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Sustainable MIS Infrastructure

Sustainable MIS Infrastructure. BSAD 141 Dave Novak BDIS: 5.1 and 5.2. Lecture Overview. MIS Infrastructure Supporting operations Backup plan Disaster recovery plan Business continuity plan Agile MIS Infrastructure EWaste Sustainable IT Infrastructure. MIS Infrastructure .

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Sustainable MIS Infrastructure

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  1. Sustainable MIS Infrastructure BSAD 141 Dave Novak BDIS: 5.1 and 5.2

  2. Lecture Overview • MIS Infrastructure • Supporting operations • Backup plan • Disaster recovery plan • Business continuity plan • Agile MIS Infrastructure • EWaste • Sustainable IT Infrastructure

  3. MIS Infrastructure • What is it? Plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets • Hardware • Software • Network • Client devices & server devices • What is the difference between a client and a server?

  4. MIS Infrastructure • Data center – A facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems • Cisco projections for data center / cloud traffic to triple over next 3-4 years • http://www.zdnet.com/cisco-projects-data-center-cloud-traffic-to-triple-by-2017-7000021985/

  5. Data Centers • Why would this matter to you? • 1) This is the reality of modern IT / IS operations • 2) HUGE $$$ • 3) HUGE implications with respect to your organization’s information / data needs and uses

  6. Data Centers • Design and facilities • Power, energy efficiency cooling, site selection, cable infrastructure • Infrastructure • Legacy hardware, OS integration, rack –vs- blade, virtualization, storage and capacity –vs- performance • Operations and best practices • Staffing, disaster recovery, capacity planning

  7. Data Center Tour • Google Data Center • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9AiN7oJaIM • ISWest Green technology Data Center Tour • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlDWMg49z_U • A not-so-impressive Data Center • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBUYIv1DTYI • Notice the: • Cabling – rat’s nest, clothes line, rainbow of colors • Removed floor panels with fans resting on them • Tripping hazards • ‘sticky notes’ on servers

  8. Sustainable Data Centers • In addition to cost and performance considerations, may focus on: • Reducing carbon emissions • Reducing required floor space • Choosing a very specific geographic location based on more than just cost minimization strategies

  9. Data Center –vs- Cloud • Data centers – enterprise IT, organization specific IT resources / assets • Public cloud providers (Amazon, Facebook, Google) – provide IT-related resources and services to anyone for a fee

  10. Cloud Computing • Refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet

  11. Cloud Computing • Why would an organization choose this option? • Lack of technical expertise • Cost savings (capital costs and maintenance) • Flexibility • Scalability

  12. Cloud Computing • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RS6w5KYlHko&feature=youtu.be • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ae_DKNwK_ms • This sounds great! Why would your organization build and maintain their own enterprise IT? • Maintaining an enterprise IT system allows the organization complete control – cloud computing does not

  13. Data Center –vs- Cloud • All storage, security, and service solutions are not equal…. • Cloud providers tend to rely on inexpensive, older (not cutting edge) hardware solutions • No tier 1 storage vendors in the public cloud (these are largest, most well-known vendors in the field)

  14. Data Center –vs- Cloud • Cloud providers tend to rely on Direct Attached Storage (DAS) as opposed to Storage Area Networks (SAN) and do not use Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) • DAS is inexpensive and simple • “Best practices” for fault tolerance and performance utilize some level of RAID – cloud providers tend to replicate complete data to multiple locations

  15. Data Center –vs- Cloud • Cloud providers tend to rely less on virtualization • Virtualization solutions tend to be open source as opposed to commercial • Cloud data centers focus on cost minimization and tend to locate where resources are least expensive

  16. Supporting Operations • 1) Backup plan • Strategy for copying and archiving data • 2) Disaster recovery/business continuity plan • Describes how the organization will deal with any potential disaster • Minimize impact • Prevention • Maximize ability to resume mission critical functions

  17. 1) Backup and Recovery • Full Backup – An exact copy of a system’s information • Differential Backup – Copies only subset of files or parts of files that have changed since last full backup • Incremental Backup – Copies all files or parts of files that have changed since previous backup of any type

  18. 1) Backup and Recovery Source: http://www.backup.info/difference-between-full-differential-and-incremental-backup

  19. 2) Disaster Recovery Plan • A detailed process for recovering information or an IT system in the event of natural or man-made disasters • Disaster recovery cost curve - Charts (1) the cost to the organization of the unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the organization of recovering from a disaster over time

