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PREMIS OWL

PREMIS OWL. Sam Coppens Multimedia Lab Department of Electronics and Information Systems Faculty of Engineering Ghent University. Survey. Quick intro in semantic web Why PREMIS OWL? Design Example Conclusion. Intro Semantic Web. XML / XSD. Metadata in XML <author>

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PREMIS OWL

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  1. PREMIS OWL Sam Coppens Multimedia Lab Department of Electronics and Information Systems Faculty of Engineering Ghent University

  2. Survey • Quick intro in semantic web • Why PREMIS OWL? • Design • Example • Conclusion Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  3. Intro Semantic Web Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  4. XML / XSD Metadata in XML <author> <uri>page</uri> <name>Ora</name> </author> <document> <details> <uri>href="page"</uri> <author> <name>Ora</name> </author> </details> </document> <document href="page"> <author>Ora</author> </document> Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  5. XML / XSD XML problem: <x> <y>page</y> <z>Ora</z> </x> <x> <y> <z>href="page"</z> <v> <w>Ora</w> </v> </y> </x> ? ? ? <x href="page"> <y>Ora</y> </x> Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  6. XML / XSD ? Structure XML Schema ? meaning Tags ? ? ? ! Exchange Format Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  7. Semantic Web technologies • Technologies developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) • Goal: make the Web a universal medium for data, information and knowledge exchange • HTML, XML -> RDF, RDFS, OWL, … Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  8. RDF • RDF (Resource Description Framework) • Triples: subject – predicate – object • URI to identify resources • “The author of the note is Tim” • Serialisatie in XML: • <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf=http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> <Note rdf:about=http://www.example.org/#note> <hasAuthor rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/#Tim”/> </Note> </rdf:RDF> Note Tim hasAuthor Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  9. RDFS • RDF Schema • Standardised terms to describe concepts • Introduces classes and instances • Subclasses, subproperties • Hierarchy! Class Person ClassNote rdf:type rdf:type Note1 Tim hasAuthor Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  10. OWL • Web Ontology Language, W3C recommendation (2004) • Richer vocabulary • Defines advanced relations • Data-typing • Cardinality • Rich typing van properties • … • Example: • Reasoning! •  complex ontologies Class Person ClassNote type type Note1 Tim hasAuthor <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=“isAuthorFrom”> <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource=“#hasAuthor”> </owl:ObjectProperty> isAuthorFrom Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  11. Ontology (described in OWL) • OWL-constructions • Class • DatatypeProperty • subClassOf • Individual • … DatatypeProperty Birth date Class: Person subClassOf Class: Scientist “Joseph Plateau” Individual Birth date “14/10/1801” Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  12. Semantisch Web • SPARQL Protocol And RDF Query Language (SPARQL) • SQL like language for RDF • Example: search all texts of Tim • SELECT ?x WHERE ?x hasAuthor Tim Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  13. Why PREMIS OWL? Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  14. Why PREMIS OWL? • Changing Technologies World Wide Web  Semantic Web XML  RDF, RDFS and OWL Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  15. Semantic Web Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  16. Why PREMIS OWL? • Data model of PREMIS: Dynamically relating the Five entities to each other. XML: identifiers are used for modelling the relations. directed and not bidirectional! OWL: resources are identified by a URI direct relations between the entitities (bidirectional by using inverse relations) Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  17. Design Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  18. Design • Design decisions: • Stick as close as possible to the PREMIS 2.0 Data Dictionary. • No information loss when migrating PREMIS XML  PREMIS OWL Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  19. Design • Changes: • Every XML wrapper has become a class. • Object has 3 subclasses: File, Bitstream, Representation. • Relations between the entities. • Linking to SKOS vocabularies. Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  20. Design • Object has 3 subclasses: File, Bitstream, Representation Subclasses based on the objectCategory property (“Bitstream”, “File”, “Representation”) Object Bitstream File Representation Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  21. Design • Relations between the entities: • Every entity has become a class. Every entity has a URI.  No need for using the entities’ identifiers for relating them. This URI is used for relating the different entities.  object properties and their inverse properties Object Event Identifiers Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  22. Design • Relations between the entities: • Every entity has become a class. Every entity has a URI.  No need for using the entities’ identifiers for relating them. This URI is used for relating the different entities.  object properties and their inverse properties Object Event Identifiers Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  23. Design • Linking to SKOS vocabularies: • event types vocabulary (eventType) • preservation level role vocabulary (preservationLevelRole) • message digest algorithm vocabulary (messageDigestAlgorithm) Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  24. Example Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  25. Example Based on the louis example: http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/louis-2-0.xml PREMIS OWL example (serialised in N3 notation): https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0BxtLo-HRghbvZWFjZmMwN2MtNTMyZS00NzY3LThmNzktMzMwYmFhZGM1N2Yx&sort=name&layout=list&num=50 Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  26. Example Mets Tiff image 1 Tiff Image 2 Validation Validation Ingestion Ingestion Migration Migration JPEG image 1 JPEG Image 2 Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

  27. Conclusion • Ternary relations remain problematic in OWL  identifiers • Publication of the provenance information is not the primary concern of PREMIS OWL. •  PREMIS = provenance metadata + technical metadata + rights metadata •  Provenance metadata will become more important in the future. There are provenance models much more suited for interoperability and publication on het Web. • W3C Provenance Incubator Group • PREMIS OWL:  http://mulitmedialab.elis.ugent.be/users/samcoppe/ontologies/Premis/premis.owl Sam Coppens @iPres2010 PREMIS Implementation Fair: PREMIS OWL

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