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Metadata: Tracking and Encryption

Learn about the importance of metadata in tracking and encryption, along with privacy laws related to metadata usage. Discover examples from Microsoft Word document properties to social networking metadata. Explore TOR, Heartbleed vulnerability, and laws like VPPA and DPPA.

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Metadata: Tracking and Encryption

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  1. Metadata:Tracking and Encryption

  2. Metadata Examples • Microsoft Word document properties • Telephone/email metadata • Camera/image metadata • Web browser identification and tracking

  3. Microsoft Word – Document Inspector

  4. Telephone & Email • Similar to postal mail: • Information needed to route and deliver the message • In many cases, content is less valuable than metadata

  5. Camera / Image Metadata • EXIF • Date & time • Camera settings (e.g. aperture, shutter speed, ISO speed) • GPS location

  6. Webpage Metadata • Evercookie • Panopticlick • Do Not Track HTTP Header

  7. Social Networking Metadata • Sleeping Time • Please Rob Me

  8. Interlude – Shopping Metadata

  9. Metadata Privacy Laws • Video Privacy Protection Act (VPPA) • Driver's Privacy Protection Act of 1994 (DPPA)

  10. Encryption • Doesn’t apply to metadata that is needed for routing (in most cases)

  11. Tor – The Onion Router • Origin node randomly selects three network nodes • Data is wrapped in three layers of encryption

  12. TOR - Weaknesses • Tracking cookies • Exit node eavesdropping • Traffic (timing) analysis • Site operators may block Tor traffic • Heartbleed

  13. Heartbleed • Exploits a flaw in TLS “heartbeat” extension • Affects servers and clients • Heartbeat message consists of a payload and a buffer • Attack consists of sending a maliciously constructed heartbeat message

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