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Assessment and Contract Planning

Assessment and Contract Planning. Chapter 7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES. Understand the appraisal in assessing client system needs and building a contractual relationship for intervention and service delivery Develop problem-solving skills to mobilize client system strengths and resource capabilities

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Assessment and Contract Planning

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  1. Assessment and Contract Planning Chapter 7

  2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Understand the appraisal in assessing client system needs and building a contractual relationship for intervention and service delivery • Develop problem-solving skills to mobilize client system strengths and resource capabilities • Develop skills for transforming client system problems into needs and measurable goals and objectives • Develop skills for negotiating and prioritizing goals and intervention options • Develop skills for establishing a contract and creating a structure for monitoring and evaluating proposed interventions

  3. Assessment • Assessment is not a health diagnosis although it can include a health related diagnosis. • It includes the critical appraisal of the person-in-environment psychosocial functioning and configuration. • It is inherently linked to empirical data collection for identified problems, needs, and goals. • It includes the client system strengths, assets, and resource gathering and problem-solving capacities

  4. Assessment • Melts and molds the respective expertise of the social worker and the client system into a collaborative decision making and contract planning process. • It considers options for interventions for different goals. • It culminates in a contract that identifies who is going to do what, when, for what purpose, and how.

  5. Assessment Statement • This statement forms the basis for intervention or referral • Main goal is to identify both the problem and the cause of the problem. In doing so: • Consider the nature of the problem itself • Explore the details of the problem, its triggers and effects on client system • Assess the strengths and needs of the client system with the problem • Determine the potential for change given the client systems environment and available resources

  6. How confident are you in your ability to identify the main presenting problem of a prospective client? What do you think are some of the main presenting problems in social work practice? How about… Job stress, unemployment, depression, anxiety, relational difficulties, grief and loss, physical and mental illness and disability, substance abuse, homelessness, teen pregnancy, juvenile delinquency

  7. Words to the Wise about Problems • Target problems are client acknowledged problems • The client must explicitly agree that a concern is his or her problem to be solved. • “My kids are in foster care. I want them back.” • “I'm tired of feeling terrible about myself.” • “My mom bugs me.” • OWNERSHIP

  8. Problem Awareness Try the following problem self-assessment survey

  9. The definition of a problem ‘A problem is anobstacle which makes itdifficult to achieve a desired goal, objective or purpose’ • It refers to a situation, condition, or issue that is yet unresolved. • Often we sense that there is a problem, but are unable to articulate, pinpoint, or solve the problem • This is where the aid of another person comes in handy • As a social worker you act as an aid

  10. Assessment Statement ________________ has ___________________ (Who) (What Problem) (With what level of need) because _______________________________ (Explain Why)

  11. Problem: Recent eviction and lack of consistent housing Need: Emergency housing for mother and two small children Sample Assessment Statement: Mrs. B. is a 27 year-old Latino woman with a problem of not being able to maintain housing for herself and her two small children. She was recently evicted for the third time. She has been unemployed since the birth of her first child 4 years ago, and has basically lived in an apartment financed by the father of her first child. She has a conflicted relationship with this man and has never been married. At present, she has no contact with this man. She has off-on relationship with the father of her second child, who has provided for her and the children during the past year. He has alcohol problems and recently lost his job. Mrs. B and her children were evicted for lack of rent payment. Mrs. B has completed her GED and has acquired basic office training skills. She is interested in finding work but has no means for childcare. She and her 2nd child’s father are interested in living together as a family but his alcohol difficulties have interfered in their relationship. Mrs. B is highly motivated to secure stable housing for herself and her children but is uncertain how to deal with personal relationship she has with her 2nd child’s father……..

  12. Problem Prioritization After the client's problems are identified, they are ranked in order of importance to the client. This ranking is usually the basis for deciding in which order the target problems will be addressed.

