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What are the study limitations, and how should they be stated

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What are the study limitations, and how should they be stated

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  1. WHAT ARE THE STUDY LIMITATIONS,ANDHOW SHOULDTHEYBESTATED? AnAcademicpresentation by Dr.NancyAgnes,Head,TechnicalOperations, Pubrica Group: www.pubrica.com Email:sales@pubrica.com

  2. 01 02 03 TodayDiscussion Introduction Importanceofstudy limitations PossibleMethodological Limitations Goalsofpresenting limitations Conclusion

  3. Inbrief Astudy'slimitsareitsdefectsordeficiencies,which could be due to a shortage of resources, a limited sample size, or faulty methodology, among other things. Thereisnosuchthingasaflawlessstudycoveringall potentialaspects.Asaresult,addressingthe limitations of your research demonstrates honesty and integrityandathoroughcomprehensionofthesubject. contd...

  4. However,thestudy'slimitationsarethoseaspectsofthedesignormethodologythatimpactedor influencedthesubmissionorinterpretationofthefindings. Finally,theyarelimitationsonthecasereportwritingservicesgeneralizability and usability of findingsthataretheoutcomeofthestudydesignandthemethodemployed toestablishinternal and externalvalidity.

  5. Introduction Allstudieshavelimitations,regardlessoftheirshape, from qualitative researchto clinical trials. Limitations areflawsinthestudythatmayimpacttheresearch's resultsandconclusions. Thepurposeofdiscussinglimitationsistoofferthe readerhelpfulinformation;nevertheless,constraintsin medical education articles are frequently disregarded or reduced to rudimentary and insignificant themes (e.g., single-institutionstudy,useofself-reporteddata, or smallsamplesize). contd...

  6. Thisproblem is alsoprevalent inotherareasofmedicalresearch.Medicalstudies, for example, sometimes neglect to disclose how restrictions may have influenced study findingsandinterpretations,despitetheclinicalimplications. Furthermore,readersarefrequentlyremindedofthefundamentalweaknessof observationalstudies,whichistheinabilitytoinfercausation(2). Researchers miss opportunities to express the significance of their work adequately, demonstrate how their work improves a more critical topic under study, and offer prospectiveareasforadditionalexploration bydisclosinggenericlimitsorignoringthem entirely.

  7. Importanceofstudylimitations Always be aware of the limits of a case studyreport writing. It is far better for you to recognize and admit thelimitationsofyourstudyratherthandevisingthem pointed out by your professor and receiving a worse gradebecause you appeartohaveoverlookedthem. Remember that acknowledging a study's shortcomings providesachancetomakerecommendations forfuture research.Forexample,ifyoulinkyourstudy'slimitations tofutureresearchideas,describehowyourfindings mayhelpconcentratetheseoutstandingconcerns. contd...

  8. Because you must assess the effects of those limits, claiming limits is a subjective procedure.Don'tonlymentionthestudy'ssignificantflawsandthesizeofitslimitations. Itlowersthecredibilityofyourstudysinceitleavesthereaderwonderingwhetheror howlimitationsinyourinvestigationinfluencedthefindingsandconclusions.Limitations necessitateathoroughexaminationandassessmentoftheirinfluence. Youshouldrespondto thefollowingquestion:dotheseerrors,methods,validity,and otherissueseventuallymatter,andifyes,towhatextent? Therearelimitationstoeverystudy. contd...

  9. However,itwouldhelpifyouconfinedyourdiscussionto limitsrelevant totheresearchsubject underconsideration. Forexample,ameta-analysisofcurrentliteratureshouldnotbediscussedasalimitationifit is not astatedobjectiveofyourresearch. Donotapologizeforfailingtoaddresstheconcernsyoupromisedto lookintoinyourpaper.

  10. Whatarethestudylimitations,and howshouldtheybestated? ConceptualorDefinition Terms(e.g.,Transfusiondependence,supportivecare)operation-allydefinedinan inconsistentmanner Qualityoflifeinconsistently conceptualizedor defined DesignorMethodology Lackofprospectivedesigns Poorcontrolofconfoundingvariables Lackofobjectivemeasurementofconfountingvariables Quality-of-lifemeasurementsnotwelltimedtotransfusionor theraphy Best supportive care is left to clinician discretion ratherthan developed into specific protocol (e.g.,whenandamounttotransfuse) Variabletimeintervalsbetweendatacollectionpoints Briefstudyduration(often12weeksorshorter) Result Impact of theraphy on quality of life unknowninthosewhoweredroppedfrom syudy Long-termimpactoftheraphyon quality of lifeunknown Specificimpactonsocialoremotional domainsnotwellknown Analysis Intent-to-treatanalysisnottypically used Smallsamples Highattritionrates Dataoftenpooledbetweenstudyarms

