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Review of Week 2 Meeting: Exploring Memory Types and Computer Troubleshooting

In this week's meeting, we reviewed essential topics including memory types, their functionalities, and guidelines for computer troubleshooting. We discussed common memory types like DDR and GDDR, their differences, and their roles in performance. Attendees were encouraged to participate actively by answering polls and sharing feedback. Additionally, we addressed ongoing issues with non-working PCs and initiated plans for future projects involving web design and app development. Join us as we expand our skills in technology and foster collaboration within our group!

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Review of Week 2 Meeting: Exploring Memory Types and Computer Troubleshooting

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Presentation Transcript

  1. V2012.13

  2. Agenda • Old Business • New Business • Week ‘2’ Meeting Review • Week 3 Topics: • Intro to Memory • Continue to trouble shoot our PC

  3. Old Business • Sub-groups • Graphics • Web Design • App Development • Other? • Scorer’s table job • Email me with interest! • Fundraising • Remember … participate! • Read email, polls, requests, etc.

  4. New Business • District Tech Department Help • Install Office 2010 • Repair Computers • Contact Info • Request your name/year • Comments on Twitter • T-Shirts • Limited sizes/colors

  5. Week 2 Meeting Review • Intro to Computer Repair • What did you think? • Any follow-up questions? • Our non-working PC … • Did you answer the poll question?

  6. Intro to Memory

  7. Intro to Memory • Common Terms • Common Types • How it works • Resources

  8. First, Some Common Terms

  9. Common Types of Memory

  10. DDR (SDRAM) Memory • Double Data Rate • Two data transfers per cycle • Higher bandwidth • DDR3 has the ability to transfer data at twice the rate of DDR2 • Uses less power (30%)

  11. Common Types of Memory

  12. DDR vs GDDR • GDDR is built for much higher bandwidth, thanks to a wider memory bus • GDDR has lower power and heat dispersal requirements compared to DDR, allowing for higher performance modules, with simpler cooling systems • DDR1, DDR2, and DDR3 have a 64 bit bus (or 128 bit in dual channel). GDDR3, comparatively, commonly uses between a 256 bit bus and 512 bit bus, or interface (across 4-8 channels)

  13. DRAM vs SSDs • DRAM is used to run stuff • SSDs are where you store stuff

  14. Memory Hierarchy

  15. Memory Hierarchy

  16. Why so many types of memory? • Different pieces of a computer system have different requirements for speed, size and cost • Computer designers have solved the cost problem by "tiering" memory • Using expensive memory in small quantities and then backing it up with larger quantities of less expensive memory

  17. So, how does memory work? • The basics … • Each memory ‘cell’ is comprised of: • Transistor • Capacitor • Each cell can hold 1 bit of information • Cell contains a data input line, a data output line, a Read/Write line and a select line • The select line activates the cell and Read/Write line tells it either to output its contents or store what is at its input

  18. So, how does memory work? • Cells are organized in a grid pattern, rows columns • Data (‘line’) inputs and outputs for each cell are connected together to form an ‘array’ • Data is written to a specific row and column of the array, defined as the ‘binaryaddress’ • CPU can access the data from that specific address

  19. So, how does memory work? • Data lines from multiple memory chips are grouped to form a ‘data bus’ • Data bus has the following characteristics: • Bus width refers to the number of bits that can be sent to the CPU simultaneously • Bus speed refers to the number of times a group of bits can be sent each second • Bus cycle occurs every time data travels from memory to the CPU

  20. So, how does memory work? • Memory Controller • Manages the flow of data going to and from the main memory • Contain logic necessary to read and write to DRAM, and to "refresh" the DRAM • It can be a separate chip or integrated into another chip (like the CPU) • Part of the ‘Northbridge’ • Located closest to the CPU (or on the CPU) and controls the fastest components on the motherboard: the CPU, video card slot and RAM

  21. When/Why would you install memory? • To improve performance • O/S, apps getting larger • To prevent disk ‘swapping’ • Windows creates ‘virtual RAM’ • In the form of ‘pagefile.sys’ on your hard drive • But there are other factors that impact performance …

  22. Summary • Different types of memory address different needs • Used in almost every phase of a computer system • At a high level, memory is comprised of cells, arrays, data bus • Operated by a memory controller which communicates with the CPU • Generally helps improve performance

  23. Questions/Comments? Scott Seighman scotts@ahstechcrew.org

  24. Troubleshooting

  25. Our Non-Working PC … • Dell 2400 • No output to screen • Blinking amber light (power) • Fans are not spinning • What would you do next? • Ideas …?

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