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Accommodating Students with Psychiatric Disabilities

Accommodating Students with Psychiatric Disabilities. Al Souma, Disability Support Services Seattle Central Community College DO-IT, University of Washington. What is Mental Illness?.

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Accommodating Students with Psychiatric Disabilities

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  1. Accommodating Students with Psychiatric Disabilities Al Souma, Disability Support Services Seattle Central Community College DO-IT, University of Washington

  2. What is Mental Illness? • Mental illness is a term that refers collectively to all diagnosable mental disorders causing severe disturbances in thinking, feeling, relating and functional behaviors. These disorders result in substantially diminished capacity for coping with the ordinary demands of life.

  3. Postsecondary Students with Disabilities • More than 400,000 students enrolled in U.S. postsecondary institutions report having a mental illness or emotional disturbance. • (National Center for Education Statistics, 1999)

  4. ACCOMMODATION THE REMOVAL OF BARRIERS TO PARTICIPATION

  5. The Emphasis is on ACCESSNOT on outcome

  6. Laws Requiring Reasonable Accommodations • 1973 Rehabilitation Act, Section 504 • 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act

  7. Symptoms of a Mental Health Problem • Chronically missing class • Assignments consistently late • Extreme highs or lows in mood, anxieties • Problem concentrating, remembering • Marked personality change • Confused or disorganized thinking • Thinking or talking about suicide • Denial of obvious problems

  8. Major Depression • Mood disorder • Depressed mood over long period • Lack of pleasure in activities • Thoughts of suicide • Sleep and appetite changes • Low self esteem • Feeling guilty and/or worthless

  9. Bipolar Affective Disorder • Previously Manic Depressive Disorder • Mood disorder • Revolving periods of mania and depression • Either grandiose, euphoric, highly productive/creative, or depressed, withdrawn, hopeless

  10. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder • Anxiety Disorder • Exposure to traumatic event • Flashbacks • Dissociations

  11. Schizophrenia • Thought Disorder • Delusions, hallucinations, paranoia • Difficulty with daily functional tasks • Poor interpersonal relationships • Concrete thought processing • Need for structured routine

  12. Anxiety Disorders • Generalized Anxiety Disorder • Excessive worry in general • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Consuming fixation and ritualistic behaviors • Panic Disorder • Overwhelming physiological event • Social Phobias • Incapacitating fear of social interactions • Specific Phobias • Intense fear of specific object, event

  13. Medication Side Effects • Drowsiness • Fatigue • Excessive thirst • Blurred vision • Hand tremors • Initiating Interpersonal contact

  14. Functional Limitations • Screening out environmental Stimuli • Sustaining concentration • Maintaining stamina • Handling time pressures and multi-tasks • Interacting with others • Fear of authority figures • Responding to negative feedback • Responding to change • Severe test anxiety

  15. Strategies for Inclusion in College • Teach to various learning styles--visual, auditory, kinesthetic • Increase experiential learning activities • Increase knowledge and acceptance of mental illness • Be prepared to set behavioral limits • Know campus mental health resources • Work cooperatively with students • Assist students with time management

  16. Principles of Accommodation • Address individual needs • Respect student’s desire for confidentiality • Engage in joint problem solving • Make all accommodations voluntary • Review accommodations periodically • Be flexible in enforcing policies • Identify accommodations clearly

  17. Accommodations are NOT Reasonable if they... • Pose a direct threat to the health or safety of others • Make substantial changes in essential elements of the curriculum • Require substantial alteration to educational opportunities/course objectives • Pose undue financial or administrative burden

  18. Possible Classroom Accommodations • Preferential seating, near door • Assigned classmate as assistant • Beverages permitted • Prearranged or frequent breaks • Tape recorder, note taker • Early availability of syllabus, text • Text, assignments in alternate formats • Personal and private feedback

  19. Possible Examination Accommodations • Change in test format • (Written to oral and vise versa, dictation, scripted, typed) • Permit use of computer software • Exams in alternate format (portfolio, demo) • Extended test taking time • Individual proctoring • Separate, quiet room for testing • Increased test frequency.

  20. Possible Assignment Accommodations • Substitute assignments in specific circumstances • Advance notice of assignments • Allow assignments hand written • Written rather than oral, or vise versa • Change format: drama, role-play, sculpture • Assignment assistance--ask • Extensions on assignments

  21. Resources • ADA: American Disability Association (1-800-514-0303 (voice) TTY 1-800-514-0383) • Anxiety Disorder Association of America (http://www.adaa.org/) • AHEAD (http://www.ahead.org) • Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (http://WEB.bu.edu/sarpsych) • DO-IT The Faculty Room (http://www.washington.edu/doit/faculty/) • Judge Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law (http://www.bazelon.org/) • Office of Civil Rights: Region 10 (206-220-7900) • National Alliance for the Mentally ill (NAMI) (http://www.nami.org) • National Institute of Mental Health (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/)

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