Download
1 / 17
170 likes | 177 Vues
The Second War for Independence & the Upsurge of Nationalism 1812 - 1824. Pageant Chapter 12. The United States – 1800-1803. 1a. A Scary War With Britain. The War of 1812 – “The Second War for Independence” The newborn United States vs. Great Britain
E N D
The Second War for Independence & the Upsurge of Nationalism 1812 - 1824 Pageant Chapter 12
1a. A Scary War With Britain • The War of 1812 – “The Second War for Independence” • The newborn United States vs. Great Britain • Though the United States has had much to celebrate since gaining independence, they were not unified as we may think they were. • Britain was still the most powerful country in the world, and the United States nearly lost this war. • The ultimate lesson the War of 1812 taught the United States was: A divided country will not survive. National unity was needed.
1b. A Scary War With Britain • At the time the United States declared war on Britain, it was 1812, and Britain was also fighting a foe in Europe, Napoleon Bonaparte and France. • However in 1814, Napoleon was defeated and exiled from France and no longer a threat to Britain. • Now the United States faced a triumphant Britain alone…
1c. A Scary War With Britain • Major military points of the War of 1812: • America had naval success in Lake Erie and Lake Champlain under Oliver Hazard Perry • August 1814 – Washington is burned by the superior British army; President Madison forced to escape • Americans successfully defended Baltimore at Fort McHenry, which inspired Francis Scott Key to write the Star Spangled Banner • General Andrew Jackson also successfully defended New Orleans from a British assault; raising national morale • The Treaty of Ghent resulted in an armistice and the end of the war. There was no winner, and conquered territory was given back • Americans were relieved that they had simply survived Great Britain again so them this was a victory.
1d. A Scary War With Britain • The Hartford Convention • The War of 1812 was supported mostly by the southern and western states. New England opposed the war and even traded illegally with Britain during the war. There was even talk of secession • When the war was almost over, the Hartford Convention was held in Connecticut, a meeting composed of New England delegates from MA, CT, RI, NH, and VT. • Their demands: They wanted compensation for lost trade during the war, an amendment for a 2/3 vote before an embargo could be imposed, and to get rid of the 3/5 compromise. • End of the Federalists: This convention made the Federalists terribly unpopular and seen as a threat to national unity. After the war, they were finished.
2. Nationalism and the American System • The War of 1812 brought a fresh sense of national pride and unity to the U.S. • Literary works were produced by writers such as Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper. • A new capitol building was being rebuilt in Washington. • A second Bank of the United States was chartered in 1816. • Prosperity!
2. Nationalism and the American System • The new era of nationalism was spreading in every part of American life, even economy. It was all about what is American! Not foreign! • THE TARIFF OF 1816 – The first of many tariffs we will learn. • Tariffs are passed to make money, but the Tariff of 1816 was simply a protective tariff. What the heck does that mean? • Protective tariffs raise the prices of cheaper foreign goods so people will buy the same goods domestically therefore helping the U.S. economy. • Congressman Henry Clay comes with the idea of the American home market – not reliable on foreign goods. • 1) A strong banking system providing easy credit. • 2) Protective tariffs to raise prices of foreign goods. • 3) A network of roads and canals for domestic trade.
3. Monroe, Sectionalism, and the Missouri Compromise • 1817 - A new president – James Monroe • Revolution veteran; co-purchaser of Louisiana Territory • His term is known as the “Era of Good Feelings” • But not all was going so well…the North and South begin their intense struggle over equality • 1820 – The North has control of the House of Representatives • The Senate is even • New states are being added, one free, one slave, and so on, to keep an equal balance of free and slave states but…a new state, Missouri, threatens the balance…. • Henry Clay once again shows up – the Missouri Compromise of 1820
3. Monroe, Sectionalism, and the Missouri Compromise • 1) Admitted Missouri as a slave state • 2) Admitted Maine as a free state • 3) Slavery was prohibited in the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase north of the southern boundary of Missouri. (the 36-30 line)
3. Monroe, Sectionalism, and the Missouri Compromise • 1) Admitted Missouri as a slave state • 2) Admitted Maine as a free state • 3) Slavery was prohibited in the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase north of the southern boundary of Missouri. (the 36-30 line)
3. Monroe, Sectionalism, and the Missouri Compromise • Monroe was an expansionist president • He wanted Europe completely out of American affairs for good. • Sec. of State John Quincy Adams signs a treaty with Britain in 1818 to share Oregon Territory. • Meanwhile, General Andrew Jackson sweeps across Florida and eventually we completely purchase it from Spain in 1819. • To once and for all shut Europe out of American affairs, Monroe issues his doctrine in 1823. • 1) Europe will no longer colonize the Western Hemisphere or it is an act of war. • 2) Europe will no longer intervene in affairs in the Western Hemisphere or it is an act of war.
