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Database Fundamentals

Knowledge expected for students entering MIS 4663<br>

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Database Fundamentals

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  1. Database Fundamentals Knowledge expected for students entering MIS 4663

  2. Data Process Information System Infrastructure Organization Information Systems

  3. R e v i s i o n & I t e r a t i o n Problem Identification & Planning Understanding the Current Situation Selection of the Best Alternative Business or Logical Requirements Physical Design, Coding & Testing Implementation Maintenance TheSDLC

  4. System An inter-related set of components, with identifiable boundaries, working together for some purpose.

  5. Analysis The process of identifying problems, opportunities, requirements, constraints, and resources.

  6. Design The business of finding a way to meet the functional requirements within the specified constraints using the available technology.

  7. Zachman Framework Network or Data ProcessesTechnology Lists of entities important to the business Overview of technology architecture. Lists of functions that the business performs. (BPM) Ballpark (Business Scope) Enterprise communication diagram Functional Hierarchy Diagram Owner (Business Model) E-R Diagrams (Entity Level) E-R Diagrams (Attribute Level) Distribution Diagram Designer (IS Model) Dataflow Diagrams Database Design Configuration Design Process Specifications Builder (Technology Model) Schema and Sub-schema Definition Detailed (Technology Specification) Configuration Definition Program Code Working Application Installed Infrastructure Functional System Physical Tables

  8. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) • Often called Waterfall Model • Iterative Process • Control cost and time • Budgets • Project timelines and deadlines • Works best with well understood systems • Employed on most large development projects.

  9. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Problem Identification &Planning Understanding Current Situation Selection of Best Approach Business or Logical Requirements Physical Design, Coding and Testing Implementation Maintenance Hoffer, George & Valacich

  10. SDLCCriticisms • Process Overhead • Significant time and resource costs. • Project Milestones • Discourages iterative changes to higher level models in • light of lower level developments. • Not suited for poorly understood systems. • Difficult to apply if system requirements are not well • defined. • Testing Methodology • Bottom up testing may result in components that work • separately but not together.

  11. Database Fundamentals • E/R Modeling • Decompose a narrative description into a data model that includes entities, relationships and constraints • Use the E/R paradigm to develop enterprise (high level) models, conceptual models, and relational models as needed • Identify attributes and domain constraints for them

  12. Database Fundamentals • Normalization • Decompose a database into 3NF relations from an attribute set. • Use normalization to recognize design errors in existing databases

  13. Database Fundamentals • SQL • Create data access retrievals (SELECT statements) from existing databases. • Single table queries with conditions (SELECT … WHERE …) • Joins (SELECT … WHERE … KEY1 = KEY2) • Subset and group conditions (SELECT … WHERE … GROUP BY … HAVING …)

  14. Database Fundamentals • Access programming • Create a multi table database including 1:m and m:n relationships • Create a program that includes forms, reports, macros and navigation using controls

  15. Database Fundamentals For general use • DBMS operation • Understand how database management systems provide concurrency control, • Understand backup and recovery using commits and rollbacks and checkpoints • Understand integrity and how it is managed • Explain other DBMS functions

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