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H. Lammer and M. L. Khodachenko

Exoplanet Science within EU projects AstroNet and Europlanet. H. Lammer and M. L. Khodachenko Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria. What is ASTRONET?. ERA-NET: European Research Area - Networks. ERA-NET, funded by EU FP6 (2.5 M€/4 yr from Sept 2005)

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H. Lammer and M. L. Khodachenko

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  1. Exoplanet Science within EU projects AstroNet and Europlanet H. Lammerand M. L. Khodachenko Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria

  2. What is ASTRONET? ERA-NET: European Research Area - Networks • ERA-NET, funded by EU FP6 (2.5 M€/4 yr from Sept 2005) • Coordinator: CNRS/INSU • Board Chair: Johannes Andersen (NOTSA) • Participating agencies BMBF (Germany), CNRS/INSU (France), INAF (Italy), MEC (Spain), NOTSA (Nordic), NWO (Netherlands), PPARC (UK), PT-DESY (Germany), ESO • Associates: MPG (Germany), ESA + Sweden, Greece, DFG, Lithuania, Poland… Web site:www.astronet-eu.org

  3. Background & Motivation • Investments needed by European astronomy to ~ 2020: • Will cost ??? B€ • Will be funded to only ~5% by EU funds (e.g. FP7) • The national funding agencies will pay the bulk of ALL projects • The funding agencies want to see a plan for ALL this: • Optical/IR, radio, space, particles, AVO, Human Resources, … • They founded ASTRONET to give us the chance to present • a comprehensive, coherent plan for what we want to achieve • (~ Prototyping a (better) counterpart of the US Decadal Surveys)

  4. Work Programme 2005- 2009 • A Science Vision for European astronomy with a 20 year horizon • An Infrastructure Roadmap matching the Science Vision • Coordinated initiatives to improve transparency and coordination of planning and management procedures in European astronomy in a permanent way • Involve ALL European communities in this endeavour

  5. Developing the Science Vision:Four broad science questions A: Do we understand the extremes of the Universe? B: How do galaxies form and evolve? C: What is the origin and evolution of stars and planetary systems? D: How do we fit in?

  6. Panel C • What is origin and fate of stars & planetary systems? How do stars and stellar systems form? Is the initial mass function of stars universal? What do we learn by probing stellar interiors? What is the life-cycle of stars, gas and dust? How do planetary systems form and evolve? What are the demographics of planets in the Galaxy? How do we tell which planets harbour life? • Members Leonardo Testi (chair), Rafael Rebolo (co-chair) Wolfgang Brandner, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard, Ewine van Dishoeck, Stephane Guilloteau, Pavel Kroupa, Didier Queloz, Massimo Turatto, Christoffel Waelkens

  7. Panel D • How do we fit in? What can the Sun tell us about other stars and vice versa? What causes Solar variability and how does it affect us? What is the dynamical history of the Solar system? What can we learn from Solar system exploration about its formation and evolution? Where should we look for life in the Solar system? • Members Oskar von der Lühe (chair), Therese Encrenaz (co-chair), Willy Benz, Angioletta Coradini, Michelle Dougherty, Artie Hatzes, Richard Harrison, Christoph Keller, Hans Rickman, Tilman Spohn, Jose Carlos del Toro Iniesta

  8. The ASTRONET infrastructure roadmap Example: Chapter 4 4Ultraviolet, Optical, Infrared and Radio/mm Astronomy (Panel B) 50 4.1Introduction 50 4.2High-Priority New Projects 54 4.2.1Ground-based, near-term (-2015) 54 4.2.1.1Development of Wide-Field, Multiplexed Spectrographs for Large Optical Telescopes 54 4.2.2Ground-Based, Medium-Term (2016-2020) 56 4.2.2.1The European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) 56 4.2.2.2The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) 59 4.2.2.3Timeline for E-ELT and SKA Decision Process – Recommendation 63 4.2.3Space-Based, Near-Term (-2015) 66 4.2.3.1GAIA Data Analysis and Processing 66 4.2.4Space-Based, Medium-Term (2016-2020) 68 4.2.4.1EUCLID (formerly DUNE and SPACE) 68 4.2.4.2PLATO – Planetary Transits and Oscillations of Stars 70 4.2.4.3Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) 71 4.2.5Space-Based, Long-Term (2020+) 72 4.2.5.1Darwin and FIRI 72

