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Carbon Capture and Storage

Carbon Capture and Storage. Based on the 4 th Clean Coal Symposium held in Regina, October 23-24. Outline. Coal Use and the CO 2 problem Alternative solutions to adverse environmental problem Current Clean Coal Technologies, and their future CCS test projects Conclusions.

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Carbon Capture and Storage

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  1. Carbon Capture and Storage Based on the 4th Clean Coal Symposium held in Regina, October 23-24

  2. Outline Coal Use and the CO2 problem Alternative solutions to adverse environmental problem Current Clean Coal Technologies, and their future CCS test projects Conclusions

  3. CO2 production Coal for electricity generation is, and will be, a primary energy resource, but we need to focus more effort on lowering its impacts.

  4. CCS cost and Scenarios Capture and pressurization ~ $25/tonne CO2 Transportation and Storage ~ $5/tonne CO2

  5. CO2 Capture It will increase the electricity price between 40 to 60% Create uncertainty New plant: Post-Combustion, Oxy-fuel or IGCC? Existent Power plant Retrofit for CO2 capture? Post-Combustion or Oxy-fuel? Rebuilt for CO2 capture? Post-Combustion, Oxy-fuel or IGCC?

  6. Future context It appears that IGCC with capture technology will win .. but … IGCC availability ~ 70% PC availability ~ 90%

  7. IGCC SynGas C + H2O -> CO + H2 H2 + CO -> HxCy + CO2

  8. What is GHG emission? • Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) (Fossil-fuel combustion, Land-use conversion, Cement Production) • Methane (CH4) (Fossil fuel production and combustion, Agriculture, Waste decomposition ) • Nitrous Oxide (NOx) (Fertilizer, Industrial processes, Fossil fuel combustion ) • Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) (Refrigerants) • Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) (Aluminum smelting, Semiconductor manufacturing ) • Sulfur Hexafluoride (SH) (Dielectric fluid used in electrical equipment ) GHG = CO2e = CO2 + 21*CH4 + 310*N2O + (140, 11700)*HFC + + (6500, 9200)*PFC + 23900*SH

  9. Carbon Capture and Storage - It is an approach to mitigate global warming by capturing carbon dioxide from large point sources storing the CO2 instead of releasing it into the atmosphere. • Applied ot fossil fuel power plants. • Technology for large scale capture of CO2 is already commercially available and fairly well developed. • The long term storage of CO2 is a relatively untried concept.

  10. The Halten Project – STATOIL - Norway

  11. Technologies and CCS

  12. CCS cost and Scenarios Capture and pressurization ~ $25/tonne CO2 Transportation and Storage ~ $5/tonne CO2

  13. CO2 Capture It will increase the electricity price between 40 to 60% Create uncertainty New plant: Post-Combustion, Oxy-fuel or IGCC? Existent Power plant Retrofit for CO2 capture? Post-Combustion or Oxy-fuel? Rebuilt for CO2 capture? Post-Combustion, Oxy-fuel or IGCC?

  14. CO2 Storage 747 Mt CO2e – in Canada (2005) 235 Mt CO2e – in Alberta (2005) 129 Mt CO2e – in E&H in Canada (2005) 52 Mt CO2e – in Electricity in Alberta (2004) Weyburn project (World’s the largest full-scale MMV project) Capacity: 30 Mt CO2 Rate storage: around 1 kt CO2/day We need projects of 1 to 2 Gt CO2/year

  15. Weyburn project

  16. Weyburn project

  17. Weyburn project

  18. Weyburn project

  19. Weyburn project

  20. Weyburn project

  21. Conclusion

  22. Clean Coal Based on the 4th Clean Coal Symposium held in Regina, October 23-24

  23. CERI cost of electricity

  24. Coal types and properties

  25. Future context It appears that IGCC with capture technology will win .. but … IGCC availability ~ 70% PC availability ~ 90%

  26. Coal - Reference coals

  27. Coal Consumption

  28. Forecasts - Coal consumption

  29. PC plant

  30. SCPC w and w/o capture

  31. USCPC w and w/o capture

  32. CFB

  33. IGCC w and w/o capture

  34. IGCC technology

  35. IGCC and PC plants w/capture

  36. COE IGCC plants

  37. COE – PC plants

  38. PC vs IGCC plants

  39. Forecast - Electricity production

  40. PC vs IGCC - Capital Cost

  41. COE for GHG emission gases

  42. COE PC vs IGCC

  43. IGCC potential

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