G RADE 11 Life Orientation

1. GRADE 11Life Orientation PERSONAL SAFETY

2. SAFE SEX

3. RISKS OF UNSAFE SEX • Exposure to Sexually Transmitted Diseases such as: HIV and AIDS Syphilis Hepatitis B Herpes • Some STDs are incurable • Unexpected pregnancy - it's not glamorous.

4. Emotional Risks Partners leave! Depression Self-Hatred Low Self-worth • Abortion as a result of unwanted pregnancy - serious mental, physical and emotional consequences • Serious harm to your body • Cervical cancer • Could ruin your or someone else's school career/reputation • If you become a teen parent, you will have to get a job to support the baby

5. tips on how to MAKE SEX SAFER. • Always check the expiration date of the condom. • Make sure that the condom package is intact . • Always pick a lubricated condom. • Having a single sex partner drastically decreases your risk of getting an STI or HIV/AIDS. • speak to your partner to find out if they have any diseases before having sex .

6. tips on how to MAKE SEX SAFER. • visit your doctor regularly to get tested for STI, HIV/AIDS and cancer (testicular, prostate and ovarian) • Remember that there is no such thing as safe sex, only safer sex as sex with the use of contraceptives still carries a risk • Abstinence is the only way to ensure your sexual safety • Do not have sex under the influence of alcohol

7. tips on how to MAKE SEX SAFER. • Don't use two condoms! The friction will tear them! • Do not use incompatible lubricants, it can weaken condoms, making tearing more likely! • Use the condom in conjunction with other contraceptives, the injection or the pill. • Don't skip the pill. • Be aware that antibiotics and certain medicines can make the pill ineffective as can having diarrhoea or vomiting. .

8. tips on how to MAKE SEX SAFER. • Do not reuse condoms . • Use latex gloves for digital penetration • Talk to your partner before having sex about the amount of partners before , tested for STDS and what kind of relationship you and your partner are in .

10. Internet Safety Risks • Paedophiles/predators • You can become addicted and the internet becomes your first priority • Access to pornography which is also addictive • Personal identity theft can occur if security is not monitored • Harassment • Phishing is a trick used by Identity Thieves to obtain personal information such as Bank Codes.

11. Internet Safety Risks • Cyberbullying • Online Predators • Exposure to inappropriate material • Being a victim of fraud • Being stalked • Negative digital footprint

12. Internet Safety Tips • Be aware of the pictures you post on social networking sites • Always talk to someone if you receive any inappropriate messages • Don't reply to any threatening messages/to people you don't know • Don't trade any personal photographs • Never agree to meet anyone that you have only spoken to on chat rooms

13. Internet Safety Tips • Do not share any of your personal information • Don't send or respond to mean/insulting messages • Don't say things on the internet that you wouldn't say in real life • Never give out personal information ( such as your name, age etc. ) • Delete unnecessary "Cookies" , as they can be used by Identity thieves to steal personal information.

14. Internet Safety Tips • Never enter a website that you do not trust. To check for authenticity check the sites Web License • Never open files attached to an email from a stranger ( It may be a virus such as a Keylogger ) • To identify phishing sites: Check the links in the email. Check the url provided https:// ( will be an indication of whether the site is secure or not)

15. Internet Safety Tips • Parental monitoring over what you can see • Use ad-blockers to prevent accidental clicks • Use unique and strong passwords • Create a fictitious username (Ex. DogLover101) • Install anti-virus/anti-spyware software • Use trusted websites

16. Internet Safety Tips • Create a fictitious username (Ex. DogLover101) • Install anti-virus/anti-spyware software • Use trusted websites • Only open email from trusted senders • Do not react to online abuse, let the abusers be.

17. Cyber Bullying

18. Studies show: children/tweens/teens that were exposed to cyberbullying felt: Hurt feelings Sadness Anxiety Depression or other more serious mental health problems Anger Shame Fear Frustration Low self esteem Inability to trust in others

19. When these negative emotions are not dealt with properly, victims may resort to the following behaviors: · Withdrawal, seclusion, avoidance of social relationships · Poor academic performance · Bullying others – to feel in control · In extreme cases – Suicide

20. If you are being bullied: • Don't Blame yourself • Be proud of who you are • Get help • Learn to deal with stress • Protect yourself

21. 6. Report the bully to a trusted adult 7. Try to view bullying from a different perspective 8. Look at the big picture 9. Focus on the positive 10. Share your feelings

22. ROAD SAFETY

23. Road Safety Risks • Drunk / reckless driving • Illegal / underage driving • Not obeying road laws • Picking up hitchhikers • Hijacking / smash-and-grabs

24. Road Safety Risks • Failures on the vehicle may be dangerous like a tire blowout or even causing you to become stationary in a dangerous position. • Driver distractions - e.g cell phones • Speeding • Driver fatigue

25. Road Safety Tips • Don't get into the car with drunk people. • Don't cross a highway drunk. • Look left and right before crossing a road. • Don't treat the road as a playground. • Ensure that your driveway is well lit to reduce the risk of hi-jackings

26. Road Safety Tips • Be aware when driving in dangerous areas • Treat even green robots as orange at night as there may be other drunk drivers • Don't distract the person driving. • Maintain a safe following distance. • Be aware of pedestrians and cyclists • Don't use a mobile device while driving

