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Sleeping drugs. 8.2.2006. Symptoms. Fall asleep normally, but then wake up several times each night Sleep all right, but wake up early in the morning Difficulty falling asleep in the evening Feel tired and irritable during the day. Common causes of insomnia.
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Sleeping drugs 8.2.2006
Symptoms • Fall asleep normally, but then wake up several times each night • Sleep all right, but wake up early in the morning • Difficulty falling asleep in the evening • Feel tired and irritable during the day
Common causes of insomnia • Fear, stress, anxiety, overactive mind, physical pain • Stimulants like caffeine • Some medications • Another disease or psychological problem
Sleeping drugs • The most commonly used sleeping medications are benzodiazepines diazepam
Sometimes also antidepressants (mirtazapine) and antihistamines (diphenhydramine) are used to treat insomnia. mirtzapine diphenhydramine
Instructions for use • Try to take them only occasionally • The course of treatment will be short • Don’t take sleeping drugs with alcohol • Don’t use sleeping pills if you are pregnant
Effects • Sleeping drugs affect the central nervous system • Anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsive and muscle relaxing effects • Makes the effects of GABA longer • Tolerance
Side effects • Interactions with a few drugs • Confusion, unsteadiness, forgetfulness, dependence, muscle weakness • ”Rebound insomnia”
Side effects • No sleeping drugs when pregnant or certain diseases (breathing or lung problems, heart disease, severe liver and kidney disease and psychotic states) • Not very suitable for older people
Side effects • Large amounts alcohol and sleeping drugs can be fatal • Driving a car isn’t recommended after taking sleeping drugs • Common withdrawal symptoms are insomnia, ache in stomach, perspiration, nervousness and tachycardia
Diapam • A drug used as a sleeping drug and as a sedative • Its active ingredient is diazepam which belongs to benzodiazepines • Tablets of 2, 5 and 10 mgs, suppositories and oral suspensions are available
Diapam • Tablets and oral suspensions are storied in a dry place in 15- 25 °C • Suppositories require a temperature of 2-15 °C
Vocabulary • anxiety = ahdistuneisuus • anticonvulsive = kouristuksia ehkäisevä • liver = maksa • kidney = munuainen • insomnia = unettomuus • central nervous system = keskushermosto • Inhibitory = inhibitoiva • transmitter = välittäjäaine • withdrawal symptom = vieroitusoire