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Residential and Commercial Plumbing. Mr. Lemmons Ag Mechanics. Objective. The student will be able to: identify plumbing materials and perform basic plumbing procedures. Competencies. Identify plumbing tools Identify and select pipe Identify common pipe fittings Assemble pipe
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Residential and Commercial Plumbing Mr. Lemmons Ag Mechanics
Objective The student will be able to: • identify plumbing materials and perform basic plumbing procedures.
Competencies • Identify plumbing tools • Identify and select pipe • Identify common pipe fittings • Assemble pipe • Maintain water systems
Bench yoke vise Chain vise Chain wrench Pipe wrench Hacksaw File Pipe Cutter Reamer Tubing cutter Tap and Dies Flaring tool Flaring Block Channel Locks Tools
Identification • Pipe is defined as a hollow cylinder or tube used to conduct a liquid, gas, or finely divided solid . • Pipe fittings- pieces used to connect pipe to itself or other fixtures. • The nominal, or identifying size of pipe is generally based on the inside diameter. (ID) and outside diameter, (OD) Common sizes used for home or farm are ½, ¾, 1, 1 ¼, 1 ½, 2, 2 ½, 3, 4, 6 inch
Use in the Agriculture area • Pipe is widely used in irrigation systems for Agriculture as well as: • Animal housing • Sewage • Drinking water
Steel Pipe • Black or Galvanized • Black pipe is painted and has very little resistance to rust. **Used for Natural Gas** • Galvanized pipe is coated with zinc and has good resistance to rust. • **Used for water applications**
Classification • Standard- has a specific ID and OD • Extra Heavy and Double extra heavy - have heavier walls, although the OD remains the same the ID changes. • All standard fittings will work with the 3 different classifications of pipe
Copper Tubing • Pipe made of copper is frequently referred to as tubing. • This tubing is soft and can be bent around irregular shapes so that it can be installed easily. It is preferred to steel because it resist corrosion.
Disadvantages • High initial cost • High degree of expansion • Bad taste and green stains if the water is slightly acidic • Type K is the heaviest • Type L is medium • Type M is the lightest Classification
Joining Copper • Copper pipe may be joined in three ways. 1. Soldering 2. Flaring 3. Compression
Plastic Pipe • Plastic is the easiest type of pipe to install. • It is also one of the cheapest. • The term plastic is used to include all pipe made of synthetic materials. • If it is to be buried, it must meet guidelines for underground pipe.
Types of Plastic • PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) • Used for cold water or waste water applications • CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride) • Used for hot water applications • ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) • used for underground applications • PE (polyethylene) • used for pump installation, underground, surface installations. Cold water applications only.
Joining Plastics • CPVC and PVC are joined by gluing with cement. • ABS can be joined by gluing or using a neoprene gasket. • PE must have hose barbs and band clamps
Cast Iron • Sewer installations • Available in sizes from 2 in to 6 in. • Single Hub or Double Hub • Oakum and lead • Neoprene gaskets Cast Iron Joining
Cast Iron Joining • Oakum and lead • Neoprene gaskets
Pipe Selection • Each kind of pipe has advantages and disadvantages. When making repairs it is generally easier to repair systems with the kind of pipe used in the original installation.
New Installations • When planning a new system, it is important to consider the relative merits of each kind of pipe.