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Scientific and Engineering Approaches to Oil and Gas Exploration and Production

Scientific and Engineering Approaches to Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Dean Malouta, Manager of Technology Shell E&P Americas Region Academy of Medicine, Engineering and Science Conference January 6-7, 2005 Dallas, Texas. Oil and Gas Dependency.

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Scientific and Engineering Approaches to Oil and Gas Exploration and Production

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  1. Scientific and Engineering Approaches to Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Dean Malouta, Manager of Technology Shell E&P Americas Region Academy of Medicine, Engineering and Science Conference January 6-7, 2005 Dallas, Texas

  2. Oil and Gas Dependency • Despite Government and Industry efforts, Oil and Gas will continue to be the main providers of energy for Transportation, heating and cooling, well into the 21st century. • Advances in Seismic Imaging, Low Cost Drilling Technology and Low Cost Production Capability are required to continue to meet our energy needs. • Energy Companies must invest in alternative Energy Research for their own and the nation’s energy viability

  3. 20 year OIL Forecasts by the US Department of Energy:

  4. 20 year GAS Forecasts by the US Department of Energy: Natural Gas from Canada cannot keep pace with demand. China will increase their demand for Canadian Gas. New Alaska Gas Pipeline expected by 2016. Coal will remain the primary source for electricity through 2025. No new Nuclear Plants will be built by 2025 .

  5. 20 year Drilling Forecasts by the US Department of Energy: Through an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) grant, the RRC has created the Brownfields Response Program to identify sites to promote voluntary cleanup by funding site assessments at little to no cost. The EPA and the RRC are making a commitment to revitalize abandoned oil and gas properties by mitigating contamination and health risks and restoring the economic vitality to underutilized areas.

  6. Historical Drilling Activity, US and Texas

  7. Developing & ImplementingNew Technology In order for any Oil and Gas Technology Innovation and Deployment to be successful, it must satisfy 3 important factors: 1) Increase Production 2) Help Replace Reserves 3) Reduce Costs allowing for additional exploration and development New Energy Source R&D must satisfy a positive Net Present Value Return on Investment

  8. Key To Success: Applying New Technology • Profitable growth in onshore gas will be driven by application of technology and operational excellence skills

  9. Conventional UB DWC 1989 2003 Uneconomic $9MM well w/ 1989 design • complexity increasing • smaller reserve targets w/ advancements Economic $3.5MM well Conventional $4.1 MM well OBM PDC Bits Frac optimization Commingling Tubingless HPCT Composite Plugs LC Prevention UB DWC

  10. Tubingless UB DWC 13-3/8” 10-3/4” 9-5/8” 7-5/8” 5-1/2” 7-5/8” 5-1/2” 3-1/2” Days - Spud to Rig Release 120 First significant depletion 100 Extreme depletion 80 60 40 20 1965-79 1989-1992 2000-01 2003-04 0 Conventional w/ Commingling Conventional 13-3/8” 13-3/8” 9-5/8” 9-5/8” 14,500’ TD 3-1/2” x 2-7/8” 5” 5”

  11. 2002 Ziff Energy Study – Drilling Deep High Pressure Wells with Depletion Shell wells Days

  12. Under balanced Sidetrack - DWC Convert to Tubingless Ultra-Slimhole 2 1/16” Sidetracks from 3 ½” Tubingless wells 2 7/8” 2 7/8” 5” 5” Underbalanced Deepening DWC 2 1/16” 3 ½” 2 7/8” 5” Slim-hole Re-entry program underway since 1994 Getting slimmer in 2004 Under balanced Sidetrack/Deepening DWC 2 7/8” 5”

  13. Technology Development • High Pressure & Temperature Materials & Measurement Tools • Advanced, Quantitative Seismic Imaging • Unconventional (Heavy, degraded, acidic) Hydrocarbon Development: Crude Upgrading • Tight Gas Completions • Artificial Lift • Under Balanced Drilling • Cheap Wells and Facilities • Pore Pressure Prediction • Expandable Casings and Liners • Hydrogen • Solar and other renewables

  14. Typical seismic section showing the Vicksburg at Javelina Field • Faults – N/S striking, normal, Dipping basinward, small antithetic faults

  15. Sustainable Development • Health, Safety and Environmental Protection • our # 1 concern in all operations, onshore and offshore. • Government R&D Tax Credits • allow us to pursue lines of research otherwise unfeasible. • hydrogen, solar, renewables • Severance Tax Breaks: • tax relief for life of well for producing all reservoirs under 1 mDarcy; • allow marginally economic wells to be brought on stream • Zero Emissions Permitting • helps sustain the environment • After Flowbacks After Fracs: • Capture gas generated in Frac jobs (no release to atmosphere) and sell it: 20-25 Mcf/well per frac job • Land Fill Farming: • Take cuttings to a landfill site, add microbial degenerators and water, recycle as clean fill.

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