27. Road Safety Tips • Keep your doors locked • Wear safety belts • Make use of pedestrian crossings • Ensure that you are driving with your lights on during day and night • Take your vehicle for regular check ups • Learn to recognise dangerous drivers and pedestrians and stay clear of them

28. Road Safety Tips • Avoid using roads late at night and early morning during a weekend. • Stay in one destination if you are planning on drinking that night (Avoiding roads like above.) • Make use of public transport, 'My city' bus (BRT). • Don't leave your valuables on display • Be aware of threats to your immediate safety

29. PERSONAL HYGIENE

30. Personal Hygiene Risks • Diseases and illnesses • Social effects • Low self-esteem • Low confidence • Body odor • Bad breath • Skin problems

31. Personal Hygiene Risks • Girls: when you're on your period, change your pad/tampon on a regular basis - tampons: every 5 hours or less. Pads: every 3 - 4 hours • Wash your hair regularly • Keep your fingernails short and tidy • Look after your skin (good skin care - natural products)

32. Personal Hygiene Tips • Wash hands after visiting the bathroom • Wash hands before, between and after preparing food • Use different cooking utensils for different types of food to prevent cross contamination which can help prevent food poisoning • Wash your body on a regular basis, esp. after sport/exercise • Use deodorants to help improve your body odour

33. Personal Hygiene Tips • Wash clothes regularly • Make sure you brush your teeth AT LEAST once a day, preferably twice a day. • Wash hair at least 3 times a week. • Brush and floss your teeth daily otherwise may cause gum diseases. • Keep your nails short and clean

34. DIET & NUTRITION

35. Diet and Nutrition Risks • Bad diet increases risks of disease and ill health • Being over or under weight may severly affect one's confidence and mental health • Lack of energy • Skin breakouts • Cholestrol, heart attacks, diabetes

36. Diet and Nutrition Tips • Make sure you eat a well balanced diet (a healthy diet = a healthy lifestyle) • Drink lots of water • Exercise regularly • Snack on healthy food eg. nuts, dried fruit etc • Stay away from fatty foods and minimise starch intake

37. Diet and Nutrition Tips • Check nutritional info on packaging of products before you injest products • Find out if your supplements or medication could be harmful to your health • Provide your body with the correct minerals and nutrients. • Rather eat smaller, more regular meals than fewer, larger meals

38. Diet and Nutrition Tips • Eat the correct number of servings from each food group every day • Eating food that is cooked correctly can be vital to your health • Eat foods that supply your body with the certain minerals and vitamins it needs • When trying to lose weight, not eating is not the way to do - in order to lose weight YOU MUST EAT - just correctly

39. Eating Disorders

40. Risks of Eating Disorders • Heart Failure • Damage to vital organs • Psychiatric Illnesses • Severe damage to body (e.g bulimia or constant binge eating. • Some may experience problems that one may faced when suffering from obesity (e.g High cholesterol, High blood pressure as well as Diabetes.

41. Tips/Advice on Eating Disorders Talk to a friend or family member. If you are a family member: • Focus on feelings, you are concerned about their health • DO NOT comment on how they look. • DO NOT convey a fat prejudice • Avoid any power struggles regarding eating • Avoid placing any guilt • Avoid giving simple solutions, their problems can be more complex and in depth than what a simple solution could solve.

42. NIGHTCLUB / PARTY SAFETY

43. Night Club or Party Risks • Your drink could get spiked by a rapist or stalker • Loss of valuable possessions • People under the influence of alcohol could be taken advantage of in various ways - drugs/sex • Giving away personal information without realising • Getting kidnapped

44. Night Club or Party Risks - • Hooking up with underaged girls or paedophiles • Getting caught in the middle of a raid at a club whilst underrage • You also risk being raped • Being a victim of drug abuse

45. Night Club or Party Risks • Unwise decisions and clouded judgement • Addiction • Unprotected Sex • Alcohol Poisoning • Unaware of your actions and whereabouts

46. Night Club or Party Risks • Unsafe Sex, which can lead to pregnancy, abortion, disease, and damage of self-esteem • Often alcohol leads to drugs and visa versa • Fighting • Stampedes • Sexual assault

47. Night Club or Party Safety Tips • Don't leave your drink unattended • Go out with people you know • Don't drink and drive • If you with a big group of people hire a shuttle service • Be aware of your surroundings

48. Night Club or Party Safety Tips • Don't go to the bathroom alone • Make sure you cell phone is charged so you can communicate in case of an emergency • When ordering a drink watch the bartender make it • Avoid contact with very drunk or high people • Don't be afraid to tell someone to leave you alone (confidence)

49. Night Club or Party Safety Tips • Never let anyone buy, or take your drink without you knowing • Always organise yourself a safe lift home. • Abstain from drugs and alcohol • Have someone to look after you and designated driver • Drink Responsibly • Be aware and have limits

50. Night Club or Party Safety Tips • Keep your hand over your open cup or bottle to avoid spiking of drinks • Plan the way you are getting home before going to the party • In a club/party make sure you have a central point to meet your friends if you lose them.