  11. PossibleMethodologicalLimitations Samplesize—thenumberofunitsofanalysisyou utilizeinyourstudyisdeterminedbytheresearch problemyou'relookingat. It's worth noting that if your sample size is too small, findingsignificantrelationshipsfromthedatawillbe difficult, as statistical tests typically need a larger samplesizetoensureanillustrativedistributionof the population and to be considered characteristic ofgroupsofpeopletowhomtheresultswillbe generalized ortransferred. contd...

  12. Lack of available and reliable data — a lack of data or reliable data will almost certainlyforceyoutolimitthescopeofyourstudyandthesizeofyoursample,oritwill beamajorobstacletodiscoveringatrendandarelevantlink. Notonlyshouldyoumentiontheserestrictions,butyoushouldalsoexplainwhyyou believedata is missingoruntrustworthy.Don'tthrowupyourhandsinfrustration;usethis asachancetoexplainwhymoreresearchisneeded. Deficitofpriorresearchstudiesonthetopic—mentioningearlierstudiesservesas the foundation for your literature review and helps understand the research challenge you're looking into. However, there may be little prior research on your research topic, dependingonits currency orscope. contd...

  13. Measures used to collect data — it's not uncommon to realize after you've finished interpretingthefindingsthatthewayyouacquireddatatroubledyourability toperform athoroughanalysisoftheresults. For example, you may regret the error of a question from a survey that, in retrospect, couldhavehelpedresolve aproblemthatsurfacedlaterintheresearch.Recognizethe flaw by mentioning that future research will need to revise the specific medical data collectionapproach. Self-reported data is limited because it can rarely be independently confirmed, whetherrelyingonpre-existingself-reporteddataorconductingaqualitativeresearch studyandacquiringityourself. contd...

  14. However, there are several potential sources of bias in self-reported data that should be acknowledgedaslimitations:(1)exaggeration[theactofexaggerating positiveeventsand outcomesto one'sagencybutattributingadverseeventsandoutcomes to externalforces]; telescoping[recalling events thatoccurredatonetimeasiftheyoccurredatanothertime]; attribution[attributing positive eventsandoutcomesto one'sagencybutattributingadverse eventsandoutcomestoexternalforces];and, selective memory(rememberingornot remembering experiencesoreventsthatoccurredin thepast)4).

  15. Goalsofpresentinglimitations Medical educationscholarship should produce empiricalevidencethataddstoourknowledgeand understanding of education, informs educational practiceandprocess,andactsasaforumforother researcherstolearnfrom. It is a vital component of the scientific method to providestudylimitations.Withoutthem,study consumers cannot completely comprehend potential exclusionregionsorotherbiasesthat mayaffectthe findingsandconclusions. contd...

  16. Byhighlightinggapsincurrentresearchandexisting literature,studylimitationsshouldleavethereader interestedinfutureimprovements,developingother researchers'curiosityanddesiretofurtherthelineof academicinvestigation. Thelimitsofastudyshouldpresentresearchfindings intheirpropercontextsothatreaderscanjudgethe reliability of a study's conclusion and generalize findingsappropriately(5).

  17. Conclusion Finally, by ignoring or presenting shortened and generalizedlimits,authorsmayberestrictingthe impactoftheirresearch. We provide several examples of limitations to consider; however, because limitations help the reader focus on key findings, it is critical to address onlythemost importantlimitationsofthestudy relatedtothespecificresearchproblemratherthan thegenerallimitationsthat moststudiesface. contd...

  18. First,it'scritical not torestrainthestudy'sor outcomes' shortcomings. Instead, the findings and theirlimitationsmusthelpreadersdistinguishcurrent researchandexistingliterature.Theseproblems might be alleviated if academic and research institutions implemented policies and expectations tohelpauthorsadequatelydescribelimitations.

  19. AboutPubrica Pubrica provides excellent manuscript editing services. Editing is sometimes mistaken for proofreading, which is the correction of grammar, spelling,andotherminorproblemsattheendofthe editingprocess. Scientific writing editing is reviewing and organizing theworkmaterialtomakeitmorebriefandprecise. Themethodminimizeswordinessandidiom,allowing forimprovedcommunication.

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