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Unit 3: Motion, Forces, & Energy Chapter 11: Motion & Energy

Explore the concepts of pressure, floating, sinking, Pascal's principle, and Bernoulli's principle. Learn about the relationship between density and buoyant force, the transmission of pressure in confined fluids, and the effects of fluid speed on pressure. Discover how these principles apply to everyday phenomena such as flying planes and atomizers.

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Unit 3: Motion, Forces, & Energy Chapter 11: Motion & Energy

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  1. Unit 3: Motion, Forces, & EnergyChapter 11: Motion & Energy Big Idea: If an object is less dense than a fluid, it will float in the fluid. If an object is more dense than a fluid, it will sink in the fluid

  2. 4 Sections • Pressure • Floating & Sinking • Pascal’s Principle • Bernoulli’s Principle Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  3. Sec 1: Pressure KEY CONCEPTS • The amount of pressure you exert depends on the area over which you exert a force • Pressure = Force Area • In a fluid, all of the forces exerted by the individual particles combine to make up the pressure exerted by the fluid Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  4. Sec 1: Pressure (cont’d) • Atmospheric pressure decreases as your elevation increases • Water pressure increases as depth increases Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  5. Pressure Pascal Fluid Barometer Sec 1: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  6. Sec 2: Floating & Sinking KEY CONCEPTS • Density = Mass Volume • By comparing densities, you can predict whether an object will float or sink in a fluid • The buoyant force acts in the direction opposite to the force of gravity, so it makes an object feel lighter Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  7. Density Buoyant force Archimedes’ principle Sec 2: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  8. Sec 3: Pascal’s Principle KEY CONCEPTS • When force is applied to a confined fluid, the change in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid • A hydraulic system multiplies force by applying the force to a small surface area. The increase in pressure is then transmitted to another part of the confined fluid, which pushes on a larger surface area Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  9. Pascal’s principle Hydraulic system Sec 3: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  10. Sec 4: Bernoulli’s Principle KEY CONCEPTS • Bernoulli’s principle states that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases • Bernoulli’s principle helps explain how planes fly. It also helps explain how an atomizer works, why smoke rises up a chimney, & how a flying disk glides through the air Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

  11. Bernoulli’s principle Lift Sec 4: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 11

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