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Classification And Taxonomic Rankings

Classification And Taxonomic Rankings. Taxonomy = Science of Classification (do not confuse with Taxidermy ). Old way to classify – only visual (external anatomy) Today – visual, anatomical, biogeography, biochemical, DNA . Goals of a Taxonomist:.

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Classification And Taxonomic Rankings

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  1. Classification And Taxonomic Rankings

  2. Taxonomy = Science of Classification(do not confuse with Taxidermy) • Old way to classify – only visual (external anatomy) • Today – visual, anatomical, biogeography, biochemical, DNA

  3. Goals of a Taxonomist: 1. Discover all species of animals and plants 2. Reconstruct their evolutionary relationships • An animal’s evolutionary history or “family tree” is called phylogeny.

  4. Quick History of Classification (Systematic): • Aristotle (great philosopher, not a great systematist) • Plants and animals; categorized based on where organism lived

  5. Quick History of Classification (Systematic): • Carolus Linnaeus (Swedish Botanist) • 1st scientific attempt • Plants and animals (based on anatomy!)

  6. Quick History of Classification (Systematic): • Ernst Haeckel (1937) • Better microscopes • Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes

  7. Quick History of Classification (Systematic): • Robert Whittaker (1969) • Five kingdoms! • Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists, Monera

  8. Quick History of Classification (Systematic): • Carl Woese (1977) U of I Professor - better DNA/RNA analysis - Six kingdoms, 3 domains (Eukarya, Bacteria, Archea)

  9. Back to Linnaeus: • He developed the “binomial nomenclature” system, giving every organism a genus and species • Today it is called a “scientific name” • Examples: • Felisdomesticus (Common name = Domestic Cat) • Canisfamiliaris (Common name = Domestic Dog) • Homo sapien(Common name = Human)

  10. Taxonomic Rankings (Hierarchy) • Animals grouped based on common characteristics into levels called “taxa” or “taxons” Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

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