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Public education reform movement

Public education reform movement. By: Allison Eglow, Alix Gardner, & Milinkumar. Background . No uniform educational policy existed Classrooms not divided by grade Few children continued in school beyond the age of 10 Free public education was common in New England but rare in the South

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Public education reform movement

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  1. Public education reform movement By: Allison Eglow, Alix Gardner, & Milinkumar

  2. Background • No uniform educational policy existed • Classrooms not divided by grade • Few children continued in school beyond the age of 10 • Free public education was common in New England but rare in the South • Most education took place at home with the family or tutors • Many were scared by the idea of uneducated citizens ruining the political structure • Little was taught and teachers were not very educated themselves schools were very inefficient

  3. Accomplishments • By 1850s all states had accepted three basic principles of public education: • schools should be free and supported by taxes • Teachers should be trained • Children should be required to attend school • Larger school houses, longer school terms, more criteria to teach students • American women gained their first opportunities for higher education • 1837 Mount Holyoke Seminary • Emphasis on increased education led to institutions to aid handicapped people • US literacy rate became highest in the world

  4. Important Leaders • Horace Mann- “Father of the Common School” • Background • Born into a poor farming family with little to no education • Took a great interest in reading later a tutor helped him get into the sophomore class at Brown University • Studied to be a lawyer and became Senator of Massachusetts • Elected Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education in 1837 • Passion • Felt that the Common School would be a great balance for society essential for the harmony and stability of society “Education is the only political safety. Outside of this ark all is deluge.”

  5. Important Leaders Continued… • Emma Willard • ~ First American female advocate of higher education for women • ~ Published “Plan for Improving Female Education” • -- Basis for public education of women in New York • ~ 1821 opened her own girls’ school the Troy Female Seminary • Horace Mann Continued.. • ~ Created 6th month minimum school year • ~ Campaigned for better school houses, longer school terms, expanded curriculum, and higher pay for teachers • ~ His ideals spread to mostly northern states and strongly effected the public school movement • Noah Webster - “School Master of the public” • ~ Wrote reading primers and texts for school use • ~ Created American Dictionary of 1828 • ~ Wrote Grammatical Institute of the English Language

  6. Connection to Jacksonian Democracy • “Rise of common man” more of the poor class are getting the education and have the right to attend school • Not only wealthy people can get a proper education • More educated people= more educated votes • More educated people led to more educated participation in government

  7. Multiple Choice • Who was the leader of the Education Reform Movement? • A) Emma Willard • B) Andrew Jackson • C) A slave in South Carolina • D) Horace Mann • Many people were scared of: • A) Uneducated people ruining political structure • B) Slaves revolting • C) Horace Mann ruining political structure • D) A balance in society • Which group of people did the Education Reform benefit most? • A) Northern plantation owners • B) Women and kids in the South • C) Children in the North • D) Free African Americans

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