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Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Materials Transport

Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Materials Transport Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP). Gina Marie ( Jākey ) Carrillo- Lazo Senior Dangerous Goods Inspector Certificate Management Department Flight Standards Inspectorate Services (FSIS).

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Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Materials Transport

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  1. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Materials Transport Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) Gina Marie (Jākey) Carrillo-Lazo Senior Dangerous Goods InspectorCertificate Management DepartmentFlight Standards Inspectorate Services (FSIS)

  2. Hazardous Materials/ Dangerous Goods Definitions What are Hazardous Materials (HazMat) or Dangerous Goods (DG) Articles? Dangerous goods are solids, liquids, or gases that can harm people, other living organisms, property, or the environment. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  3. Sea How are HazMat or DG Items Transported ? Land Air Rail Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  4. Dangerous Goods Items and Classifications Class 1 – ExplosivesExamples:gunpowder, grenades, ammunition, flares, fireworks Class 2 – Gases (flammable, non-flammable, toxic) Examples:propane, butane, LPG, nitrogen, ammonia, aerosols Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  5. Dangerous Goods Items and Classifications Class 3 – Flammable LiquidsExamples:petrol, alcohols, thinners, solvents, lacquers,varnishes Class 4 – Flammable SolidsExamples:matches, sulphur, wetted explosives, silicon powder, moth balls Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  6. Dangerous Goods Items and Classifications Class 5 – Oxidizing Substances, Organic PeroxidesExamples:hydrogen peroxide, ammonium nitrate, domestic bleach Class 6 – Toxic and Infectious SubstancesExamples:Pest strips, flea collars, correcting fluid, mercury thermometers, insecticides, fiberglass, cyanide solutions Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  7. Dangerous Goods Items and Classifications Class 7 – Radioactive MaterialExamples:Substances (solid or liquid) which spontaneously emit ionizing radiation – Category I, II or III, depending on the radiation level of transport packaging Class 8– Corrosive SubstancesExamples: Caustic soda, dishwasher detergent, cleaning products, hydrochloric acid and battery acids Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  8. Dangerous Goods Items and Classifications Class 9 – Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances, Including Environmentally-Hazardous Substances Examples:dry ice, asbetos, lithium ion batteries, cosmetics, chemical kits Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  9. Dangerous Goods Information to the Public Examples of Dangerous Goods Signs Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  10. Dangerous Goods Information to the Public Example of a Dangerous Goods Sign Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  11. Why Does the Transport of Hazardous Materials and Dangerous Goods Need Regulatory Standards? Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  12. 1. SAFETY 2.SECURITY Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  13. Dangerous Goods-Related Accidents and IncidentsInthe Aviation Industry Flight/ Date : J7592/11 May 1996Airline : ValujetAircraft : DC9-32Type of Flight : CommercialCrash Site : Everglades Reported Problem: Fire in Cargo Compartment DG Item Identified as Cause: Class 5.1 Oxygen Generators Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  14. Dangerous Goods-Related Accidents and IncidentsIn the Aviation Industry Flight/ Date : FX1406/ 05 Sep 1996Airline : Federal ExpressAircraft : DC10-10Type of Flight : CargoCrash Site : Newburgh, NY Reported Problem: Fire/ Smoke in the Cabin Cargo CompartmentOne of Several Possible Causes: Undeclared Hazardous Items Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  15. Dangerous Goods-Related Accidents and IncidentsIn the Aviation Industry Flight/ Date : 5X1406/ 07 Feb 2006Airline : United Parcel Services (UPS)Aircraft : DC 8-71FType of Flight : CargoCrash Site : Philadelphia, PA Reported Problem: Smoke in Cargo CompartmentOne of Several Possible Causes: Undeclared Hazardous Items Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  16. Dangerous Goods-Related Accidents and IncidentsInthe Aviation Industry Flight/ Date : 5X006/ 03 Sep 2010Airline : United Parcel Services (UPS)Aircraft : B744FType of Flight : CargoCrash Site : Near Dubai Silicon OasisReported Problem: Fire in Main Cargo Deck Published Cause: Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Controversy:Al-Qaeda claimed responsibility for accident as part of the 2010 cargo plane bomb plot Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  17. 1. SAFETY 2. SECURITY Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  18. TERRORISM

