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Middle Ages: Feudalism. Warm-Up. 1. Get out your sensory figures of: Christians, Charlemagne and Vikings. 2. Share with your group or with a partner in your group. Notice how similar and/or different your ideas are. Be prepared to share as a whole group. Story Time. Hear ye, Hear Ye!!
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Warm-Up • 1. Get out your sensory figures of: Christians, Charlemagne and Vikings. • 2. Share with your group or with a partner in your group. Notice how similar and/or different your ideas are. Be prepared to share as a whole group.
Story Time • Hear ye, Hear Ye!! • Ye shall partake in a story about the Viking descendents called Normans and their invasion of Saxon England! • This story and pictures can be found in the Bayeux Tapestry – on my board.
Harold, Earl of Wessex and William, Duke of Normandy Harold, Earl of Wessex William, Duke of Normandy
Feudalism • The people of the Middle Ages came to be dominated by feudalism. • Feudalism was a system of government in which nobles gave out land to less powerful nobles in exchange for loyalty and services. • The nobleman who “owned” or controlled the land was called the lord – and the lesser nobleman who received the land was called the vassal.
Lord’s Rule • Under feudalism, the lord governed only the people of his land. • Sometimes the king united the local nobility in a common defense against invading forces. • This was an improvement over having each lord attempt to act alone in defending his land and people.
Feudal Structure • In a feudal society, each person had a fixed place. • Powerful local lords acted independently of the king, but they recognized his leadership and their duty to serve him. • The local lords divided their land among vassals, or lesser nobles. • Vassals then divided their land among knights, or still lesser nobles, who served in was as mounted warriors.
Manorialism • The common people, mostly peasant farmers, tilled the land in return for the lord’s protection. • Sometimes peasants were serfs. • Serfs were not slaves, but they had to stay on the land and serve their lords – the land owned them!
Manorialism • The parcel of land granted to a vassal by his lord was called a fief. • The center of the lord’s fief was the manor, which consisted of a large house or castle, surrounding farmland, villages, and a church. • A fief might also include several other manors or castles belonging to the fief-owner’s castles.
Manorialism • On the manor, peasants lived and farmed, but they did not own the land they lived on. • In exchange for their lord’s protection, the peasants contributed their labor and a certain amount of the food they raised.
Manorialism • Medieval nobles had more power than the peasants. • However, the difference in the standard of living between the very rich and the very poor was not as great as the difference today. • Castle Life – defense and not comfort, smoky, dark, cold, and had many insects and critters. • Peasant Life – small huts with dirt floor and animals inside the home. Worked Lord’s land 2-3 days a week, the rest on their land. Sundays, holidays, festivals were the only day’s off and controlled by the Church.
Guided Practice • Feudalism Activity • Students will simulate feudalism in Medieval Europe.
Independent Activity • 1. What need would the nobles and king have for all that food and material (tokens)? • 2. How effective (how well did it work and what did it provide) was feudalism and manorialism? • 3. Are there any areas in need of improvement? What changes would you recommend to feudalism and manorialism?
Closure • Objective: design a fiefdom with the components from feudalism and manorialism. • You have been granted a fief from the king. What will your fiefdom look like? • Castle(s) • Farm land • Water source • Food source • People to work the land • People to protect the land
Homework • Review your notes and be prepared to complete a quiz on feudalism.
