1 / 30

CHP 200: Community Health Program-l Mohamed M. B. Alnoor

SAFETY and INJURY PREVENTION . CHP 200: Community Health Program-l Mohamed M. B. Alnoor. Characterize injury as a public health problem Detail the impact of injury Identify control strategies Highlight the key elements of effective programs Address obstacles and catalogue resources

adrina
Télécharger la présentation

CHP 200: Community Health Program-l Mohamed M. B. Alnoor

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SAFETY and INJURY PREVENTION CHP 200: Community Health Program-l Mohamed M. B. Alnoor

  2. Characterize injury as a public health problem • Detail the impact of injury • Identify control strategies • Highlight the key elements of effective programs • Address obstacles and catalogue resources • Identify provider’s role in prevention Purpose

  3. Injury: Physical damage due to transfer of energy kinetic thermal chemical electrical radiant • Over a period of time, “exposure” that is either acute or chronic Definition:

  4. KSA Traffic accidents • > 275,000 persons (men, women and children) • 6,000 deaths ( 16 per day ) - 60% : reckless driving - 34 % : speeding • 1/3 of all hospital beds • SR26 billion The toll:

  5. In USA • 80% blunt, 20% penetrating • Motor vehicle, gunshot, falls etc.. • Drowning, poisonings • 5th leading cause of death (1996) • First, age 1 through 44 (1996) Mechanism, Outcomes

  6. Disability far exceeds death rate • First, age 1- 44 • “Years of life lost” (YLL) concept: - Life expectancy for young shortened by death from injury - Comparable with heart disease and cancer - Young and productive members of society! Disability, Outcomes

  7. Accident: An unexpected occurrence, happening by chance • Injury: A definable, correctable event, with specific risks for occurrence • A result of risk poorly managed • “Disease of injury” concept • Injury can be prevented! Injury, Not Accident!

  8. Epidemiologic Triangle AGENT A causal relationship! Environment Host “Prevention is the vaccine for the disease of injury.”

  9. The 4 E’s: • Education • Enactment/Enforcement • Engineering • Economic incentives/ penalties General Principles

  10. Factors influencing Road Injuries, The Haddon Matrix

  11. Public Health Approach Five steps: Surveillance What is the problem? Risk identification What is the cause? Intervention What works? Implementation How do you do it? Outcome measurement Did it work?

  12. Categories of injury prevention: • Primary prevention: • Secondary prevention: • Tertiary prevention: Eliminate the event Diminish effect Improve outcomes

  13. Strategies of injury prevention: Examples of effective injury prevention: National highway speed limits “Cycle” helmet laws Child passenger restraint laws Apartment window guards Smoke detectors

  14. Direct Costs • Medical Costs (including worker’s comp) • Indemnity Payments • Indirect Costs • Time Lost (by worker and supervisor) • Schedule delays • Training new employees • Cleanup time / equipment repairs • Legal fees Cost of Accidents

  15. The Iceberg Effect Cost of Accidents On average, the indirect costs of accidents exceed the direct costs by a 4:1 ratio

  16. Accidents are caused by: • Unsafe conditions • Unsafe acts Causes of Accident

  17. Unsafe Conditions • Easiest to correct (and very cost effective) • Easiest to prevent • Safety audits • Safety inspections • Maintenance schedules for equipment • Encouraging employee reporting • Good housekeeping Causes of Accident

  18. Unsafe Acts • Most difficult to address • Changing behavior isn’t easy • Best prevented by developing a “safety culture” Causes of Accident

  19. Establish accountability for safety • Define safety responsibilities Safety Cultures

  20. Establish accountability for safety Employees should be evaluated on their safety performance Doing a job correctly includes doing it safely Safety Cultures

  21. Define safety responsibilities Employee responsibilities include Safety Cultures • Maintaining good housekeeping • Recognizing and reporting safety hazards • Using personal protective equipment (PPE)

  22. Define safety responsibilities Employer responsibilities include Safety Cultures • Providing access to information • Providing personal protective equipment • Providing training

  23. Equipment / Field Changes • Rule Changes / Coaching • Individual Preparation Preventing Sports Injuries

  24. Preventing Sports Injuries Field/Equipment Changes Equipment Changes to prevent injuries Add equipment : • Helmets • Chin protectors

  25. Preventing Sports Injuries Field/Equipment Changes Field modifications to prevent injuries • Avoid : • Potholes • grates • Anchoring soccer goals

  26. Preventing Sports Injuries Rule Changes/Coaching • Rule changes to adjust for injury patterns • Example = “spearing” in football • Officials • Must enforce the established rules • Coaches • Teach the appropriate techniques

  27. Learn about the game prior to signing up • Is this sport appropriate for your child? • Does your child wish to participate? • Who will be supervising practices/games? • Purchase the recommended equipment • Pre-participation physical exam • Preseason conditioning Preventing Sports Injuries Individual Preparation Prior to Participation

  28. Practice within your limits • Stay well-hydrated • Know and follow the rules of the game Preventing Sports Injuries Individual Preparation At Participation

  29. If injured • Seek medical attention prior to returning to play • Adequate rehabilitation is essential Preventing Sports Injuries Individual Preparation At Participation

  30. Factors influencing Road Injuries, The Haddon Matrix

More Related