  9. In agreement with Cosmic Vision Among the large-scale missions, the gravitational-wave observatory LISA and the X-ray observatory XEUS/IXO were ranked together at the top. Next were the TANDEM and LAPLACE missions to the planets Saturn and Jupiter and their satellites. One of these will likely be selected in early 2009; it will then compete with IXO or LISA for the next L slot. ExoMars was ranked highly as well, just below TANDEM/LAPLACE, but does not compete directly with the other science missions as it belongs to a different programme (Aurora). The longer-term missions Darwin (search for life on “other Earths”), FIRI (formation and evolution of planets, stars and galaxies), and PHOIBOS (close-up study of the solar surface) were also deemed very important. However, they still require lengthy technological development, so it was regarded as premature to assign detailed rankings to these three missions at this stage. Among medium scale investments, science analysis and exploitation for the approved Horizons 2000 astrometric mission GAIA was judged most important. Among proposed new projects in this category, the dark energy mission EUCLID and then Solar Orbiter were ranked highest. Next, with equal rank but different maturity, are Cross-Scale (magnetosphere), Simbol-X (a non-ESA X-ray project), PLATO (exoplanet transits) and SPICA (far-infrared observatory). Below these mission is Marco Polo (near-Earth asteroid sample return).

  10. ASTRONET Call for proposals

  11. ASTRONET proposal selection

  12. Selected ASTRONET proposals From 11 submitted proposals 5 were selected Proposal 1 PI: Prof. dr. Marc Sauvage Title: «Compressed Sensing for Herschel» (CSH) Funding agencies involved: CNRS, FWF Proposal 2 PI: Dr. Patrick Hennebelle Title: «Star Formation Models and Tools: A Theoretical Database» (STAR FORMAT) Funding agencies involved: BMBF, CNRS Proposal 3 PI: Prof. dr. Peter Schilke Title: «Coherent set of Astrophysical Tools for Spectroscopy» (CATS) Funding agencies involved: BMBF, CNRS, SRC Proposal 4 PI: Dr. Jes Jørgensen Title: «Adaptive Radiative Transfer Innovations for Submillimeter Telescopes» (ARTIST) Funding agencies involved: BMBF, MICINN, NWO Proposal 5 PI: Prof. dr. Marc Sauvage Title: «Tools for Advanced Map-making, Analysis, and Simulations of Sub-mm surveys» (TAMASIS) Funding agencies involved: CNRS, FWF, NWO The final decision to fund projects will be undertaken by the national funding agencies participating in this call. Following the formal national decisions, more information will be made available.

  13. The EUROPLANET project in FP6 http://europlanet.cesr.fr/

  14. Key figures • Project duration: 48 months • Budget: 2 M€ • - Number of labs involved: > 60 • 17 countries represented • The EC contribution will: • set-up the network • stimulate exchanges and joint research activities • But not fund research internal to participants

  15. ESA-linkedmissions in Europe FP7 Extension CoRoT + NASA-led & other space agency missions with some European participation (MSL, Dawn, …)

