CS/COE0447 Computer Organization & Assembly Language

1. CS/COE0447Computer Organization & Assembly Language Chapter 5 Part 3 Short reference version

2. Multi-Cycle Execution: R-type • Instruction fetch • IR <= Memory[PC]; sub $t0,$t1,$t2 • PC <= PC + 4; • Decode instruction/register read • A <= Reg[IR[25:21]]; rs • B <= Reg[IR[20:16]]; rt • ALUOut <= PC + (sign-extend(IR[15:0])<<2); • Execution • ALUOut <= A op B; op = add, sub, and, or,… • Completion • Reg[IR[15:11]] <= ALUOut; $t0 <=ALU result

3. Multi-cycle Execution: lw • Instruction fetch • IR <= Memory[PC]; lw $t0,-12($t1) • PC <= PC + 4; • Instruction Decode/register read • A <= Reg[IR[25:21]]; rs • B <= Reg[IR[20:16]]; • ALUOut <= PC + (sign-extend(IR[15:0])<<2); • Execution • ALUOut <= A + sign-extend(IR[15:0]); $t1 +-12 (sign extended) • Memory Access • MDR <= Memory[ALUOut]; M[$t1 + -12] • Write-back • Load: Reg[IR[20:16]] <= MDR; $t0 <= M[$t1 + -12]

4. Multi-cycle Execution: sw • Instruction fetch • IR <= Memory[PC]; sw $t0,-12($t1) • PC <= PC + 4; • Decode/register read • A <= Reg[IR[25:21]]; rs • B <= Reg[IR[20:16]]; rt • ALUOut <= PC + (sign-extend(IR[15:0])<<2); • Execution • ALUOut <= A + sign-extend(IR[15:0]); $t1 + -12 (sign extended) • Memory Access • Memory[ALUOut] <= B; M[$t1 + -12] <= $t0

5. Multi-cycle execution: beq • Instruction fetch • IR <= Memory[PC]; beq $t0,$t1,label • PC <= PC + 4; • Decode/register read • A <= Reg[IR[25:21]]; rs • B <= Reg[IR[20:16]]; rt • ALUOut <= PC + (sign-extend(IR[15:0])<<2); • Execution • if (A == B) then PC <= ALUOut; • if $t0 == $t1 perform branch

6. Multi-cycle execution: j • Instruction fetch • IR <= Memory[PC]; j label • PC <= PC + 4; • Decode/register read • A <= Reg[IR[25:21]]; • B <= Reg[IR[20:16]]; • ALUOut <= PC + (sign-extend(IR[15:0])<<2); • Execution • PC <= {PC[31:28],IR[25:0],”00”};

7. Fig 5.28 Our final multicycle datapath

8. A FSM State Diagram