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‘Irrigation-Plus’

‘Irrigation-Plus’. 'Health, wealth, and gender issues’ by Barbara van Koppen & Eline Boelee. Irrigation for pro-poor growth 1960s. Agriculture as engine for economic growth: ‘trickle-up’ poverty eradication through economic growth (IFAD) Irrigation as driver of Asian Green Revolution

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‘Irrigation-Plus’

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  1. ‘Irrigation-Plus’ 'Health, wealth, and gender issues’ by Barbara van Koppen & Eline Boelee

  2. Irrigation for pro-poor growth 1960s • Agriculture as engine for economic growth: ‘trickle-up’ poverty eradication through economic growth (IFAD) • Irrigation as driver of Asian Green Revolution • Smallholders: higher production, higher incomes, more wellbeing • Wage laborers: labor creation (also for women) • Net food buyers: lower prices • Multiplier effects • Targeting matters

  3. Irrigation for pro-poor growthafter 2000 • Agriculture out of fashion – swinging back now in Africa; Growing competition by world markets? Import protection ? • A range of forms of water management in agriculture – year-round storage, individual appropriate technologies, rainwater harvesting/soil moisture retention, rainfed agriculture • Irrigation – plus: • the step • large-scale irrigation in arid areas • homestead sufficiency

  4. Peter Lee, ICID in Mexico WWF 4 Irrigation – plus!

  5. De facto multiple-use

  6. De facto multiple-use

  7. Irrigation - plus • Livestock, gardening, tree growing, fisheries, crafts, industries: higher values of irrigation schemes • Domestic uses: main benefit for women • Incremental capital costs: 10-15 percent • Rehabilitation: irrigation-plus by design, building on de facto mus

  8. Irrigation-plus by design: the step !

  9. Punjab - Pakistan: Irrigation-plus by design – 1

  10. Punjab - Pakistan: Irrigation-plus by design - 2

  11. Punjab - Pakistan: Irrigation-plus by design – 3

  12. Punjab - Pakistan: Irrigation-plus by design - 4

  13. Punjab - Pakistan: Irrigation-plus by design - 5

  14. Punjab - Pakistan: Irrigation-plus by design - 6

  15. ponds/ tanks Ethiopia

  16. Thailand National Policy:‘Economic sufficiency’ Farmers’ wisdom networks : Bottom-up testing and upscaling of multiple water uses from multiple sources

  17. Multiple sources, multiple uses, quantity and quality, seasons

  18. An example layout of successful practices • Mr. Saman Piyawong’s plot layout at Kandong, Buriram

  19. South Africa • MaTshepo Khumbane grassroots activist, Eva Masha, Emily Masha Strydkraal • Department of Water Affairs and Forestry • Subsidies for household tanks • National guidelines for Multiple-use approaches by local government

  20. House water recycling Family 5-year food security“helicopter plan” Family time management Food gardening Eva digging her dam

  21. Emily’s triumph Oct-Nov 2003: digging storage to catch more 16 Oct 2003: Awareness!catching the first rain 19 Jan 2004: “We have buried the hunger”

  22. Water Quality • Medical science norms and mandates: ‘illegal’ 1980s: • Many water sources sufficiently clean, also seepage • Water quantity more important for health and hygiene than water quality • Go for incremental improvements instead of imposing unrealistic norms

  23. Upstream treatment

  24. Point of use treatment

  25. Water quantity • Irrigation planners: ‘domestic uses are negligible volumes’ • Issue is year-round availability and siting • Competition for new systems and in dry season?

  26. Priority domestic uses • Overflow to irrigation tank

  27. Gender in participatory planning Example: SADC IWRM demonstration projects Zambia: WWF Katuba and Namwala communities in Kafue basin

  28. Water resource mapping

  29. Resources, uses, and institutions; problems and vision

  30. Prioritization of uses by vulnerability and gender

  31. Prioritization of uses by vulnerability and gender

  32. From prioritization to short-term vision & action-plan

  33. Priorities by zone

  34. Gender in IWRM • Domestic: sharing the unpaid chores • Productive: equal opportunities for women and men

  35. Thank You

  36. Irrigation for pro-poor growth • Agriculture as engine for economic growth • Irrigation as driver of Asian Green Revolution • Smallholders: higher production, higher incomes, more wellbeing • Wage laborers: labor creation (also for women) • Net food buyers: lower prices • Targeting matters • Investments in a range of water management in agriculture • World markets? Import protection?

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