  19. Legislative Bases for Dangerous Goods RegulationsInternational International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Standards and Recommended Practices (SARP) Annex 18 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation The Safe Transport ofDangerous Goods By Air Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  20. Legislative Bases for Dangerous Goods RegulationsInternational “The material in this Annex was developed by the Air Navigation Commission in response to a need expressed by Contracting States for an internationally agreed set of provisions governing the safe transport of dangerous goods by air.” Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  21. Technical Bases for Dangerous Goods Regulations Annex 18 to the Chicago Convention and the associated Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air of the ICAO are recognized as the sole authentic legal source material in the air transport of dangerous goods. The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations are published in order to provide procedures for shippers and operators by which articles and substances with hazardous properties can be safely transported by air on all commercial air transport. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  22. Legislative Bases for Dangerous Goods RegulationsPhilippines How Did DG Regulations Come About? Prior to CAAP’s formation in 2007, the AIR TRANSPORTATION OFFICE (ATO) handled Civil Aviation oversight in the Philippines. In July 2007, the Philippine Civil Aviation under the ATO was audited by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) which revealed safety oversight deficiencies. The Philippine Civil Aviation was downgraded from Category I to Category II . In response to the FAA findings, the Philippine Government embarked on a Reform Program starting with the enactment into Law of Republic Act 9497 (RA 9497), creating the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) and abolishing the ATO in the process. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  23. Legislative Bases for Dangerous Goods RegulationsPhilippines How Did DG Regulations Come About? RA 9497 - The CAAP Law (born: 23 March 2008) Chapter X - Other PowersSec. 77 Authority Respecting the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air The Director General shall monitor and enforce compliance of the rules and regulations concerning the carriage of goods by air in relation to Annex 18 of the Chicago Convention and the ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  24. Legislative Bases for Dangerous Goods RegulationsPhilippines How Did DG Regulations Come About? RA9497, Sec. 23, empowers the CAAP Board to promulgate rules and regulations in the interest of air safety. This came in effect via the Philippine Civil Aviation Regulations (PCARs), promulgatedin 2008. Based on recommendations born from two audits conducted, ICAO-Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme (USOAP) in 2009 and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in 2010, respectively, amendments to the PCARs were made in 2011. The PCARs are based on the ICAO SARP. It has 11 Parts and 2 Nomenclatures (Procedural Laws) which originally were Part 13 (Accident Reporting Investigation) and Part 18 (Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air). Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  25. Legislative Bases for Dangerous Goods RegulationsPhilippines How Did DG Regulations Come About? PCAR Part 18 The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air Nomenclature (Official Gazette)Procedural LawReleased 20 July 2012 as the Manual of Dangerous Goods Approvals Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  26. PCAR Part 18:The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air • Applicability • applicable to all domestic and internationaloperations of civil aircraft. • In the interest of safety and minimizing interruptions to the international transport of dangerous goods, the domestic civil • aircraft operations must comply with Annex 18 and ICAO • Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous • Goods by Air. • All air carriers or operators shall comply with this Civil Aviation Regulation, Annex 18, ICAO Technical Instructions (TI) for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  27. PCAR Part 18:The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air AOCs That Opt NOT to Carry Dangerous Goods AOC With Dangerous Goods Carrier Permit Philippine Airlines All other Local Carriers • MANUALS – PCAR 18.5 • Operations Manuals must contain more detailed procedures on DG handling (acceptance, storage, loading, written notification to Pilot-in-command, incident reporting, damage to DG packaging, special requirements for poisons) • MANUALS- PCAR 18.5 • Operations Manuals contain less detailed procedures on DG handling (DG awareness training, no DG to be accepted, reporting of damaged packages suspected to contain DG) Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  28. PCAR Part 18:The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air AOCs That Opt NOT to Carry Dangerous Goods AOC With Dangerous Goods Carrier Permit • TRAINING SUBJECTS – PCAR 18.6 • (1) Dangerous goods and classifications • (2) Shipping paper and certificate requirements • (3) Packaging, marking, and labeling • (4) Exemption authority • (5) Exceptions from the regulations • (6) Written communication to pilot in • command • (7) Keeping and replacement of lost or • damaged labels • (8) Reporting hazardous materials incidents/deficiencies • (9) Loading, unloading, and handling • (10) Specific regulations applicable according to classification of material. • TRAINING SUBJECTS – PCAR 18.6 • (1) Dangerous goods and classifications • (2) Packaging, marking, and labeling Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  29. PCAR Part 18:The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air AOC With Dangerous Goods Carrier Permit • PACKING – 18.14 • (i) Dangerous Goods shall be packed in accordance with PCAR and as provided for in the Technical Instructions. • (ii) Packaging shall be of good quality, constructed and securely closed so as to prevent leakage which might be caused in normal • conditions of transport, by changes in temperature, humidity or • pressure, or by vibration. • (iii) Packaging shall be suitable for the contents. Packaging in direct contact with DG shall be resistant to any chemical or other action • of such goods. • (iv) Packaging shall meet the material and construction specifications in the Technical Instructions. