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Chapter 6 – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION: CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE

Chapter 6 – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION: CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE. MR. MARC ONEEL C. ALVAREZ, RN, RM, MAN. “PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE”. CHRONIC DISEASES – leading cause of death in the world Leading Chronic Diseases > Cardiovascular disease (Coronary Heart disease) and Stroke

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Chapter 6 – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION: CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE

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  1. Chapter 6 – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION: CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE MR. MARC ONEEL C. ALVAREZ, RN, RM, MAN “PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE” Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  2. CHRONIC DISEASES – leading cause of death in the world • Leading Chronic Diseases > Cardiovascular disease (Coronary Heart disease) and Stroke > Cancer > Chronic Respiratory diseases > Diabetes • Causation framework  CHRONIC DISEASES: basis of prevention Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  3. SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH Diet: High fat Lifestyle modification program Decreased risk for CVD Activity level: Sedentary Alcoholism Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  4. Preventive Management Control of Chronic Diseases • Major Chronic Diseases: • -Heart Disease • -cancer • Stroke • - DM • SOCIOECONOMIC, CULTURAL, POLITICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS • Urbanization • Globalization • Aging population Common modifiable risk factor -smoking -Alcoholism -diet • Intermediate Risk Factors: • Raised BP • Raised Blood Sugar • Overweight • Abnormal Lipids • Nonmodifiable Risk factors • Age • Sex • Heredity Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  5. LEVELS OF PREVENTION Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  6. Sensitivity = a/(a+c) • Specificity = d/(b+d) • Predicitive Value + = a(a + b) • Predicitive Value + = a(a + b) Validity by 2 x 2 Contingency Table for SCREENING Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  7. Sensitivity and Specificity are test for accuracy. Absolute Value range from 0 to 1. The nearer the value to 1 means the test is more ACCURATE Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  8. a.) Increase in Prevalence of the Disease = Increase in the Positive Predictive Value and Decrease in the Negative Predictive Value b.) Decrease in Prevalence of the Disease = Decrease in the Positive Predictive Value and Increase in the Negative Predictive Value Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  9. VALIDITY PARAMETERS FOR ATHRITIS SCREENING TESTS WITH A PREVALENCE OF 10 % Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  10. VALIDITY PARAMETERS FOR COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING TESTS Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

  11. QUESTIONS? Mr. Marc Oneel C. Alvarez, RN, RM, MAN

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