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A History OF psychology

A History OF psychology. Where have we been?. Where have we been?. Yesterday we learned: Three Main interests of Psychologists. Where have we been?. Yesterday we learned: Three Main interests of Psychologists Research Consult Teach. Where have we been?. Yesterday we learned:

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A History OF psychology

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  1. A History OF psychology

  2. Where have we been?

  3. Where have we been? • Yesterday we learned: • Three Main interests of Psychologists

  4. Where have we been? • Yesterday we learned: • Three Main interests of Psychologists • Research • Consult • Teach

  5. Where have we been? • Yesterday we learned: • Three Main interests of Psychologists • Research • Consult • Teach • Specific duties of the following Psychologists

  6. Where have we been? • Yesterday we learned: • Three Main interests of Psychologists • Research • Consult • Teach • Specific duties of the following Psychologists • Clinical Psychologists • Counseling Psychologists • School Psychologists • Educational Psychologists • Developmental Psychologists • Personality Psychologists • Social Psychologists • Experimental Psychologists • Other Specialist Psychologists

  7. Where are we now?

  8. Where are we now? • Today you will learn:

  9. Where are we now? • Today you will learn: • A history of psychology

  10. Where are we now? • Today you will learn: • A history of psychology • Schools of Psychology

  11. Where are we now? • Today you will learn: • A history of psychology • Schools of Psychology • Structuralism- Wilhelm Wundt

  12. Where are we now? • Today you will learn: • A history of psychology • Schools of Psychology • Structuralism- Wilhelm Wundt • Functionalism- William James

  13. Where are we now? • Today you will learn: • A history of psychology • Schools of Psychology • Structuralism- Wilhelm Wundt • Functionalism- William James • Behaviorism- John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner

  14. Where are we now? • Today you will learn: • A history of psychology • Schools of Psychology • Structuralism- Wilhelm Wundt • Functionalism- William James • Behaviorism- John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner • Gestalt- Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler

  15. Where are we now? • Today you will learn: • A history of psychology • Schools of Psychology • Structuralism- Wilhelm Wundt • Functionalism- William James • Behaviorism- John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner • Gestalt- Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler • Psychoanalysis- Sigmund Freud

  16. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.)

  17. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself”

  18. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself” • Socrates advocated introspection

  19. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself” • Socrates advocated introspection • Introspection- examining our thoughts and feelings

  20. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself” • Socrates advocated introspection • Introspection- examining our thoughts and feelings • Aristotle was Plato’s student. Said human behavior is scientific like movement of the stars

  21. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself” • Socrates advocated introspection • Introspection- examining our thoughts and feelings • Aristotle was Plato’s student. Said human behavior is scientific like movement of the stars • Claimed we are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain

  22. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself” • Socrates advocated introspection • Introspection- examining our thoughts and feelings • Aristotle was Plato’s student. Said human behavior is scientific like movement of the stars • Claimed we are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain • Ancient Greeks believed the gods punished people for wrongdoing by causing them confusion and madness

  23. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself” • Socrates advocated introspection • Introspection- examining our thoughts and feelings • Aristotle was Plato’s student. Said human behavior is scientific like movement of the stars • Claimed we are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain • Ancient Greeks believed the gods punished people for wrongdoing by causing them confusion and madness • Hippocrates was a physician at this time

  24. A History of Psychology: Ancient Greece (400-300 B.C.) • 2,000 years ago Plato, a student of Socrates recorded his teacher’s advice “Know Thyself” • Socrates advocated introspection • Introspection- examining our thoughts and feelings • Aristotle was Plato’s student. Said human behavior is scientific like movement of the stars • Claimed we are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain • Ancient Greeks believed the gods punished people for wrongdoing by causing them confusion and madness • Hippocrates was a physician at this time • Said confusion and madness are from abnormalities in the brain

  25. A History of Psychology: Middle Ages (1000 to 1300 A.D.)

  26. A History of Psychology: Middle Ages (1000 to 1300 A.D.) • During the Middle Ages, Europeans believed agitation and confusion were signs of possession by demons

  27. A History of Psychology: Middle Ages (1000 to 1300 A.D.) • During the Middle Ages, Europeans believed agitation and confusion were signs of possession by demons • Tests were used to determine whether a person was possessed

