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The War For Independence

The War For Independence. Causes of the Revolution. What was it? How did it lead to Revolution? Below the surface… Navigation Acts Salutary Neglect Great Awakening French and Indian War The Enlightenment Visible Causes… Sugar Act Stamp Act Townshend Acts Boston Massacre

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The War For Independence

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  1. The War For Independence

  2. Causes of the Revolution • What was it? How did it lead to Revolution? • Below the surface… • Navigation Acts • Salutary Neglect • Great Awakening • French and Indian War • The Enlightenment • Visible Causes… • Sugar Act • Stamp Act • Townshend Acts • Boston Massacre • Boston Tea Party • Intolerable Acts

  3. Lexington and Concord • April, 1775 • First skirmish of the US Revolution. • British troops attempt to seize munitions at Concord. • Paul Revere rounds up minutemen to head off British troops. • The two groups fight first at Lexington, and then at Concord • Significant Result: Second Continental Congress convened. Fighting at Concord

  4. The Battle of Bunker Hill • Boston is put under martial law after Lexington and Concord • Colonists send King George I the “Olive Branch Petition” • Rejected by King. • British troops, surrounded in Boston, decided to attack militia on Breed’s Hill. • -Victory for the Militia. • “We can win this thing!”

  5. Patriots Declare Independence • Continental Congress • Authored by TJ • Relied heavily on the “social contract” theory of John Locke • “Life, liberty, pursuit of property” • Debated, decided upon July 2nd 1776 • Signed July 4th 1776

  6. Advantages for each side… • Great Britain • Strong Navy • Better trained, stronger army • Experienced generals • 13 Colonies • Home Turf • Guerrilla Tactics

  7. The Northern Campaign • 1775-1776 • American generals Benedict Arnold and Richard Montgomery lead a two-pronged invasion of Canada. • Attack Quebec and Montreal • A huge failure! • British General John Burgoyne launches counter-offensive!

  8. Trenton • British General Howe defeats Washington at New York (city), pushes towards Continental capitol at Philadelphia. • Washington launches surprise attack! • Attacks of Christmas Day • Surprises British Army (largely Hessian mercenaries) • Outcomes: • British don’t capture Philly • American troops’ confidence is restored Washington Crossing the Delaware River Can you name this famous painting?

  9. Saratoga and the Treaty of Alliance • Saratoga • Turning point of the war! • Huge victory for the Continental Army, and… • Treaty of Alliance • France agrees to support US cause for Independence • What does France have that the Colonies need? • A Navy! • Supplies! (guns, etc.)

  10. Valley Forge • During the video, pay attention to the following questions: • Why did the Continental Army end up spending the winter at Valley Forge? • Who was Frederick Von Steuben? How did he help the Continental Army? • What were the conditions like at Valley Forge during the Winter of 1777?

  11. Yorktown • Sept – Oct 1781 • General Cornwallis (British) on surrounded by General Washington and French navy on this Virginia Peninsula. • Basically ends the war!

  12. Treaty of Paris, 1783 • When? • September 1783 • Who? • Britain • USA • France • Spain • Outcome? • Boundaries of USA = Canada (North), Mississippi River (West) • Florida returns to Spain

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