  20. 2) Disaster Recovery Curve

  21. 2) Disaster Recovery Plan • Hot site - A separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business • Cold site - A separate facility that does not have any computer equipment, but is a place where employees can move after a disaster

  22. Agile MIS Infrastructure • Characteristics of an agile (clever, coordinated) MIS infrastructure • 1) Accessibility • 2) Availability • 3) Maintainability • 4) Portability • 5) Reliability • 6) Scalability • 7) Usability

  23. 1) Accessibility • Refers to the ease of accomplishing objectives: defines different “levels” or categories of user in terms of what each user can access, view, or create/delete when using a system • Administrator access – Unrestricted access to the entire system

  24. 2) Availability • Availability– Refers to the time when the system is operational or ready for use • Unavailable – Time frames when a system is not operating and cannot be used • High availability – System is continuously operational at all times

  25. 3) Maintainability • Refers to how quickly, or the ease a system can transform to support changes as well as the time/effort to repair or upgrade • Organizations must watch today’s business, as well as tomorrow’s, when designing and building systems • Systems must be flexible enough to meet all types of business changes

  26. 4) Portability • Refers to the ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms: how quickly/easily an application be moved from one environment to another

  27. 5) Reliability • Refers to the proportion of time a system is functioning correctly and the accuracy of the information being provided • Reliability is another term for accuracy when discussing the correctness of systems within the context of efficiency IT metrics

  28. 6) Scalability • Refers to how well a system can adapt to the increased demands of growth • Performance - Measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction • Capacity planning - Determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance

  29. 7) Usability • Refers to the degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use • How would you measure this?

  30. E-Waste • Discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices • CDs, DVDs, thumb drives, printer cartridges, cell phones, TVs, DVD players, etc… • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_ZqSige34c

  31. E-Waste • Americans discard 30 Million computers each year • Europeans discards 100 Million phones each year • Only 15-20% of all E-waste is recycled • E-Waste is 2% of the physical waste produced in the US • This 2% is the source of 50-70% of the toxins released from our waste stream Source: Green IT, Velte, Velte and Elsenpeter. Mcgraw Hill. 2008

  32. Why is E-waste different from other waste streams? • Anticipated increase, decrease or leveling off of this material? • Lifespan of Electronics compared to other appliances? • Up-cycling parts or components? • Ease of assembly and modularization of parts? • Same materials?

  33. Sustainable IT Infrastructure • What does this even mean? • Pursuing goals such as: • Improving “efficiency” • Reduce green house gas emissions • Reduce electricity usage • Reduce e-waste • Educate the public and users

  34. Sustainable IT Infrastructure • The book focuses on “technological” solutions, but in reality usage policies are the most cost effective approaches to sustainability • Energy star purchases • Exchanges for outdated equipment • Turning off monitors – putting computers in sleep mode • Using smart power strips

  35. Sustainable IT Infrastructure • The components of a sustainable MIS infrastructure can include • Grid computing • Cloud computing • Virtualized computing

  36. Grid Computing • A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem • Applying resources from many computers to share processing power, memory, and data storage

  37. Virtualization • Creating a software-based representation of something (rather than the actual thing) • Making one resource appear as many (one physical file server appear as multiple file servers) or making many resources appear as one • Mimicking the behavior of another system using simulation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9AiN7oJaIM

  38. Virtualization • For example, a virtual OS is the concept of having more than one OS (more than the native OS) on a single computer • Parallels • VMWare • VirtualBox • Virtual Win • Windows OS can be run in a virtual environment on a MAC • Linux on a PC

  39. Virtualization • Virtualization technology fundamentally strives for the same thing regardless of vendor.. Reducing the technological footprint by enabling more virtual machines (VM’s) to run on a single hardware device. Virtualized server architecture Traditional Standalone Server. May be Intel or RISC P to V process

  40. Virtualization Physical World Virtualized World Hardware • Traditional x86 Architecture • Single OS image per machine • Software and hardware tightly coupled • Multiple applications often conflict • Underutilized resources • Virtualization: • Separationof OS and hardware • OS and application contained in single file • Applications are isolated from one another • Hardware independence & flexibility

  41. Driving Reasons for Virtual Infrastructure • Economic • Environmental • Less power consumed • Less toxic electronic devices • System Portability • Enhanced Management

  42. Summary • MIS Infrastructure • Supporting operations components • Agile MIS Infrastructure components • EWaste • Sustainable IT Infrastructure components

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