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  30. PCAR Part 18:The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air AOC With Dangerous Goods Carrier Permit • PACKING – 18.14 (v) Packaging shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of the Technical Instructions. (vi) Packaging for which retention of a liquid is a basic function, shall be capable of withstanding, without leaking, the pressure stated in the Technical Instructions. (vii) Inner Packaging shall be so packed, secured or cushioned as to prevent their breakage or leakage and to control their movement within the outer packaging(s) during normal conditions of air transport. Cushioning and absorbent materials shall not react dangerously with the contents of the packaging. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  31. PCAR Part 18:The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air AOC With Dangerous Goods Carrier Permit • PACKING – 18.14 • (viii) No packaging shall be re-used until it has been inspected and found free from corrosion or other damage. Where a packaging is re-used, all necessary measures shall be taken to prevent contamination of subsequent contents. • (ix) If, because of the nature of their former contents, un-cleaned empty packaging may present a hazard, they shall be tightly closed and treated according to the hazard they constitute. • (x) No harmful quantity of a dangerous substance shall adhere to the outside of packages. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  32. Dangerous Goods Awareness and SurveillanceInitiatives of the CAAP Certificate Management Department (CMD) Philippine Airlines– the only certifiedDangerous Goods Carrier in the Philippines Cebu Pacific Air – Non-DG Carrier but with special exemptions for special routes and VVIP flights Flight Operations Department (FOD) Royal StarLion Air All other General Aviation Air Operators Air Philippines ExpressZest Air Sea Air Air Asia Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  33. CAAP Road Map for Dangerous Goods Surveillance Develop PCAR Part 18: Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air Create DG Specialized Team to handle DG Surveillance Screen/ hire Qualified Personnel as DG Inspectors v Develop Tools (CASORT) Conduct Inspector & DG Technical Trainings Conduct OJT for New DG inspectors Conduct continuous Technical Trainings on Required & Support Programs Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  34. Dangerous Goods Awareness and SurveillanceActivities in the Philippine Aviation Industry From August 2011 to May 2012: 1,012 Dangerous Goods Inspections had been conducted and recorded in CASORT. Safety Issues related to Dangerous Goods by Air Operator Certificate (AOC) holders have been recorded monitored up to resolution and/or were subjected to further surveillance. 47 Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  35. Dangerous Goods Awareness and SurveillanceActivities in the Philippine Aviation Industry Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  36. Dangerous Goods Inspections CAAP DANGEROUS GOODS INSPECTORSGUIDANCE OPERATIONS INSPECTORS MANUAL MANUAL OF DANGEROUS GOODS APPROVALS RESOLUTION AND ENFORCEMENT MANUAL Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  37. Dangerous Goods Inspections CAAP INSPECTION POLICY Program Minimum Required Annual Inspections (MRAI). Conduct un-programmed inspections on an ad-hoc basis. Train inspectors in each technical discipline to conduct inspections of dangerous goods processes and participants. Inspectors are charged with the responsibility to conduct DG-related inspection tasks as they go about daily oversight functions. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  38. Dangerous Goods Inspections Inspector Responsibilities: Duties and Coverage • DG Evaluation and Approvals • - DG Manuals and Revision- Segments on DG found in various Airline Operators Manuals • DG Training Programs, as applicable to the trainees’ involvement in DG handling • DG Published Procedures and Revisions Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  39. Dangerous Goods Inspections Inspector Responsibilities: Duties and Coverage DG Inspections • - Facilities and Signs (storage, segregation, handling) • - Documentation (manuals, shipping records, training records, audit records, loading records) • - Processes (DG screening/acceptance/preparation/ labels/packing/aircraft loading/ emergency procedures) • Personnel (actual performance/ training records) • Training (training program, monitor training-in-progress) Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  40. Dangerous Goods Inspections Inspector Responsibilities: Kinds of Inspections DG Comprehensive Inspections - This inspection is intended to be a consolidation of all applicable DG inspections to a specific organization. Minimum Required Annual Inspections (MRAI) -Each year, at the beginning of December, the CAAP will plan the minimum annual dangerous goods inspections for the coming year. The total number of inspections will be planned based on the number of AOC holders. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  41. Dangerous Goods Inspections Inspector Responsibilities: Kinds of Inspections • Unplanned, No-Notice Inspections • All qualified inspectors will be expected to • accomplish DG inspections during the conduct of other inspector tasks associated • with the certificated organizations. Such inspections are to be conducted on a regular basis. Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  42. Dangerous Goods Inspection Process Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  43. Increasing HazMat/ DG Transport Regulatory Standards THEREFORE: For the Aviation industry, increasing DG Transport Regulatory Standards can prevent DG-related Accidents/ Incidents from occurring… Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  44. Increasing HazMat/ DG Transport Regulatory Standards ThroughCargo Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  45. Increasing HazMat/ DG Transport Regulatory Standards Through Passenger Checked Bags/ Carry-Ons/ Clothing Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  46. Increasing HazMat/ DG Transport Regulatory Standards Through Mail Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  47. Increasing HazMat/ DG Transport Regulatory Standards Through AircraftGround Servicing Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  48. Increasing HazMat/ DG Transport Regulatory Standards Through AirlinePersonnel Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

  49. Increasing HazMat/ DG Transport Regulatory Standards Or, eventhroughDie-hardTerrorist“Wannabes” Increasing Regulatory Standards for Hazardous Material Transport GLOBALPACK 2012 International Packaging Conference 27 July 2012Sarabia Convention Center, Iloilo City

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