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Carbon Capture and Sequestration Analysis of Options

Carbon Capture and Sequestration Analysis of Options. WESTCARB Annual Meeting October 28, 2004 David Cheng MIT. Our Role in WESTCARB. Help integrate data Store data on consistent basis Easily display data in various combinations Perform queries and simple manipulations Perform analyses

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Carbon Capture and Sequestration Analysis of Options

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  1. Carbon Capture and SequestrationAnalysis of Options WESTCARB Annual Meeting October 28, 2004 David Cheng MIT

  2. Our Role in WESTCARB • Help integrate data • Store data on consistent basis • Easily display data in various combinations • Perform queries and simple manipulations • Perform analyses • e.g., Cost estimation, source/sink matching • Initial screening to help identify potential projects

  3. CO2 Sequestration: Overview Source: Economic Evaluation of CO2 Storage and Sink Enhancement Options (TVA Report to DOE) Capture Storage Transport

  4. GIS Models for Geological Carbon Sequestration • CO2 Capture Cost Model • Provided by SFA Pacific • CO2 Storage Capacity Model • CO2 Injectivity and Injection Cost Model • CO2 Transportation Cost Model • Source-Reservoir Matching Model

  5. CO2 Storage Capacity Model • Aquifer reservoir • Q = storage capacity of entire aquifer (MtCO2) • V = total volume of entire aquifer (km3) • p = reservoir porosity (%) • e = storage efficiency (%) • pCO2 = CO2 density (kg/m3) • Required Reservoir Data: • Geographical Extent and Thickness • Reservoir Porosity • Reservoir Pressure and Temperature (may be estimated from depth)

  6. CO2 Injectivity Model User Controlled Inputs: CO2 flow rate Downhole injection pressure Intermediate Calculations: CO2 viscosity CO2 mobility CO2 injectivity rate per well Final Output: # of injection wells Reservoir Characteristics: Depth Thickness Permeability Pressure Temperature

  7. Injection Cost Estimation Capital Cost: Site screening Well drilling Injection equipment # of wells Annual CO2 injection cost Capital Charge Rate O&M Cost: Normal daily expense Surface maintenance Subsurface maintenance Consumables CO2 injection cost $ /ton CO2 flow rate

  8. CO2 Transportation Cost Model • Pipeline Diameter • D = f (CO2 flow rate) • Lowest-Cost Pipeline Route Selection • Existing right-of-way • Land use and land cover • River crossing • Railroad/road crossing • Population density • Slope • Pipeline Construction and O&M Cost

  9. Lowest-Cost Pipeline Route Selection

  10. Source-Reservoir Matching • One-to-one matching • For a given CO2 source, identify CO2 reservoir(s) that minimize the total transport and injection cost under the capacity constraint • Many (sources) to one (reservoir) matching • Sharing pipeline • Minimize the total cost of the sub-system under the capacity constraint • Many-to-many matching • System analysis that considers capture, transport, and storage costs subject to capacity constraints

  11. Example: Many-to-One Matching

  12. Some Key Outstanding Issues • Missing data (e.g., permeability) • Reservoir capacity calculation methodology not well defined. We basically calculate “available pore space” and apply an empirical “storage efficiency factor” • Little data exists on seal characteristics of reservoir

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