  16. Discipline Working Groups N2 DWG 7

  17. Integrated andDistributed Information Service (IDIS) N7 ! Exoplanet research

  18. Plasma node

  19. Plasma Node: SC 3.4

  20. N2 DWG 7 (exoplanets) proposed key people Europlanet DWG 7 –Exoplanets: Coordinators: H. Lammer plasma physics & planetology: IWF/ÖAW, Graz, Austria Co-Coordinator/ atmospheres & characterisation: G. Tinetti UCL, London, UK V. Coudé du Foreto: Paris Meudon, CNRS, Paris, France C. S. Cockell: Open University, Milton Keynes, UK M. L. Khodachenko: IWF/ÖAW, Graz, Austria F. Selsis: Obs. Bordeaux / ENS-CRAL, CNRS, Lyon, France A. Boccaletti: Paris Meudon, CNRS, Paris, France M. Ollivier: IAS, Paris Sud, France A. Sozzetti: INAF, Italy J.-P. Beaulieu: IAP, Paris, France H. Rauer, DLR Berlin, Germany J. Schneider, Paris Meudon, CNRS, Paris, France A. A. Konovalenko, Institute of Radioastronomy, Kharkov, Ukraine M. Fridlund: ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands + maybe 2 new colleagues in FP7 E. Szuszkiewicz, Univ. Szczecin, Poland L. V. Ksanfomality, LDPP/IKI, Moscow, Russian Federation For meetings additional experts also from the US, China, etc. can be supported!

  21. Extracting the maximum amount of planetary science from future exoplanet missions • A strong roadmap for precursor scientific activities which are needed to extract the maximum amount of science from future European ground-based observation campaigns (e.g. ELTs) and space missions (CoRoT – already in orbit -, GAIA, Euclid/PLATO, etc.) related to: • exoplanet characterisation (e.g., atmospheric/planetary parameters) • habitability • studying terrestrial planets under extreme radiation and plasma conditions - magnetosphere detection • etc. • has to be prepared and developed further The existing but modified EUROPLANET N2 DWG7 could act as a support for the science community related to networking activities, etc. within the EUROPLANET FP7 project

  22. Goals of the newly structured N2 DWG7 • Identification and coordination of interdisciplinary scientific areas which are strongly related and important for future exoplanet atmospheric characterisation within the available scientific expertise of the European planetary community • The newly structured DWG7 will build up stronger connections among the scientific expertise within the exoplanet community and the other Europlanet DWGs, as well as with the solar system community - DWG1: atmospheres, ionospheres, exospheres - DWG2: magnetospheres and plasmas - DWG3+5: surface science + planetary moons - DWG4+9: small bodies and dust + solar system formation - DWG6: exo/astrobiology - DWG8: planetary interior and composition • By focusing the expertise of scientists from different fields in the planning phase of exoplanet projects, the impact of the science drivers on design parameters (orbit, mission duration, optics size and layout, detectors and back-ends, etc.) could be well established • The aim is that the new structured N2 DWG7 is an involved in the identification of design concepts, which will optimize the scientific return of future space and ground based exoplanet missions

  23. Building of connections and networking • Via N2 DWG7 connections to other EU funded networks (OPTICON, RadioNet, AstroNet) that will concentrate on the technical aspects, will be established • Further tasks of DWG 7 will be the monitoring of on-going developments related to exoplanet ground- and space-based projects • We will establish and maintain relationships with other planet finding missions with emphasis on NASA’s TPF mission, prepare material and reports for the review process by EUROPLANET and ESA’s advisory bodies and public outreach activities • A strong connection with N3 activities should be established • Two, 1 to 2 day meetings of the DWG7 separated or connected to ordinary Europlanet N2 related strategic workshops may be needed per year to establish the proposed tasks. Reports will be prepared and mailed to the N2 and N3 main coordinators • Other DWG members will be briefed about the activities and the outcome of the proposed DWG7 meetings during N2 related strategic workshops, so that the above mentioned activities can be discussed and distributed to the other coordinators within the Europlanet management structure (N1)

  24. Illustration of the DWG 7 relations BDT initiative N3 support for Blue Dot support- exoplanet roadmap preparation, related to ground and space basedprojects etc.

  25. H.O. Rucker1, S. Miller2, M.L. Khodachenko1 1 IWF-OeAW, Graz, Austria 2 UCL, London, UK N3 in FP7 EUROPLANET NA1 / WP#2: Observational Infrastructure Networking „Maximizing the synergies between the key elements of Europe`s infrastructure in Planetary Science: Ground-based telescopes and space missions“

  26. NA1: Observational Infrastructure Networking • Continuation in FP7: 3 key scientific areas • Planetary aurorae • Small solar system objects • Airless bodies in the solar system 12 workshops are planned in the 3 key areas 3 additional workshops planned in response to international developments and targets of opportunity Blue Dots can take the opportunity for meeting support

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