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In the wake of Plessy v . Ferguson

In the wake of Plessy v . Ferguson. Black America in the late 19 th and early 20 th Century. Post-Reconstruction Backlash. Jim Crow segregation laws Exodusters to Kansas “Talented Tenth” move northward (NY, Chicago). Plessy v . Ferguson. “separate but equal”. The Great Migration.

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In the wake of Plessy v . Ferguson

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  1. In the wake ofPlessyv. Ferguson Black America in the late 19th and early 20th Century

  2. Post-Reconstruction Backlash Jim Crow segregation laws Exodusters to Kansas “Talented Tenth” move northward (NY, Chicago)

  3. Plessyv. Ferguson “separate but equal”

  4. The Great Migration Movement from rural South to urban North Response to segregation and violence Rise of urban ghettos

  5. Violence in the North Increased with the Great Migration Spread of the KKK Lynchings

  6. The 1920s – Disillusionment

  7. How to respond to segregation?

  8. Booker T. Washington • Economic equality, social separation (aka The Atlanta Compromise) • Former slave • His advice to blacks: be the “most patient, faithful, law-abiding and unresentful people that the world has seen” • Confidential advisor to Theodore Roosevelt • Successes – • 1904 – fought against exclusion of blacks from juries • 1911 – Supreme Court ruling banning peonage (involuntary servitude for debt)

  9. W.E.B. DuBois Black nationalism and immediate equality Harvard educated Professor of economics, history & sociology at Atlanta University 1905 – founded the Niagara Movement 1909 – founded the NAACP Editor of The Crisis Pan-Africanist Joined the Communist Party in 1957 and in 1960 renounced his American citizenship and moved to Ghana

  10. Marcus Garvey Black nationalism Self-pride, self-motivation, self-sufficiency Racial separation – rejected assimilation & integration Called for whites to leave Africa and for many Blacks to move to Africa Died without ever going to Africa

  11. UNIA Encourage commercial & industrial pursuits By the mid 1920s – 700 branches in 38 states The Negro World (Garvey’s paper) Liberty Hall Black Star Line of Ships

  12. Foreshadowing…

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