  13. Problem Prioritization Problem:Recent housing eviction Lack of consistent housing Current Needs: 1. Emergency housing for mother and two small children 2. Stability in living conditions 3. Employment and Income means for mother 4. Childcare means for young children 5. Relationship clarity with 2nd child’s father 6. Child’s father’s need for sobriety 7. Child’s father’s need for employment

  14. Change Potential • It is recommended to select a target problem with a high potential for resolution or need satisfaction • In doing so ask the following questions: • What is the change potential of the problem itself, the persons involved, and the related environment? • What strengths, assets, and resources are available to facilitate and support the change? • Estimate the potential for change using a scale of 0-10 • 0 = no potential for change • 10 = Maximum potential for change

  15. You can also have client assess change potential themselves • On a scale from 1 to 10, with 10 meaning you have every confidence that the problem will be solved and 1 means no confidence at all, where would you put yourself today? 1 5 10 No Confidence Every Confidence

  16. You can use the following statement to formulate an assessment of the potential for change The change potential for __________________ problem/need of ________________________ is assessed as _________________________ because ______________________________ (whose) (what problem) (high, somewhat high, medium, somewhat low, or low) (reasons: nature of problem, motivation, capacity, resources and restraints in environment)

  17. Never underestimate… …the utility of assessing STRENGTHS

  18. Class Activity List some popular and common words used to describe PERSONAL STRENGTHS

  19. Additional Strength WordsSeek first to understand who you are so you can be clear to others--

  20. Remember…Clients Have Strengths Too • According to Saleeby, almost anything can be considered a strength under certain circumstances. This includes: • What people have learned about themselves and others • Personal qualities, traits, and virtues • What people know about the world around them • Talents people have • Cultural and personal stories and lore • Pride • The community • Spirituality

  21. The Search For Strengths • Occurs by: • Asking Questions • Seeking responses • Listening Actively • Should occur only after client problems and/or have been explored and discussed

  22. Strengths Related Assessment Questions • Survival questions: • How have you managed to overcome/ survive the challenges that you have faced? “What have you learned about yourself and your world during those struggles?” • Support questions: • Who are the people that you can rely on? Who has made you feel understood, supported, or encouraged? • Exception questions: • “When things were going well in life, what was different?” • Possibility questions: • What are your hopes for your future, or the future of your family? • Esteem questions: • What makes you proud about yourself? What positive things do people say about you?

  23. Goal Setting You want to improve _______? You want to increase _______? You want to decrease_______?

  24. Goals have multiple functions… Provide direction and continuity for the work Provide means for client and social worker to agree about outcomes to be achieved Facilitate selection of intervention strategies Facilitate monitoring progress Serve as outcome criteria

  25. Goal Setting: A Plan of Action • Collaborate with the client to: • Develop well-formed, realistic goals • My daughter would be home again • Described in specific, concrete, behavioral terms • I need to contact my daughter’s case worker and talk to here about parenting classes • Described in familial terms and expressed as the “start of something” instead of the “end of something” • What will your daughter say when she learns how hard you are working to bring her home? • Help improve the lives of those in client’s environment and social life • How will your parents feel once your daughter is home?

  26. Sample Client Change Worksheet

  27. Sample Client Change Worksheet

  28. Sample Client Worksheet

  29. Goal Attainment Goal Attainment Scaling Scale Kiresuk & Sherman, 1968 This is a practical scale and one that you could adopt, in some form, in your professional practice.

  30. Goal-Attainment Scale Goal 1 Goal 2 Goal 3 Goal 4 Goal 5 1. Most unfavorable results. 2. Less than expected success. 3. Expected level of success. 4. More than expected success. 5. Most favorable outcome.

  31. Contract Planning Translating prioritized goals into purposively designed and sequenced action tasks with specific time frames for completion

  32. Key Ingredients • Who… • Will do what… • To what extent… • Under what conditions… • By when? • The 5WH

  33. Contracting Create Structure in the Contract Plan: • Date the problem that has been identified • Specify the problem and need to be addressed • Specify goals for each problem • Specify objectives or tasks for each goal • Identify person carrying out tasks • Outline a time frame for accomplishments • Set up review process mechanism to monitor goal accomplishments • Document the contract with signatures and copies of the document

  34. Contracted Plan for Prioritized Problems Text page 255

  35. Rating Scale for Assessment and Contract Planning Process

  36. Sample Assessment Forms • Comprehensive Adult Client Assessment • http://hums.uaa.alaska.edu/Client_Assessment.pdf • Comprehensive Child Assessment Form • http://mindihigginskessler.com/forms/ChildIntakeForm.pdfField Practice Student • Field Practice Client Assessment Form • http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~bswrun/Client_ASSESSMENT_FORM_040204.doc • Family Centered Assessment Guidebook • http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp/downloads/tools/family_centered_assessment_guidebook.pdf

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