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Atmospheric clear-sky longwave radiative cooling and precipitation

Atmospheric clear-sky longwave radiative cooling and precipitation. Richard Allan Environmental Systems Science Centre, University of Reading, UK. Introduction. Clear-sky radiative cooling: radiative convective balance atmospheric circulation Earth’s radiation budget

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Atmospheric clear-sky longwave radiative cooling and precipitation

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  1. Atmospheric clear-sky longwave radiative cooling and precipitation Richard Allan Environmental Systems Science Centre, University of Reading, UK

  2. Introduction • Clear-sky radiative cooling: • radiative convective balance • atmospheric circulation • Earth’s radiation budget • Understand clear-sky budget to understand cloud radiative effect • Datasets: • Reanalyses – observing system • Satellites – calibration and sampling

  3. Datasets used • Surface and Top of Atmosphere clear-sky LW flux • Column integrated water vapour (CWV) • Reanalyses: • ERA-40 (1979-2001); NCEP-1 (1979-2004) • Satellite data • ERBS, ScaRaB, CERES (clear-sky OLR) • SMMR, SSM/I V5 (CIWV) • Combination datasets: • SRB Rel. 2(1983-1994)…reanalysis? • SSM/I, da Silva, ERA40, Prata (1996)  surface net LWc • IPCC AR4 models

  4. Links to precipitation HadGEM - AMIP

  5. ERA40 NCEP SRB Tropical Oceans HadISST Ts CWV LWc SFC SMMR, SSM/I SSM/I, Prata 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

  6. Spurious variability in ERA40 • Improved performance in water vapour and clear-sky radiation using 24 hour forecasts

  7. dLWc/dCWV ~ 1.5 Wkg-1 dCWV/dTs ~ 3 kgm-2K-1 Surface LWc and water vapour ERA40 NCEP

  8. Clear-sky OLR with surface temperature: + ERBS, ScaRaB, CERES; SRB Calibration or sampling?

  9. Clear-sky vs resolution

  10. Sensitivity study • Based on GERB- SEVIRI and model simulations of OLR and cloud products over ocean: • dOLRc/dRes ~0.2 Wm-2km-0.5 • Suggest CERES should be biased low by ~0.5 Wm-2relative to ERBS

  11. ERA40 NCEP SRB Tropical Oceans Surface Net LWc Clear-sky OLR Clear-sky Atmos LW cooling QLWc HadISST ERBS, ScaRaB, CERES Derived

  12. Linear least squares fit ERA40 NCEP • Tropical ocean: descending regime • Dataset dQLWc/dTs Slope • ERA-40 3.7±0.5 Wm-2K-1 • NCEP 4.2±0.3 Wm-2K-1 • SRB 3.6±0.5 Wm-2K-1 • OBS 4.6±0.5 Wm-2K-1

  13. GPCP P Implications for tropical precipitation (GPCP)? ERA40 QLWc OBS QLWc

  14. IPCC AR4 models: tropical oceans • SST • CWV • Net LWc • OLRc

  15. IPCC AR4 models: tropical oceans • QLWc • Precip

  16. Conclusions • Intercomparisons of datasets: clear-sky LW at SFC, TOA, ATM • Reanalyses: observing system changes • Satellites: calibration, sampling • Increase in clear-sky LW cooling of atmosphere of ~3-5 Wm-2K-1 • All-sky changes? Models?

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