  28. A History of Psychology: Middle Ages (1000 to 1300 A.D.) • During the Middle Ages, Europeans believed agitation and confusion were signs of possession by demons • Tests were used to determine whether a person was possessed • Water-Float Test: Impure, you float and were killed; Pure, you sunk and drowned

  29. A History of Psychology: 1500 to 1800

  30. A History of Psychology: 1500 to 1800 • The 1500s, 1600s, and 1700s witnessed a movement away from belief in demons and possession

  31. A History of Psychology: 1500 to 1800 • The 1500s, 1600s, and 1700s witnessed a movement away from belief in demons and possession • Scientific and Intellectual advances were being made

  32. A History of Psychology: 1500 to 1800 • The 1500s, 1600s, and 1700s witnessed a movement away from belief in demons and possession • Scientific and Intellectual advances were being made • A scientific approach led to the birth of modern psychology in the 1800s

  33. A History of Psychology: 1500 to 1800 • The 1500s, 1600s, and 1700s witnessed a movement away from belief in demons and possession • Scientific and Intellectual advances were being made • A scientific approach led to the birth of modern psychology in the 1800s • Psychologists argued that human behavior and mental processes should be supported by evidence

  34. A History of Psychology: 1500 to 1800 • The 1500s, 1600s, and 1700s witnessed a movement away from belief in demons and possession • Scientific and Intellectual advances were being made • A scientific approach led to the birth of modern psychology in the 1800s • Psychologists argued that human behavior and mental processes should be supported by evidence • 1879 marked the beginning of psychology as a laboratory science

  35. Wilhelm Wundt and Structuralism

  36. Wilhelm Wundt and Structuralism • Wilhelm Wundt founded the School of Structuralism

  37. Wilhelm Wundt and Structuralism • Wilhelm Wundt founded the School of Structuralism • Structuralists- used introspection to discover the basic elements of conscious experience

  38. Wilhelm Wundt and Structuralism • Wilhelm Wundt founded the School of Structuralism • Structuralists- used introspection to discover the basic elements of conscious experience • 2 elements of conscious experience combined to allow the human mind to function

  39. Wilhelm Wundt and Structuralism • Wilhelm Wundt founded the School of Structuralism • Structuralists- used introspection to discover the basic elements of conscious experience • 2 elements of conscious experience combined to allow the human mind to function • Objective Sensations- assumed to accurately reflect the outside world. Ex. Sight and Taste

  40. Wilhelm Wundt and Structuralism • Wilhelm Wundt founded the School of Structuralism • Structuralists- used introspection to discover the basic elements of conscious experience • 2 elements of conscious experience combined to allow the human mind to function • Objective Sensations- assumed to accurately reflect the outside world. Ex. Sight and Taste • Subjective Feelings- include emotional responses and mental images

  41. Wilhelm Wundt and Structuralism • Wilhelm Wundt founded the School of Structuralism • Structuralists- used introspection to discover the basic elements of conscious experience • 2 elements of conscious experience combined to allow the human mind to function • Objective Sensations- assumed to accurately reflect the outside world. Ex. Sight and Taste • Subjective Feelings- include emotional responses and mental images • For example, a person can experience a piece of pizza objectively by observing its shape, color, texture, and taste. They can also experience the pizza subjectively by remembering how good it feels to bite into it

  42. William James and Functionalism

  43. William James and Functionalism • William James founded the school of Functionalism

  44. William James and Functionalism • William James founded the school of Functionalism • Thought that experience is a fluid and continuous “stream of consciousness”

  45. William James and Functionalism • William James founded the school of Functionalism • Thought that experience is a fluid and continuous “stream of consciousness” • Focused relationship between experience and behavior- Led to publishing first Psychology textbook

  46. William James and Functionalism • William James founded the school of Functionalism • Thought that experience is a fluid and continuous “stream of consciousness” • Focused relationship between experience and behavior- Led to publishing first Psychology textbook • Functionalists- concerned with how mental processes help organisms adapt to their environment

  47. Functionalism vs. Structuralism

  48. Functionalism vs. Structuralism • Structuralism relies on introspection

  49. Functionalism vs. Structuralism • Structuralism relies on introspection • Functionalism included behavioral observation in laboratory as well as introspection

  50. Functionalism vs. Structuralism • Structuralism relies on introspection • Functionalism included behavioral observation in laboratory as well as introspection • Structuralists asked “What are the elements (structures) of psychological processes?”

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