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Von Neumann Architecture

Von Neumann Architecture. Data and instructions are stored in a single read-write memory. The contents of this memory are addressable by location, without regard to the type of data contained there.

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Von Neumann Architecture

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  1. Von Neumann Architecture • Data and instructions are stored in a single read-write memory. • The contents of this memory are addressable by location, without regard to the type of data contained there. • Execution occurs in a sequential fashion (unless explicitly modified) from one instruction to the next.

  2. Computer: Components • Three modules • CPU • Memory • Input/output

  3. Computer from scratch • Fundamental task: computation • Perform arithmetic and logical operations on data

  4. Computer from scratch • Functions with arguments • Input and output • Construct circuits (mechanical, electrical, whatever) to perform these computations • “Hardwired program”

  5. Computer from scratch • Problem: we’ve got a lot of circuits to build

  6. Computer from scratch • Solution: one computer to perform several functions • Select between functions with “control signals” • A signal to tell which function • A signal for each argument

  7. Computer from scratch • Pocket calculator • Modern computer?

  8. Computer: Components • Three modules • CPU • Memory • Input/output

  9. Von Neumann Architecture • Data and instructions are stored in a single read-write memory. • The contents of this memory are addressable by location, without regard to the type of data contained there. • Execution occurs in a sequential fashion (unless explicitly modified) from one instruction to the next.

  10. Computer from scratch • The entire program is actually a sequence of steps • A set of control signals per step • A unique code for each possible set of control signals

  11. Von Neumann Architecture • Data and instructions are stored in a single read-write memory. • The contents of this memory are addressable by location, without regard to the type of data contained there. • Execution occurs in a sequential fashion (unless explicitly modified) from one instruction to the next.

  12. Computer from scratch • That’s better • Instead of rewiring the hardware, just provide a new sequence of codes • A sequence of codes or instructions is called “software”

  13. Computer: Components • Three modules • CPU • Memory • Input/output

  14. Computer: Input/output • Be able to use the thing

  15. Computer: CPU • Instruction interpreter • Accept input, convert to functions • General-purpose arithmetic and logic functions • Compute them

  16. Computer: Memory • Store lists of instructions • Store data • Modify both

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