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THE LONDON UNDERGROUND

THE LONDON UNDERGROUND. AKA “The Tube” Oldest underground network in the world 270 stations 11 lines 270 miles 3.2 million passengers. Why underground?. Congested streets No transport links to the City. Idea by Charles Pearson Received financial backing in 1854 Opened 1863

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THE LONDON UNDERGROUND

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  1. THE LONDON UNDERGROUND

  2. AKA “The Tube” • Oldest underground network in the world • 270 stations • 11 lines • 270 miles • 3.2 million passengers

  3. Why underground? • Congested streets • No transport links to the City

  4. Idea by Charles Pearson • Received financial backing in 1854 Opened 1863 Opened 1868 Opened 1884 Charles Pearson Solicitor , City of London

  5. Construction Cut and Cover Method

  6. The Tunnelling Shield • Invented by James Henry Greathead • Deep underground tunnels • Eliminated disruption • Protected workers and stopped tunnel subsiding • https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=YDFpC4O0roA#t=220s

  7. Dig three metres a day • First line finished in four years Used in the construction of:

  8. Last line: extension of Jubilee Line, 1999 • Connected Canary Wharf financial district Tunnel constructed by Kawasakio Earth Pressure Balance (E.P.B) boring machine https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=2W6KLvwz-CU#t=47s

  9. The trains • Steam trains • Ventilation • Used on sub-surface • lines

  10. First used 1890 • Deep level tube lines • Cleaner, quieter, faster

  11. The Tube today

  12. The Future • Currently under construction • “Underground mainline” service • Connect the City, Heathrow and West End with commuter areas • Direct travel across the • city • Reduce congestion on • Tube

  13. New trains: • 200m long • 1500 person capacity • Accessible for people with restricted mobility • Comfortable passenger experience

  14. Paddington

  15. Tottenham Court Road

  16. Canary Wharf

  17. The Route

  18. New York City Subway • First line opened in 1904 • 10 major trunk lines • 421 stations • Runs some 24 hour lines

  19. Paris Metro • 16 lines • 301 stations • Main construction 1900-1920 • Dense network 245 stations within 34 sq miles

  20. Tokyo • 8.7 million passengers a day • 13 lines • 274 stations • Began operation 1927

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