantiophyta • 5. Division: Pteridophyta • 6. The function of Stems • 7. The structure of Leaves

  3. Chapter Objective • 1. Taxonomy of the Primitive Plants

  4. Taxonomy • What does it take to belong to the Plant Kingdom? • Must be multicellular, eukaryotic, with cell walls made of cellulose, & perform photosynthesis • What do plants need? • Sunlight • Water • Minerals • CO2 (Photosynthesis) • Oxygen (Cellular Respiration)

  5. Domain: Eukarya • Kingdom: Plantae • Division:There are 12 but we will only cover 4 in this chapter: • Division: Bryophyta (moss) • Division: Anthocerotophyta (hornworts) • Division: Marchantiophyta (Liverworts) • Division: Pteridophyta (ferns)

  6. Chapter Objective • 2. Division: Bryophyta

  7. Division: Bryophyta • The mosses • Very primitive plants, don’t have true leaves stems or roots • Must grow near water or in areas of constant moisture • Life cycle is completely connected to water - Reproduction cannot happen without it

  8. Mosses do not have a way to effectively move water and minerals through bodies so must remain very small - they are nonvascular plants • Move water against gravity by using osmosis - limits their growth potential

  9. Moss Reproduction • Each plant is actually made up of two plants! • A gametophyte: produces gametes (sperm & egg) • A sporophyte: produces spores • The two generations alternate in dominance, reproduction is called Alternation of Generations

  10. Non vascular plants like ferns & mosses must have water present in order to reproduce • The water splashes the spores off of one leaf onto another leaf that contains an egg • When the two meet, fertilization occurs & a new sporophyte grows right from the top of the gametophyte

  11. Human uses for mosses • WWI: to pack wounds -moss has antibacterial properties • Burns: moss can hold a large amount of cool fluids • Anti-cancer drugs • Environmental indicators - by watching the health of moss we can monitor the health of an environment

  12. Chapter Objective • 3. Division: Anthocerotophyta

  13. Division: Anthocerotophyta • The Hornworts • Nonvascular plants like moss • Must live in damp soil year round • Gametophyte is a flat leaf that lays on ground • Sporophyte is horn shaped - how it gets its name

  14. Chapter Objective • 3. Division: Marchantiophyta

  15. Division: Marchantiophyta • The Liverworts • Nonvascular plant • Must live in moist soil year round • Gametophyte: Flat leaf shaped like a liver lays flat against ground - how it gets its name • Sporophyte: umbrella shaped

  16. Chapter Objective • 5. Division: Pteridophyta

  17. Division: Pteridophyta • The Ferns • More advanced than mosses, hornworts and liverworts but still considered a primitive plant • Has true leaves, stems but not roots • Has a vascular system which allows it to move water and minerals better so they can grow much bigger than the mosses • Still requires water for reproduction

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